Other Observing Systems

AMDAR The Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR) collects and disseminates upper-air data measured from commercial aircraft. Thousands of upper-air observations of temperature and winds from the surface to about 12 km are provided daily. Some aircraft include measurements of relative humidity.

WIND PROFILERS A network of wind profiling radars, currently operated by the NOAA Forecast Systems Laboratory, exists that provides frequent profiles of winds from near the surface to about 15 km. Temperature profilers are linked with wind profilers at some sites that provide temperature data from near the surface to about 3 km.

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