National Weather Service United States Department of Commerce

Heavy Lake Effect Snow; Subfreezing Temperatures in the Eastern U.S.

A multi-day heavy lake effect snow event is expected downwind of Lakes Erie and Ontario through New Year's Day. The Arctic front will continue to bring increasing winds to the Northeast that will remain gusty. Subfreezing overnight low temperatures will be found as far south as the Gulf Coast. Read More >

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912
FXUS66 KMTR 300525
AFDMTR

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service San Francisco CA
925 PM PST Mon Dec 29 2025

...New AVIATION, MARINE, BEACHES...

.KEY MESSAGES...
Updated at 226 PM PST Mon Dec 29 2025

- Cold overnight conditions for interior and valley locations
again tonight.

- Rain returns Wednesday and lasts through the weekend.

- Coastal flooding from King Tides is expected Wednesday through
Sunday.

&&

.UPDATE...
Issued at 906 PM PST Mon Dec 29 2025

Updated the forecast with increased coverage of fog in the North
Bay, which should persist through mid/late morning Tuesday.
Otherwise, expect another cold night, especially across our
interior. A Cold Weather Advisory remains in place for 1AM-9AM
Tuesday morning. Extended guidance appears to be increasing the
wind speeds for the second system moving onshore on Friday,
tomorrow may be the best day to take any outdoor decorations that
survived the Christmas storms last week.

&&

.SHORT TERM...
Issued at 226 PM PST Mon Dec 29 2025
(This evening through Tuesday)

An upper level high is positioned across the northern part of
California while a cut-off low pressure is in place off of southern
California. This has allowed for offshore flow in the higher terrain
which is expected to continue into Tuesday. As such, cold
temperatures are expected across interior spots of the Bay Area and
Central coast where overnight low temperatures are forecast to be as
low as 33 degrees F, isolated colder spots are likely in the wind
sheltered valleys. Thus, a Cold Weather Advisory has been issued for
most locations away from the immediate coastline, bay shoreline,
and the Santa Clara Valley.

Tuesday will feature increasing mid-to-high level clouds from a
weather system approaching from the south as the aforementioned cut-
off low advects moisture from the south northward. However, dry
conditions are expected to prevail with temperatures similar to
those this afternoon.

&&

.LONG TERM...
Issued at 226 PM PST Mon Dec 29 2025
(Tuesday night through next Sunday)

The mid/upper level low pressure will advect enough moisture
northward to spread rainfall across the Central Coast by Wednesday,
but then will gradually spread northward across the Bay Area by
Wednesday afternoon. Rainfall amounts will be generally light to
occasionally moderate with the heaviest being across the Santa Lucia
and Sierra de Salinas ranges where there is a marginal risk for
excessive rainfall on Wednesday. Given the recent rain over the past
week or two, this will lead to nuisance flooding for poor drainage
areas and urban areas, as well as rises on flashy creeks/streams.
That low pressure is forecast to shift inland over southern
California with lingering rain likely into Thursday.

By Friday, an atmospheric river is forecast to move across the North
Bay and then progress southward bringing additional rainfall to the
region and a 10-15% chance for thunderstorms. This is when we are
expecting the heaviest of rainfall, however the boundary does not
appear likely to stall at any given point. At this point there is a
marginal risk for excessive rainfall on Friday across the interior
Bay Area and Central Coast. Rainfall amounts will be more refined
as we near late week and get closer to the event. Unsettled
conditions look to prevail into the weekend and potentially into
early next week as the pattern aloft remains troughy.

&&

.AVIATION...
(06Z TAFS)
Issued at 925 PM PST Mon Dec 29 2025

12.0 mb WMC-SFO and 0.8 mb SAC-SFO offshore pressure gradients
support ongoing offshore winds, dry conditions and high confidence
VFR through late evening. Low clouds and tule fog /VLIFR-IFR/ are
redeveloping over the Central Valley and will reach into the Delta
tonight and Tuesday. Patchy valley fog /VLIFR-IFR/ will also develop
due to radiative cooling tonight and Tuesday morning. The 500 mb
upper level ridge is forecast to move eastward to Nevada late
tonight and Tuesday which will shift lower, mid and upper level
winds to a southerly direction, advecting in high clouds starting
Tuesday.

Vicinity of SFO...VFR. Southeast to east wind 5 to 9 knots tonight
and Tuesday becoming light and variable by early Tuesday evening.

SFO Bridge Approach...Similar to SFO.

Monterey Bay Terminals...VFR. Winds mainly east to southeast 5 to
12 knots.

&&

.MARINE...
(Tonight through next Sunday)
Issued at 920 PM PST Mon Dec 29 2025

Northerly winds and moderate seas will prevail through Wednesday.
Fresh to strong southerly breezes return Thursday into Friday
with gale force gusts likely. Seas build to become rough Thursday
into Friday. Rain returns Wednesday and lasts through the weekend.

&&

.BEACHES...
Issued at 925 PM PST Mon Dec 29 2025

Perigean spring tides (king tides) return Wednesday - Sunday.
This is due to the combination of the full moon on 1/3, lunar
perigee on 1/1, and perihelion on 1/3. In other words all three
planetary bodies are lined up and close to each other. In addition
to the high astronomical tide, the incoming low pressure system
will bring strong onshore winds, generating some storm surge. The
combination of these factors will bring minor coastal flooding to
the low-lying areas near shorelines and tidal waterways during
high tide Wednesday through Sunday. At the San Francisco tidal
gauge, high tide is expected to be 1.5 ft above normal at 7:51 AM
Wednesday, 1.7 ft above normal at 8:41 AM Thursday, 1.8 ft above
normal at 9:34 AM Friday, 1.8 ft above normal at 10:26 AM
Saturday, and 1.6 ft above normal at 11:18 AM Sunday. These
predictions include 0.5 feet of storm surge that will enhance the
astronomical tide and flooding threat. High tide varies up to 90
minutes earlier or later along the Pacific Coast and through the
San Francisco Bay, respectively.

&&

.MTR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
CA...Coastal Flood Advisory from 5 AM Wednesday to 2 PM PST Sunday
for CAZ006-505-506-508-509-529-530.

Cold Weather Advisory from 1 AM to 9 AM PST Tuesday for CAZ504-
506-510-514>518.

Dense Fog Advisory until 10 AM PST Tuesday for CAZ506.

PZ...None.
&&

$$

SHORT TERM...RGass
LONG TERM....RGass
AVIATION...Canepa
MARINE...Canepa

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