Swells and high surf from both Imelda and Humberto are expected to bring dangerous marine conditions and rip currents to much of the East Coast over the next several days. A series of Pacific frontal systems will bring waves of showers and thunderstorms to portions of northern California and the Pacific Northwest through midweek. Read More >
Soaring Forecast for Moriarty NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0713 MDT Tuesday September 30 2025
This forecast is for Tuesday, September 30, 2025:
If the trigger temperature of 66.3 F/19.0 C is reached...then
Thermal Soaring Index....................... Good
Maximum rate of lift........................ 756 ft/min (3.8 m/s)
Maximum height of thermals.................. 15095 ft MSL (8759 ft AGL)
Forecast maximum temperature................... 74.0 F/23.8 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1130 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 12551 ft MSL (6215 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Wednesday 10/01.... Excellent
Remarks...
Sunrise/Sunset.................... 06:58:30 / 18:49:09 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 11 hr 50 min 39 sec (710 min 39 sec)
Altitude of sun at 12:53:49 MDT... 51.87 degrees
Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 09/30/2025 at 0600 MDT
Freezing level.................. 13229 ft MSL (6893 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 11885 ft MSL (5549 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 13322 ft MSL (6986 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -0.0
K index......................... +12.6
Height Temperature Wind Wind Spd Lapse Rate ConvectionT Thermal Lift Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft deg C deg F Index fpm m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -66.9 -88.4 250 30 15 3.7 2.0 75.3 167.6 30.8 M M
45000 -60.0 -76.0 260 47 24 6.6 3.6 63.7 146.7 25.6 M M
40000 -50.2 -58.4 265 59 30 6.3 3.5 56.8 134.3 22.7 M M
38000 -46.4 -51.5 265 56 29 6.3 3.5 53.5 128.3 21.0 M M
36000 -42.6 -44.7 270 53 27 6.3 3.5 50.9 123.7 19.6 M M
34000 -38.2 -36.8 270 51 26 6.5 3.6 47.7 117.8 17.8 M M
32000 -34.3 -29.7 275 51 26 6.4 3.5 45.3 113.5 16.4 M M
30000 -29.6 -21.3 275 41 21 8.1 4.5 43.6 110.6 15.6 M M
29000 -27.2 -17.0 270 35 18 8.1 4.5 43.1 109.5 15.4 M M
28000 -24.7 -12.5 265 29 15 7.1 3.9 42.6 108.7 15.2 M M
27000 -22.9 -9.2 270 28 15 6.1 3.3 41.1 105.9 14.1 M M
26000 -21.1 -6.0 270 27 14 6.1 3.4 39.7 103.5 13.2 M M
25000 -19.3 -2.7 275 26 14 5.9 3.3 38.5 101.2 12.3 M M
24000 -17.0 1.4 280 25 13 8.0 4.4 37.6 99.7 11.7 M M
23000 -14.6 5.7 285 23 12 8.0 4.4 36.9 98.5 11.3 M M
22000 -12.2 10.0 290 22 11 8.1 4.5 36.4 97.5 11.0 M M
21000 -10.1 13.8 290 20 11 6.6 3.6 35.3 95.6 10.2 M M
20000 -8.1 17.4 290 19 10 6.6 3.6 34.2 93.6 9.4 M M
19500 -7.2 19.0 290 18 9 6.6 3.6 33.7 92.7 9.0 M M
19000 -5.8 21.6 290 16 8 5.4 3.0 32.9 91.2 8.3 M M
18500 -5.0 23.0 290 15 8 5.5 3.0 32.1 89.8 7.7 M M
18000 -4.2 24.4 290 14 7 4.5 2.5 31.4 88.6 7.1 M M
17500 -3.6 25.5 285 13 7 3.8 2.1 30.4 86.7 6.1 M M
17000 -3.1 26.4 280 12 6 3.9 2.1 29.4 84.9 5.2 M M
16500 -3.0 26.6 275 11 6 -1.1 -0.6 27.9 82.3 3.9 M M
16000 -3.2 26.2 265 12 6 -0.4 -0.2 26.2 79.2 2.2 M M
15500 -3.3 26.1 255 13 6 2.6 1.4 24.7 76.5 0.7 M M
15000 -2.8 27.0 255 12 6 3.4 1.9 23.7 74.6 -0.3 748 3.8
14500 -2.4 27.7 255 12 6 5.0 2.7 22.6 72.7 -1.4 721 3.7
14000 -1.5 29.3 260 12 6 6.6 3.6 22.1 71.8 -1.9 678 3.4
13500 -0.5 31.1 260 11 6 7.1 3.9 21.6 70.9 -2.4 635 3.2
13000 0.6 33.1 260 11 6 8.3 4.6 21.3 70.4 -2.8 586 3.0
12500 1.8 35.2 260 12 6 8.3 4.6 21.1 70.0 -3.0 535 2.7
12000 3.0 37.4 255 13 6 8.7 4.7 20.9 69.6 -3.3 484 2.5
11500 4.3 39.7 250 14 7 9.1 5.0 20.7 69.3 -3.5 431 2.2
11000 5.5 41.9 245 15 8 8.0 4.4 20.6 69.0 -3.7 379 1.9
10500 6.7 44.1 245 16 8 8.1 4.4 20.3 68.6 -4.0 328 1.7
10250 7.3 45.1 240 16 8 7.8 4.3 20.2 68.3 -4.2 304 1.5
10000 7.8 46.0 240 16 8 7.8 4.3 20.0 68.0 -4.4 280 1.4
9750 8.4 47.1 240 16 8 7.9 4.3 19.9 67.8 -4.5 256 1.3
9500 9.0 48.2 240 17 9 7.9 4.3 19.7 67.5 -4.7 232 1.2
9250 9.5 49.1 235 16 8 8.2 4.5 19.6 67.3 -4.9 207 1.1
9000 10.1 50.2 235 16 8 7.6 4.2 19.5 67.0 -5.1 183 0.9
8750 10.6 51.1 235 16 8 6.8 3.7 19.3 66.7 -5.3 160 0.8
8500 11.1 52.0 235 15 8 6.8 3.7 19.0 66.3 -5.6 138 0.7
8250 11.6 52.9 230 15 8 6.7 3.7 18.8 65.8 -5.8 117 0.6
8000 12.0 53.6 230 14 7 6.3 3.5 18.6 65.4 -6.1 96 0.5
7750 12.4 54.3 230 13 7 5.9 3.3 18.3 64.9 -6.4 75 0.4
7500 12.8 55.0 225 12 6 3.8 2.1 17.9 64.3 -6.8 57 0.3
7250 13.0 55.4 220 10 5 2.0 1.1 17.4 63.3 -7.4 45 0.2
7000 13.1 55.6 210 9 5 3.0 1.7 16.8 62.3 -8.0 32 0.2
6750 13.3 55.9 200 8 4 0.4 0.2 16.3 61.3 -8.5 20 0.1
6500 13.0 55.4 185 7 3 -7.6 -4.1 15.3 59.5 -9.6 21 0.1
6250 M M M M M M M M M M M M
* * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * *
09/30/2025 at 0900 MDT | 09/30/2025 at 1200 MDT
|
CAPE... +40.9 LI... +2.8 | CAPE... +30.0 LI... +2.7
CINH... -37.7 K Index... +9.9 | CINH... 0.0 K Index... +8.5
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -66.4 -87.5 245 30 15 4.8 2.6 | -65.6 -86.1 240 35 18 4.7 2.6
45000 -58.7 -73.7 255 46 24 5.8 3.2 | -58.2 -72.8 250 54 28 5.6 3.1
40000 -49.9 -57.8 255 64 33 5.8 3.2 | -49.8 -57.6 250 73 38 5.8 3.2
38000 -46.4 -51.5 255 62 32 5.8 3.2 | -46.3 -51.3 250 72 37 5.8 3.2
36000 -42.5 -44.5 260 60 31 5.9 3.2 | -42.8 -45.0 250 70 36 5.8 3.2
34000 -38.6 -37.5 260 55 28 6.5 3.6 | -38.7 -37.7 250 64 33 6.1 3.4
32000 -34.7 -30.5 260 50 26 6.5 3.6 | -35.1 -31.2 250 57 29 6.1 3.3
30000 -30.4 -22.7 260 41 21 7.3 4.0 | -30.8 -23.4 250 50 26 7.3 4.0
29000 -28.2 -18.8 255 37 19 7.3 4.0 | -28.6 -19.5 250 47 24 7.3 4.0
28000 -26.0 -14.8 255 32 16 7.0 3.9 | -26.5 -15.7 250 43 22 6.9 3.8
27000 -24.0 -11.2 260 30 16 6.8 3.7 | -24.5 -12.1 250 39 20 6.5 3.6
26000 -22.0 -7.6 260 29 15 6.8 3.7 | -22.6 -8.7 245 35 18 6.5 3.6
25000 -20.0 -4.0 265 27 14 6.6 3.6 | -20.6 -5.1 245 31 16 6.4 3.5
24000 -17.7 0.1 270 26 13 8.0 4.4 | -18.3 -0.9 245 28 14 7.9 4.4
23000 -15.3 4.5 270 24 12 8.0 4.4 | -16.0 3.2 250 25 13 7.9 4.4
22000 -12.9 8.8 270 22 11 8.1 4.4 | -13.6 7.5 250 23 12 7.9 4.4
21000 -10.6 12.9 275 20 10 7.5 4.1 | -11.2 11.8 255 22 11 8.0 4.4
20000 -7.8 18.0 275 17 9 7.5 4.1 | -8.8 16.2 260 21 11 8.0 4.4
19500 -6.6 20.1 275 16 8 7.4 4.1 | -7.0 19.4 265 21 11 7.9 4.3
19000 -5.7 21.7 275 15 8 5.6 3.1 | -5.9 21.4 265 21 11 6.5 3.6
18500 -4.8 23.4 270 14 7 5.7 3.1 | -4.9 23.2 265 20 10 6.6 3.6
18000 -4.0 24.8 270 13 7 4.9 2.7 | -4.0 24.8 260 20 10 5.3 2.9
17500 -3.4 25.9 265 13 7 4.4 2.4 | -3.3 26.1 260 20 10 4.6 2.5
17000 -2.7 27.1 260 13 7 4.3 2.3 | -2.6 27.3 260 19 10 4.4 2.4
16500 -2.6 27.3 255 13 7 -0.6 -0.3 | -2.2 28.0 255 19 10 2.4 1.3
16000 -2.7 27.1 250 14 7 -0.0 -0.0 | -1.9 28.6 255 18 9 2.8 1.5
15500 -2.7 27.1 245 15 8 2.5 1.4 | -1.7 28.9 250 17 9 0.8 0.5
15000 -2.4 27.7 240 15 8 3.0 1.6 | -1.7 28.9 245 16 8 1.0 0.6
14500 -2.0 28.4 235 15 8 5.0 2.8 | -1.7 28.9 240 15 8 3.4 1.9
14000 -1.1 30.0 235 14 7 6.6 3.6 | -1.1 30.0 235 14 7 4.9 2.7
13500 -0.1 31.8 235 14 7 6.9 3.8 | -0.4 31.3 235 13 7 6.3 3.5
13000 0.9 33.6 240 13 7 7.2 4.0 | 0.7 33.3 235 13 6 8.6 4.7
12500 2.0 35.6 240 13 7 7.4 4.1 | 1.9 35.4 235 12 6 8.8 4.8
12000 3.1 37.6 245 13 7 8.1 4.4 | 3.3 37.9 235 12 6 9.4 5.2
11500 4.3 39.7 250 13 7 7.7 4.2 | 4.7 40.5 235 12 6 9.1 5.0
11000 5.5 41.9 250 14 7 8.8 4.8 | 6.0 42.8 235 12 6 9.4 5.1
10500 6.7 44.1 255 15 7 8.6 4.7 | 7.4 45.3 240 12 6 9.3 5.1
10250 7.4 45.3 255 15 8 8.5 4.7 | 8.1 46.6 240 12 6 9.5 5.2
10000 8.0 46.4 255 15 8 8.6 4.7 | 8.8 47.8 240 12 6 9.7 5.3
9750 8.6 47.5 255 15 8 8.7 4.8 | 9.6 49.3 240 12 6 9.8 5.4
9500 9.2 48.6 255 15 8 8.6 4.7 | 10.3 50.5 240 12 6 9.8 5.4
9250 9.9 49.8 255 15 8 8.7 4.8 | 11.0 51.8 240 12 6 9.8 5.4
9000 10.5 50.9 255 14 7 8.2 4.5 | 11.7 53.1 240 12 6 9.6 5.2
8750 11.0 51.8 250 14 7 8.0 4.4 | 12.4 54.3 240 12 6 9.1 5.0
8500 11.6 52.9 250 14 7 7.0 3.9 | 13.1 55.6 240 12 6 9.7 5.3
8250 12.0 53.6 250 13 7 5.8 3.2 | 13.9 57.0 245 12 6 10.4 5.7
8000 12.4 54.3 245 13 7 5.6 3.1 | 14.7 58.5 245 12 6 10.3 5.6
7750 12.7 54.9 245 12 6 4.3 2.4 | 15.4 59.7 245 12 6 10.1 5.5
7500 13.0 55.4 240 11 6 4.3 2.4 | 16.2 61.2 245 12 6 10.3 5.6
7250 13.3 55.9 240 9 5 5.2 2.8 | 16.9 62.4 245 12 6 10.7 5.9
7000 13.6 56.5 235 8 4 4.4 2.4 | 17.7 63.9 245 12 6 9.8 5.4
6750 14.0 57.2 225 7 4 7.5 4.1 | 18.5 65.3 245 12 6 12.2 6.7
6500 14.8 58.6 220 6 3 15.1 8.3 | 19.7 67.5 245 11 6 20.8 11.4
6250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
09/30/2025 at 1500 MDT | 09/30/2025 at 1800 MDT
|
CAPE... +45.2 LI... +1.7 | CAPE... +49.5 LI... +1.1
CINH... -60.1 K Index... +21.7 | CINH... -26.5 K Index... +25.4
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -65.1 -85.2 240 38 20 4.2 2.3 | -65.6 -86.1 250 43 22 4.4 2.4
45000 -57.7 -71.9 250 55 29 5.8 3.2 | -58.0 -72.4 260 56 29 5.7 3.1
40000 -49.1 -56.4 250 78 40 5.4 3.0 | -49.6 -57.3 270 66 34 4.8 2.7
38000 -45.9 -50.6 245 74 38 5.4 2.9 | -46.7 -52.1 265 64 33 4.8 2.6
36000 -42.6 -44.7 245 70 36 5.4 2.9 | -43.8 -46.8 265 63 32 4.9 2.7
34000 -39.5 -39.1 245 68 35 5.2 2.9 | -40.0 -40.0 265 59 30 6.7 3.7
32000 -36.0 -32.8 245 66 34 5.1 2.8 | -35.6 -32.1 275 54 28 6.6 3.6
30000 -32.0 -25.6 245 59 30 7.0 3.9 | -31.2 -24.2 270 50 26 7.4 4.1
29000 -29.9 -21.8 245 54 28 7.0 3.9 | -29.0 -20.2 265 49 25 7.4 4.1
28000 -27.8 -18.0 250 50 26 7.2 3.9 | -26.7 -16.1 265 47 24 7.0 3.8
27000 -25.6 -14.1 250 46 24 7.3 4.0 | -24.9 -12.8 260 44 23 6.3 3.4
26000 -23.4 -10.1 250 42 22 7.3 4.0 | -23.0 -9.4 260 41 21 6.3 3.4
25000 -21.2 -6.2 250 39 20 7.3 4.0 | -21.1 -6.0 255 38 19 6.1 3.4
24000 -18.9 -2.0 250 36 19 8.1 4.4 | -18.9 -2.0 255 35 18 7.8 4.3
23000 -16.5 2.3 250 34 18 8.0 4.4 | -16.6 2.1 255 32 17 7.8 4.3
22000 -14.1 6.6 250 32 17 8.1 4.4 | -14.2 6.4 260 30 15 7.9 4.3
21000 -11.7 10.9 250 30 15 7.9 4.3 | -12.0 10.4 260 28 14 7.3 4.0
20000 -9.3 15.3 250 27 14 7.9 4.4 | -9.8 14.4 260 26 13 7.4 4.0
19500 -8.1 17.4 250 25 13 8.0 4.4 | -8.7 16.3 260 25 13 7.4 4.1
19000 -7.0 19.4 250 23 12 6.9 3.8 | -7.4 18.7 260 24 13 3.4 1.9
18500 -5.6 21.9 255 21 11 6.4 3.5 | -6.9 19.6 265 25 13 3.8 2.1
18000 -4.7 23.5 255 19 10 3.5 1.9 | -6.4 20.5 265 26 13 4.3 2.3
17500 -4.5 23.9 255 18 9 2.1 1.1 | -5.8 21.6 270 27 14 4.6 2.5
17000 -4.2 24.4 255 16 8 2.1 1.1 | -5.2 22.6 270 28 15 4.8 2.6
16500 -4.0 24.8 250 15 8 2.2 1.2 | -4.5 23.9 275 28 15 5.8 3.2
16000 -3.9 25.0 245 14 7 2.4 1.3 | -3.7 25.3 275 28 14 5.7 3.1
15500 -3.4 25.9 240 13 7 7.4 4.1 | -2.8 27.0 275 27 14 7.5 4.1
15000 -2.3 27.9 240 13 7 7.8 4.3 | -1.7 28.9 275 26 13 7.7 4.2
14500 -1.2 29.8 240 13 7 7.2 3.9 | -0.6 30.9 275 24 13 7.7 4.2
14000 -0.3 31.5 240 14 7 6.7 3.7 | 0.5 32.9 275 22 11 7.8 4.3
13500 0.7 33.3 240 14 7 7.6 4.2 | 1.6 34.9 270 19 10 8.0 4.4
13000 2.0 35.6 240 14 7 9.4 5.2 | 2.8 37.0 270 16 8 8.4 4.6
12500 3.4 38.1 240 14 7 9.5 5.2 | 4.0 39.2 265 14 7 8.6 4.7
12000 4.9 40.8 245 14 7 9.7 5.3 | 5.4 41.7 265 12 6 9.6 5.3
11500 6.3 43.3 245 14 7 9.8 5.4 | 6.8 44.2 260 11 6 10.0 5.5
11000 7.8 46.0 245 14 7 9.5 5.2 | 8.3 46.9 260 11 6 9.4 5.2
10500 9.2 48.6 245 15 7 9.5 5.2 | 9.7 49.5 260 11 5 9.4 5.2
10250 9.9 49.8 245 15 8 9.4 5.1 | 10.4 50.7 260 10 5 9.4 5.1
10000 10.6 51.1 245 15 8 9.6 5.3 | 11.1 52.0 260 10 5 9.7 5.3
9750 11.3 52.3 245 15 8 9.6 5.3 | 11.8 53.2 255 10 5 9.7 5.3
9500 12.0 53.6 245 15 8 9.9 5.4 | 12.5 54.5 255 10 5 9.9 5.4
9250 12.8 55.0 245 15 8 11.0 6.1 | 13.3 55.9 255 10 5 11.3 6.2
9000 13.6 56.5 250 16 8 10.2 5.6 | 14.2 57.6 255 10 5 10.0 5.5
8750 14.3 57.7 250 16 8 8.9 4.9 | 14.8 58.6 255 10 5 8.2 4.5
8500 15.0 59.0 250 16 8 9.5 5.2 | 15.4 59.7 255 9 5 9.2 5.0
8250 15.7 60.3 250 16 8 9.9 5.5 | 16.2 61.2 255 9 5 10.2 5.6
8000 16.5 61.7 250 16 8 9.9 5.4 | 16.9 62.4 250 9 5 10.2 5.6
7750 17.2 63.0 250 16 8 9.3 5.1 | 17.7 63.9 250 9 5 9.6 5.2
7500 17.9 64.2 250 16 8 9.9 5.4 | 18.4 65.1 250 9 5 9.6 5.3
7250 18.7 65.7 250 16 8 10.7 5.9 | 19.1 66.4 250 9 5 9.8 5.4
7000 19.4 66.9 250 16 8 10.2 5.6 | 19.8 67.6 250 8 4 9.8 5.4
6750 20.2 68.4 250 16 8 11.0 6.0 | 20.5 68.9 250 8 4 9.4 5.2
6500 21.2 70.2 255 15 8 16.4 9.0 | 21.2 70.2 245 8 4 7.8 4.3
6250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
________________________________________________________________________________
This product is issued once per day, at approximately 730 AM local
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance.
The information contained herein is based on numerical weather prediction
model data for the Moriarty Municipal Airport site in Moriarty, New Mexico at
North Latitude: 34.9781667 deg
West Longitude: 106.0000278 deg
Elevation: 6204.2 feet (1891.0 meters)
and may not be representative of other areas along and east of the Sandia
and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground. Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.
The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice. Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.
DEFINITIONS:
CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
energy available for convective development, also known as the positive
area on a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. Larger
values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of
stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms. Values around or
greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
convective activity develop.
CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. The more negative
this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection. This
inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)
Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it
just becomes saturated. It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
produced by surface heating only.
Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level. It can be considered a
"trigger temperature" for that level.
Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.
Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above
mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists. The location and
existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain
waves.
K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface. Larger
positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of
thunderstorm development. One interpretation of K index values regarding
soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158
and is reproduced in the following table:
below -10 no or weak thermals
-10 to 5 dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
5 to 15 good soaring conditions
15 to 20 good soaring conditions with occasional showers
20 to 30 excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
probability of showers and thunderstorms
above 30 more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms
Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
inversions.
Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.
Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
level. The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum
temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
feet of the airmass. Negative values are indicative of instability with
positive values showing stable conditions.
Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals. It is
computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
are applied to these calculations.
Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.
Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals. It
is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures
between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet
above the ground. After this computation, further empirical adjustments
are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment.
Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds. Broken means that
between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights:
1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind speed no longer increases with height
PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
sea level). Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.
Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
and the time of overdevelopment.
Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level. Negative values
are indicative of thermal lift.
Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the
computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:
Maximum rate of lift Adjective Rating
>= 800 fpm Excellent
>= 400 and < 800 fpm Good
>= 200 and < 400 fpm Fair
< 200 fpm Poor
Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
3. initiation of widespread precipitation
Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
reach the trigger temperature.
Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.
Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which
attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
soaring into a single index number. Objective points are assigned to
these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough
movements.
042613
Soaring Forecast for Albuquerque NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0712 MDT Tuesday September 30 2025
This forecast is for Tuesday, September 30, 2025:
If the trigger temperature of 69.4 F/20.8 C is reached...then
Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
Maximum rate of lift........................ 801 ft/min (4.1 m/s)
Maximum height of thermals.................. 15091 ft MSL (9410 ft AGL)
Forecast maximum temperature................... 78.0 F/26.0 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1145 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 12611 ft MSL (6930 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Wednesday 10/01.... Excellent
Remarks...
Sunrise/Sunset.................... 07:01:00 / 18:51:37 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 11 hr 50 min 37 sec (710 min 37 sec)
Altitude of sun at 12:56:19 MDT... 51.83 degrees
Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 09/30/2025 at 0600 MDT
Freezing level.................. 13234 ft MSL (7553 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 11846 ft MSL (6165 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 13277 ft MSL (7597 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -0.3
K index......................... +17.0
Height Temperature Wind Wind Spd Lapse Rate ConvectionT Thermal Lift Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft deg C deg F Index fpm m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -66.9 -88.4 245 34 17 3.8 2.1 77.6 171.7 30.6 M M
45000 -60.0 -76.0 250 50 26 6.4 3.5 66.0 150.9 25.5 M M
40000 -50.4 -58.7 260 62 32 6.3 3.5 58.8 137.9 22.3 M M
38000 -46.6 -51.9 260 59 30 6.3 3.5 55.5 132.0 20.7 M M
36000 -42.3 -44.1 265 56 29 6.3 3.5 52.6 126.8 19.2 M M
34000 -38.4 -37.1 265 54 28 6.6 3.6 49.7 121.5 17.6 M M
32000 -34.5 -30.1 270 53 27 6.6 3.6 47.4 117.2 16.2 M M
30000 -30.0 -22.0 265 43 22 7.6 4.2 45.4 113.7 15.1 M M
29000 -27.7 -17.9 265 36 19 7.6 4.2 44.6 112.2 14.7 M M
28000 -25.5 -13.9 260 30 16 7.3 4.0 43.9 111.0 14.3 M M
27000 -23.4 -10.1 260 29 15 6.7 3.7 42.7 108.8 13.5 M M
26000 -21.4 -6.5 260 28 14 6.8 3.7 41.5 106.7 12.8 M M
25000 -19.4 -2.9 265 27 14 6.7 3.7 40.5 104.9 12.1 M M
24000 -17.2 1.0 265 26 13 7.9 4.3 39.6 103.3 11.5 M M
23000 -14.8 5.4 270 24 13 7.9 4.3 38.9 102.1 11.0 M M
22000 -11.9 10.6 280 23 12 7.4 4.1 38.2 100.7 10.5 M M
21000 -9.9 14.2 280 21 11 6.6 3.6 37.0 98.6 9.6 M M
20000 -7.9 17.8 280 19 10 6.6 3.6 35.9 96.6 8.8 M M
19500 -6.9 19.6 280 18 9 6.7 3.7 35.4 95.7 8.4 M M
19000 -6.0 21.2 275 17 9 5.6 3.1 34.8 94.6 8.0 M M
18500 -5.2 22.6 275 16 8 5.6 3.1 34.1 93.3 7.4 M M
18000 -4.4 24.1 275 15 8 5.2 2.8 33.4 92.1 6.8 M M
17500 -3.7 25.3 270 14 7 4.4 2.4 32.5 90.5 6.0 M M
17000 -3.1 26.4 265 12 6 4.9 2.7 31.6 88.9 5.2 M M
16500 -2.7 27.1 260 11 6 0.3 0.2 30.4 86.7 4.1 M M
16000 -2.7 27.1 250 11 5 0.8 0.4 28.9 84.0 2.7 M M
15500 -2.7 27.1 245 10 5 0.9 0.5 27.4 81.3 1.2 M M
15000 -2.7 27.1 245 10 5 1.0 0.6 25.9 78.6 -0.2 798 4.1
14500 -2.7 27.1 240 11 6 3.0 1.6 24.5 76.0 -1.7 784 4.0
14000 -1.8 28.8 245 11 6 7.6 4.2 23.9 75.0 -2.3 742 3.8
13500 -0.7 30.7 245 11 6 7.7 4.2 23.6 74.4 -2.7 695 3.5
13000 0.5 32.9 245 11 6 9.2 5.1 23.4 74.1 -2.9 643 3.3
12500 1.8 35.2 245 11 6 9.2 5.0 23.3 73.9 -3.0 588 3.0
12000 3.1 37.6 245 12 6 8.7 4.8 23.1 73.6 -3.2 534 2.7
11500 4.4 39.9 245 13 7 8.8 4.8 23.0 73.3 -3.4 482 2.4
11000 5.6 42.1 245 14 7 7.8 4.3 22.7 72.9 -3.7 431 2.2
10500 6.7 44.1 245 15 8 8.2 4.5 22.5 72.4 -4.0 382 1.9
10250 7.3 45.1 245 15 8 8.1 4.5 22.3 72.2 -4.1 357 1.8
10000 7.9 46.2 240 15 8 7.8 4.3 22.2 71.9 -4.3 332 1.7
9750 8.5 47.3 240 16 8 7.8 4.3 22.0 71.7 -4.5 308 1.6
9500 9.0 48.2 240 16 8 8.1 4.4 21.9 71.4 -4.6 283 1.4
9250 9.6 49.3 235 16 8 7.9 4.4 21.8 71.2 -4.8 259 1.3
9000 10.2 50.4 235 16 8 7.5 4.1 21.6 70.9 -5.0 235 1.2
8750 11.2 52.2 230 15 8 7.1 3.9 21.3 70.3 -5.4 188 1.0
8500 11.7 53.1 225 15 8 6.2 3.4 21.0 69.9 -5.7 167 0.8
8250 12.1 53.8 220 15 8 6.5 3.6 20.8 69.4 -6.0 146 0.7
8000 12.6 54.7 215 15 8 7.2 4.0 20.6 69.0 -6.3 125 0.6
7750 13.1 55.6 215 15 8 6.1 3.3 20.3 68.6 -6.5 103 0.5
7500 13.4 56.1 210 15 8 4.7 2.6 20.0 68.0 -6.9 86 0.4
7250 13.8 56.8 205 15 8 6.0 3.3 19.7 67.4 -7.3 68 0.3
7000 14.2 57.6 200 15 8 6.9 3.8 19.4 67.0 -7.6 47 0.2
6750 14.7 58.5 195 14 7 6.4 3.5 19.2 66.5 -7.9 25 0.1
6500 15.1 59.2 195 13 7 6.2 3.4 18.9 66.1 -8.2 4 0.0
6250 15.6 60.1 190 12 6 6.2 3.4 18.7 65.6 -8.5 M M
6000 15.9 60.6 185 11 5 2.5 1.3 18.3 64.9 -8.9 M M
5750 15.6 60.1 180 6 3 -15.9 -8.7 17.2 63.0 -10.0 M M
5500 M M M M M M M M M M M M
* * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * *
09/30/2025 at 0900 MDT | 09/30/2025 at 1200 MDT
|
CAPE... +69.0 LI... +2.4 | CAPE... +66.8 LI... +1.3
CINH... -30.7 K Index... +12.9 | CINH... -55.8 K Index... +9.7
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -65.9 -86.6 240 33 17 4.8 2.6 | -65.2 -85.4 240 36 19 4.1 2.3
45000 -58.5 -73.3 250 51 26 5.4 3.0 | -58.2 -72.8 245 55 28 5.7 3.1
40000 -50.3 -58.5 250 68 35 5.9 3.2 | -49.7 -57.5 245 76 39 5.5 3.0
38000 -46.7 -52.1 250 66 34 5.9 3.2 | -46.4 -51.5 245 76 39 5.5 3.0
36000 -42.8 -45.0 255 63 33 5.9 3.2 | -42.7 -44.9 245 76 39 5.4 3.0
34000 -38.8 -37.8 255 59 30 6.7 3.7 | -39.1 -38.4 245 70 36 6.1 3.4
32000 -34.8 -30.6 255 54 28 6.7 3.7 | -35.4 -31.7 245 63 32 6.1 3.4
30000 -30.6 -23.1 250 46 24 7.0 3.8 | -31.4 -24.5 245 54 28 6.9 3.8
29000 -28.6 -19.5 250 41 21 7.0 3.8 | -29.3 -20.7 245 50 26 6.9 3.8
28000 -26.5 -15.7 250 37 19 6.9 3.8 | -27.2 -17.0 245 46 24 6.9 3.8
27000 -24.4 -11.9 250 35 18 6.8 3.7 | -25.2 -13.4 245 42 22 6.7 3.7
26000 -22.4 -8.3 255 32 17 6.8 3.7 | -23.2 -9.8 245 38 20 6.7 3.7
25000 -20.4 -4.7 255 30 15 6.7 3.7 | -21.2 -6.2 240 34 18 6.6 3.6
24000 -18.1 -0.6 260 28 14 8.1 4.4 | -19.0 -2.2 240 32 16 8.1 4.4
23000 -15.1 4.8 260 25 13 8.1 4.5 | -16.5 2.3 240 29 15 8.1 4.4
22000 -12.7 9.1 260 23 12 8.0 4.4 | -13.5 7.7 240 27 14 7.9 4.4
21000 -10.3 13.5 260 21 11 7.8 4.3 | -11.2 11.8 245 24 12 7.8 4.3
20000 -8.0 17.6 265 19 10 7.8 4.3 | -8.9 16.0 250 22 11 7.8 4.3
19500 -6.8 19.8 265 18 9 8.1 4.4 | -7.7 18.1 255 21 11 7.8 4.3
19000 -5.8 21.6 265 17 9 5.5 3.0 | -6.7 19.9 255 20 11 6.5 3.6
18500 -4.9 23.2 265 17 9 5.6 3.1 | -5.7 21.7 255 20 10 6.6 3.6
18000 -4.1 24.6 260 16 8 4.6 2.5 | -4.7 23.5 260 20 10 6.3 3.4
17500 -3.6 25.5 260 15 8 3.4 1.9 | -3.8 25.2 260 20 10 5.9 3.3
17000 -3.1 26.4 255 14 7 3.6 2.0 | -2.9 26.8 260 20 10 6.0 3.3
16500 -2.8 27.0 255 14 7 1.4 0.8 | -2.2 28.0 260 20 10 3.9 2.1
16000 -2.6 27.3 250 13 7 1.7 0.9 | -1.6 29.1 260 20 10 4.2 2.3
15500 -2.4 27.7 245 12 6 2.1 1.1 | -1.1 30.0 255 19 10 3.0 1.6
15000 -2.2 28.0 240 12 6 2.4 1.3 | -0.8 30.6 250 19 10 2.7 1.5
14500 -1.9 28.6 235 13 7 3.7 2.1 | -0.5 31.1 245 18 9 3.1 1.7
14000 -1.2 29.8 235 12 6 5.8 3.2 | -0.0 32.0 240 18 9 3.5 1.9
13500 -0.4 31.3 230 12 6 6.2 3.4 | 0.4 32.7 235 17 9 4.1 2.2
13000 0.6 33.1 230 12 6 7.9 4.3 | 1.1 34.0 235 16 8 6.4 3.5
12500 1.7 35.1 235 12 6 7.8 4.3 | 2.0 35.6 230 15 8 6.4 3.5
12000 2.9 37.2 235 12 6 8.3 4.5 | 3.0 37.4 230 14 7 8.0 4.4
11500 4.1 39.4 240 12 6 8.3 4.5 | 4.0 39.2 230 13 7 7.9 4.3
11000 5.3 41.5 240 13 7 8.2 4.5 | 5.1 41.2 230 13 6 8.0 4.4
10500 6.5 43.7 245 13 7 8.1 4.5 | 6.2 43.2 225 12 6 8.4 4.6
10250 7.1 44.8 245 13 7 8.4 4.6 | 6.9 44.4 225 11 6 9.1 5.0
10000 7.7 45.9 245 13 7 8.6 4.7 | 7.5 45.5 225 11 6 9.1 5.0
9750 8.3 46.9 245 13 7 8.7 4.8 | 8.2 46.8 225 11 6 9.1 5.0
9500 8.9 48.0 245 13 7 7.9 4.3 | 8.9 48.0 225 11 6 9.1 5.0
9250 9.5 49.1 245 13 7 7.7 4.2 | 9.5 49.1 220 11 5 9.4 5.2
9000 10.1 50.2 245 13 7 8.4 4.6 | 10.3 50.5 220 11 5 9.6 5.2
8750 10.7 51.3 240 13 6 8.5 4.6 | 11.0 51.8 220 10 5 9.8 5.4
8500 11.7 53.1 235 12 6 6.6 3.6 | 12.3 54.1 220 10 5 8.6 4.7
8250 12.2 54.0 230 12 6 7.3 4.0 | 13.0 55.4 215 10 5 10.1 5.6
8000 12.8 55.0 225 12 6 8.3 4.6 | 13.7 56.7 215 10 5 10.6 5.8
7750 13.3 55.9 220 12 6 6.0 3.3 | 14.5 58.1 215 10 5 9.6 5.3
7500 13.6 56.5 215 12 6 3.7 2.0 | 15.2 59.4 215 10 5 8.9 4.9
7250 13.9 57.0 215 12 6 5.9 3.2 | 15.9 60.6 215 10 5 10.6 5.8
7000 14.3 57.7 210 12 6 7.0 3.9 | 16.7 62.1 215 10 5 11.4 6.3
6750 14.8 58.6 205 12 6 6.8 3.8 | 17.5 63.5 215 10 5 10.3 5.7
6500 15.3 59.5 205 11 6 7.0 3.8 | 18.3 64.9 215 10 5 10.1 5.5
6250 15.8 60.4 200 11 6 7.5 4.1 | 19.0 66.2 210 10 5 9.5 5.2
6000 16.4 61.5 200 10 5 11.8 6.5 | 19.8 67.6 210 9 5 14.4 7.9
5750 17.7 63.9 200 9 5 26.7 14.6 | 22.0 71.6 210 9 4 54.3 29.8
5500 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
09/30/2025 at 1500 MDT | 09/30/2025 at 1800 MDT
|
CAPE... +68.2 LI... +1.4 | CAPE... +145.5 LI... -0.1
CINH... -38.6 K Index... +25.9 | CINH... -11.6 K Index... +30.9
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -65.1 -85.2 240 44 23 4.7 2.6 | -65.6 -86.1 255 41 21 3.5 1.9
45000 -57.4 -71.3 250 63 32 5.4 2.9 | -59.0 -74.2 265 53 27 6.0 3.3
40000 -49.4 -56.9 245 83 43 5.2 2.8 | -50.0 -58.0 275 54 28 5.6 3.1
38000 -46.3 -51.3 245 75 39 5.2 2.9 | -46.6 -51.9 270 54 28 5.6 3.1
36000 -43.2 -45.8 245 67 34 5.2 2.9 | -43.2 -45.8 270 54 28 5.6 3.1
34000 -39.6 -39.3 245 62 32 5.5 3.0 | -39.4 -38.9 270 53 27 6.6 3.6
32000 -36.3 -33.3 250 59 30 5.5 3.0 | -35.5 -31.9 275 51 26 6.6 3.6
30000 -32.5 -26.5 250 53 27 6.6 3.6 | -31.0 -23.8 275 49 25 7.8 4.3
29000 -30.5 -22.9 250 49 25 6.6 3.6 | -28.7 -19.7 275 48 25 7.8 4.3
28000 -28.5 -19.3 250 46 24 6.9 3.8 | -25.8 -14.4 275 47 24 6.1 3.4
27000 -26.2 -15.2 250 44 23 7.8 4.3 | -24.3 -11.7 270 44 23 5.1 2.8
26000 -23.9 -11.0 245 42 21 7.8 4.3 | -22.7 -8.9 265 42 22 5.2 2.8
25000 -21.6 -6.9 245 39 20 7.8 4.3 | -21.2 -6.2 260 40 21 5.2 2.8
24000 -19.2 -2.6 245 37 19 7.9 4.3 | -18.9 -2.0 260 37 19 8.4 4.6
23000 -16.9 1.6 250 35 18 7.9 4.3 | -16.3 2.7 265 34 18 8.4 4.6
22000 -13.9 7.0 250 33 17 7.8 4.3 | -13.8 7.2 265 32 16 8.1 4.4
21000 -11.6 11.1 250 30 16 7.8 4.3 | -11.8 10.8 265 31 16 6.5 3.6
20000 -9.3 15.3 250 28 14 7.8 4.3 | -9.8 14.4 265 30 16 6.6 3.6
19500 -8.1 17.4 250 26 14 7.9 4.3 | -8.9 16.0 265 30 15 7.0 3.8
19000 -7.0 19.4 250 25 13 7.0 3.9 | -8.2 17.2 265 30 16 2.4 1.3
18500 -5.9 21.4 250 24 12 7.1 3.9 | -7.9 17.8 260 31 16 2.5 1.4
18000 -4.9 23.2 250 23 12 6.2 3.4 | -7.7 18.1 260 32 16 3.6 1.9
17500 -4.1 24.6 255 22 11 5.1 2.8 | -7.0 19.4 260 31 16 5.7 3.1
17000 -3.4 25.9 260 22 11 5.8 3.2 | -6.3 20.7 260 29 15 5.6 3.1
16500 -3.2 26.2 260 21 11 -1.7 -0.9 | -5.4 22.3 265 28 14 7.1 3.9
16000 -3.5 25.7 260 22 11 -0.6 -0.3 | -4.4 24.1 265 26 13 7.1 3.9
15500 -3.5 25.7 260 22 11 3.9 2.1 | -3.4 25.9 270 24 12 7.3 4.0
15000 -2.8 27.0 260 21 11 5.6 3.1 | -2.3 27.9 270 22 11 7.4 4.1
14500 -2.1 28.2 260 20 10 6.8 3.8 | -1.2 29.8 265 20 10 7.9 4.3
14000 -0.9 30.4 260 19 10 8.7 4.8 | 0.1 32.2 265 18 9 9.0 4.9
13500 0.3 32.5 255 17 9 8.8 4.8 | 1.4 34.5 260 17 8 9.0 4.9
13000 1.6 34.9 255 16 8 9.0 4.9 | 2.8 37.0 255 15 8 9.5 5.2
12500 2.9 37.2 250 14 7 9.0 4.9 | 4.2 39.6 250 13 7 9.5 5.2
12000 4.3 39.7 245 13 7 9.3 5.1 | 5.6 42.1 245 12 6 9.3 5.1
11500 5.6 42.1 245 12 6 9.3 5.1 | 6.9 44.4 235 11 6 9.3 5.1
11000 7.0 44.6 245 12 6 9.3 5.1 | 8.3 46.9 230 10 5 9.1 5.0
10500 8.4 47.1 240 11 6 10.2 5.6 | 9.6 49.3 220 10 5 9.7 5.3
10250 9.2 48.6 240 11 6 10.1 5.6 | 11.0 51.8 215 9 5 9.2 5.0
10000 9.9 49.8 240 11 6 9.3 5.1 | 11.7 53.1 210 9 5 9.1 5.0
9750 10.6 51.1 235 10 5 9.4 5.2 | 12.4 54.3 205 9 5 9.8 5.4
9500 11.3 52.3 235 10 5 9.7 5.3 | 13.2 55.8 200 9 5 9.8 5.4
9250 12.0 53.6 235 10 5 9.8 5.4 | 13.8 56.8 200 9 5 9.1 5.0
9000 12.7 54.9 235 10 5 9.5 5.2 | 14.5 58.1 195 9 5 9.5 5.2
8750 13.4 56.1 230 10 5 9.9 5.4 | 15.2 59.4 190 9 5 8.9 4.9
8500 14.8 58.6 230 9 5 8.9 4.9 | 15.9 60.6 185 10 5 8.9 4.9
8250 15.5 59.9 225 9 5 10.2 5.6 | 16.6 61.9 185 10 5 9.9 5.4
8000 16.3 61.3 225 9 5 10.4 5.7 | 17.3 63.1 180 10 5 10.1 5.5
7750 17.0 62.6 225 9 5 9.9 5.4 | 18.1 64.6 180 10 5 9.8 5.4
7500 17.7 63.9 220 9 4 9.4 5.1 | 18.8 65.8 180 10 5 9.4 5.1
7250 18.4 65.1 220 9 4 10.2 5.6 | 19.5 67.1 175 10 5 9.6 5.3
7000 19.2 66.6 215 8 4 10.8 5.9 | 20.2 68.4 175 10 5 9.9 5.4
6750 20.0 68.0 215 8 4 10.3 5.7 | 21.0 69.8 175 10 5 9.9 5.4
6500 20.8 69.4 215 8 4 10.4 5.7 | 21.7 71.1 175 10 5 10.1 5.6
6250 21.5 70.7 210 8 4 9.1 5.0 | 22.5 72.5 170 10 5 9.3 5.1
6000 22.2 72.0 210 7 4 12.2 6.7 | 23.1 73.6 170 10 5 9.4 5.1
5750 24.2 75.6 205 7 4 49.3 27.0 | 24.1 75.4 170 9 5 20.7 11.4
5500 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
________________________________________________________________________________
This product is issued once per day, at approximately 730 AM.
It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance.
The information contained herein is based on rawinsonde observation and/or
numerical weather prediction model data taken at the Albuquerque International
Sunport site in Albuquerque, New Mexico at
North Latitude: 35.03806 deg
West Longitude: 106.62194 deg
Elevation: 5298.6 feet (1615 meters)
and may not be representative of other areas, especially along and east of
the Sandia and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground. Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.
The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice. Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.
DEFINITIONS:
CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
energy available for convective development, also known as the positive
area on a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. Larger
values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of
stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms. Values around or
greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
convective activity develop.
CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. The more negative
this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection. This
inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)
Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it
just becomes saturated. It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
produced by surface heating only.
Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level. It can be considered a
"trigger temperature" for that level.
Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.
Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above
mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists. The location and
existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain
waves.
K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface. Larger
positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of
thunderstorm development. One interpretation of K index values regarding
soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158
and is reproduced in the following table:
below -10 no or weak thermals
-10 to 5 dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
5 to 15 good soaring conditions
15 to 20 good soaring conditions with occasional showers
20 to 30 excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
probability of showers and thunderstorms
above 30 more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms
Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
inversions.
Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.
Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
level. The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum
temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
feet of the airmass. Negative values are indicative of instability with
positive values showing stable conditions.
Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals. It is
computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
are applied to these calculations.
Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.
Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals. It
is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures
between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet
above the ground. After this computation, further empirical adjustments
are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment.
Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds. Broken means that
between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights:
1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind speed no longer increases with height
PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
sea level). Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.
Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
and the time of overdevelopment.
Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level. Negative values
are indicative of thermal lift.
Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the
computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:
Maximum rate of lift Adjective Rating
>= 800 fpm Excellent
>= 400 and < 800 fpm Good
>= 200 and < 400 fpm Fair
< 200 fpm Poor
Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
3. initiation of widespread precipitation
Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
reach the trigger temperature.
Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.
Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which
attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
soaring into a single index number. Objective points are assigned to
these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough
movements.
042613
Soaring Forecast for Santa Fe NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0713 MDT Tuesday September 30 2025
This forecast is for Tuesday, September 30, 2025:
If the trigger temperature of 65.4 F/18.5 C is reached...then
Thermal Soaring Index....................... Good
Maximum rate of lift........................ 740 ft/min (3.8 m/s)
Maximum height of thermals.................. 15038 ft MSL (8580 ft AGL)
Forecast maximum temperature................... 73.0 F/23.2 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1130 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 11904 ft MSL (5446 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Wednesday 10/01.... Excellent
Remarks...
Sunrise/Sunset.................... 06:59:03 / 18:49:21 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 11 hr 50 min 18 sec (710 min 18 sec)
Altitude of sun at 12:54:12 MDT... 51.24 degrees
Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 09/30/2025 at 0600 MDT
Freezing level.................. 13315 ft MSL (6857 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 12133 ft MSL (5675 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 13373 ft MSL (6915 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -0.3
K index......................... +12.5
Height Temperature Wind Wind Spd Lapse Rate ConvectionT Thermal Lift Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft deg C deg F Index fpm m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -66.5 -87.7 245 30 15 3.7 2.0 76.7 170.1 31.9 M M
45000 -59.5 -75.1 255 47 24 6.1 3.4 64.0 147.2 26.2 M M
40000 -50.3 -58.5 260 62 32 6.3 3.5 56.2 133.1 22.6 M M
38000 -46.5 -51.7 265 60 31 6.3 3.5 52.9 127.2 20.9 M M
36000 -42.7 -44.9 265 58 30 6.3 3.5 50.3 122.5 19.6 M M
34000 -38.8 -37.8 270 55 29 6.5 3.6 47.4 117.2 18.0 M M
32000 -34.9 -30.8 270 52 27 6.6 3.6 44.9 112.8 16.5 M M
30000 -29.9 -21.8 265 42 22 7.8 4.3 42.7 108.9 15.4 M M
29000 -27.5 -17.5 265 37 19 7.8 4.3 42.0 107.6 15.0 M M
28000 -25.2 -13.4 255 32 16 6.8 3.7 41.4 106.5 14.7 M M
27000 -23.4 -10.1 260 29 15 6.1 3.4 39.9 103.8 13.6 M M
26000 -21.6 -6.9 265 28 14 6.2 3.4 38.5 101.3 12.7 M M
25000 -19.7 -3.5 275 26 13 6.1 3.4 37.3 99.1 11.8 M M
24000 -17.4 0.7 275 24 13 8.2 4.5 36.5 97.7 11.3 M M
23000 -14.9 5.2 280 23 12 8.2 4.5 35.9 96.7 10.9 M M
22000 -12.5 9.5 285 22 11 8.1 4.4 35.5 95.8 10.7 M M
21000 -10.4 13.3 285 20 10 6.7 3.7 34.4 93.9 9.9 M M
20000 -8.3 17.1 285 18 9 6.7 3.7 33.4 92.0 9.1 M M
19500 -7.3 18.9 285 17 9 6.8 3.7 32.9 91.2 8.7 M M
19000 -6.4 20.5 285 16 8 5.9 3.2 32.3 90.2 8.3 M M
18500 -5.5 22.1 280 14 7 5.8 3.2 31.6 89.0 7.7 M M
18000 -4.7 23.5 280 13 7 5.5 3.0 31.0 87.8 7.1 M M
17500 -4.1 24.6 275 12 6 3.6 2.0 30.0 86.1 6.3 M M
17000 -3.5 25.7 275 11 6 3.9 2.2 29.0 84.2 5.4 M M
16500 -3.2 26.2 270 11 5 0.6 0.3 27.8 82.1 4.3 M M
16000 -3.3 26.1 270 11 5 0.3 0.2 26.2 79.2 2.8 M M
15500 -3.4 25.9 270 11 6 1.6 0.9 24.6 76.4 1.2 M M
15000 -3.0 26.6 265 11 6 3.3 1.8 23.5 74.4 0.1 M M
14500 -2.6 27.3 260 12 6 3.8 2.1 22.5 72.5 -0.9 716 3.6
14000 -1.7 28.9 260 13 7 7.8 4.3 21.9 71.4 -1.6 675 3.4
13500 -0.7 30.7 255 13 7 7.5 4.1 21.5 70.8 -1.9 628 3.2
13000 0.5 32.9 255 14 7 8.5 4.6 21.2 70.2 -2.3 579 2.9
12500 2.3 36.1 250 15 8 8.2 4.5 20.9 69.7 -2.7 503 2.6
12000 3.4 38.1 250 15 8 8.0 4.4 20.6 69.2 -3.0 453 2.3
11500 4.6 40.3 245 16 8 8.1 4.4 20.4 68.7 -3.3 404 2.1
11000 5.7 42.3 240 16 8 7.5 4.1 20.1 68.1 -3.7 356 1.8
10500 6.8 44.2 240 16 8 7.0 3.9 19.7 67.5 -4.1 309 1.6
10250 7.2 45.0 235 16 8 6.9 3.8 19.5 67.1 -4.4 287 1.5
10000 7.8 46.0 235 15 8 7.4 4.1 19.3 66.7 -4.6 264 1.3
9750 8.3 46.9 235 15 8 7.4 4.1 19.1 66.4 -4.8 241 1.2
9500 8.8 47.8 230 14 7 6.8 3.8 18.9 66.1 -5.1 219 1.1
9250 9.2 48.6 230 13 7 6.6 3.6 18.7 65.6 -5.3 198 1.0
9000 9.8 49.6 230 11 6 7.2 3.9 18.5 65.2 -5.6 175 0.9
8750 10.3 50.5 225 10 5 7.1 3.9 18.3 64.9 -5.8 151 0.8
8500 10.8 51.4 225 8 4 6.7 3.7 18.1 64.5 -6.0 128 0.7
8250 11.3 52.3 225 6 3 6.4 3.5 17.8 64.1 -6.2 106 0.5
8000 11.8 53.2 220 5 2 6.4 3.5 17.6 63.6 -6.5 84 0.4
7750 12.3 54.1 210 3 2 5.9 3.3 17.3 63.1 -6.7 62 0.3
7500 12.7 54.9 190 2 1 5.2 2.8 17.0 62.6 -7.1 42 0.2
7250 13.1 55.6 170 2 1 4.5 2.4 16.6 61.9 -7.5 24 0.1
7000 13.4 56.1 145 2 1 5.7 3.1 16.2 61.2 -7.9 6 0.0
6750 13.7 56.7 130 2 1 -0.9 -0.5 15.8 60.4 -8.3 M M
6500 12.1 53.8 110 2 1 -53.2 -29.2 13.5 56.3 -10.7 30 0.2
* * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * *
09/30/2025 at 0900 MDT | 09/30/2025 at 1200 MDT
|
CAPE... +16.0 LI... +3.0 | CAPE... +32.9 LI... +1.8
CINH... -42.1 K Index... +12.7 | CINH... -22.1 K Index... +10.0
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -65.7 -86.3 245 32 17 4.9 2.7 | -65.3 -85.5 240 35 18 4.3 2.3
45000 -58.2 -72.8 250 50 26 5.4 2.9 | -57.9 -72.2 250 53 27 5.6 3.1
40000 -50.1 -58.2 250 69 36 5.5 3.0 | -49.5 -57.1 245 75 38 5.2 2.9
38000 -46.4 -51.5 255 66 34 5.5 3.0 | -46.4 -51.5 245 75 38 5.2 2.8
36000 -43.1 -45.6 255 64 33 5.4 3.0 | -43.2 -45.8 245 75 38 5.2 2.8
34000 -39.2 -38.6 255 59 30 6.6 3.6 | -39.6 -39.3 245 69 36 6.2 3.4
32000 -35.3 -31.5 255 54 28 6.6 3.6 | -35.9 -32.6 245 62 32 6.2 3.4
30000 -31.0 -23.8 255 45 23 7.3 4.0 | -31.4 -24.5 245 52 27 6.9 3.8
29000 -28.8 -19.8 255 40 20 7.3 4.0 | -29.3 -20.7 245 47 24 6.9 3.8
28000 -26.6 -15.9 250 34 18 7.2 3.9 | -27.2 -17.0 245 43 22 6.8 3.8
27000 -24.6 -12.3 255 32 17 6.6 3.6 | -25.2 -13.4 245 39 20 6.8 3.7
26000 -22.6 -8.7 255 30 16 6.6 3.6 | -23.1 -9.6 245 35 18 6.8 3.7
25000 -20.7 -5.3 260 28 15 6.5 3.6 | -21.1 -6.0 245 32 16 6.8 3.7
24000 -17.7 0.1 260 26 13 8.4 4.6 | -18.8 -1.8 245 29 15 8.0 4.4
23000 -15.2 4.6 265 24 12 8.4 4.6 | -16.4 2.5 245 27 14 8.0 4.4
22000 -12.7 9.1 265 22 11 8.1 4.5 | -14.0 6.8 245 24 12 8.0 4.4
21000 -10.5 13.1 265 20 10 7.5 4.1 | -11.6 11.1 250 23 12 7.8 4.3
20000 -8.2 17.2 270 18 9 7.5 4.1 | -9.3 15.3 255 22 11 7.8 4.3
19500 -7.1 19.2 270 17 9 7.7 4.2 | -8.1 17.4 260 21 11 7.9 4.3
19000 -6.1 21.0 270 16 8 5.4 2.9 | -7.0 19.4 260 21 11 6.9 3.8
18500 -5.3 22.5 265 15 8 5.4 3.0 | -6.0 21.2 260 21 11 6.8 3.7
18000 -4.5 23.9 260 14 7 5.0 2.7 | -4.9 23.2 260 21 11 6.4 3.5
17500 -3.9 25.0 260 14 7 4.0 2.2 | -4.2 24.4 260 20 11 4.8 2.6
17000 -3.3 26.1 255 14 7 4.6 2.5 | -3.5 25.7 260 20 10 5.0 2.8
16500 -3.1 26.4 255 13 7 -0.6 -0.3 | -2.9 26.8 255 20 10 2.8 1.5
16000 -3.3 26.1 250 13 6 -0.1 -0.1 | -2.6 27.3 255 18 9 2.8 1.5
15500 -3.4 25.9 250 12 6 2.3 1.3 | -2.2 28.0 250 17 9 3.1 1.7
15000 -2.9 26.8 250 12 6 3.9 2.1 | -1.8 28.8 250 16 8 3.4 1.9
14500 -2.4 27.7 250 12 6 4.7 2.6 | -1.4 29.5 245 15 8 4.0 2.2
14000 -1.5 29.3 250 12 6 6.6 3.6 | -0.6 30.9 245 14 7 6.2 3.4
13500 -0.6 30.9 255 12 6 6.6 3.6 | 0.2 32.4 245 14 7 6.1 3.4
13000 0.5 32.9 255 13 7 8.0 4.4 | 1.1 34.0 250 15 7 6.6 3.6
12500 1.6 34.9 255 13 7 7.8 4.3 | 2.5 36.5 250 15 8 7.0 3.9
12000 2.8 37.0 255 14 7 8.3 4.5 | 3.5 38.3 250 14 7 7.6 4.2
11500 4.0 39.2 255 14 7 8.1 4.4 | 4.5 40.1 250 14 7 7.6 4.2
11000 5.1 41.2 255 15 8 7.7 4.3 | 5.7 42.3 250 13 7 8.5 4.7
10500 6.8 44.2 250 15 8 6.8 3.7 | 6.9 44.4 250 13 6 9.4 5.2
10250 7.2 45.0 245 15 8 6.0 3.3 | 7.7 45.9 250 13 6 9.9 5.4
10000 7.6 45.7 245 15 8 6.7 3.7 | 8.3 46.9 250 12 6 9.1 5.0
9750 8.1 46.6 240 14 7 6.6 3.6 | 9.0 48.2 250 12 6 9.2 5.1
9500 8.5 47.3 240 14 7 6.7 3.7 | 9.7 49.5 250 12 6 9.5 5.2
9250 9.0 48.2 235 12 6 6.6 3.6 | 10.4 50.7 250 12 6 9.7 5.3
9000 9.4 48.9 235 11 6 6.6 3.6 | 11.1 52.0 250 11 6 9.5 5.2
8750 9.9 49.8 230 10 5 6.6 3.6 | 11.8 53.2 250 11 6 9.6 5.2
8500 10.4 50.7 225 8 4 6.2 3.4 | 12.6 54.7 245 11 6 9.6 5.3
8250 10.8 51.4 225 6 3 6.3 3.5 | 13.3 55.9 245 11 6 9.9 5.4
8000 11.3 52.3 215 5 3 7.6 4.2 | 14.0 57.2 245 11 5 10.4 5.7
7750 11.9 53.4 210 4 2 7.8 4.3 | 14.8 58.6 245 10 5 10.5 5.8
7500 12.5 54.5 200 4 2 7.2 3.9 | 15.6 60.1 245 10 5 10.3 5.6
7250 13.0 55.4 190 3 2 7.1 3.9 | 16.3 61.3 245 10 5 10.5 5.8
7000 13.5 56.3 180 3 2 8.0 4.4 | 17.1 62.8 245 10 5 9.5 5.2
6750 14.2 57.6 175 3 1 11.8 6.5 | 17.9 64.2 245 9 5 14.3 7.8
6500 15.4 59.7 175 3 1 20.2 11.1 | 20.1 68.2 245 8 4 54.6 30.0
09/30/2025 at 1500 MDT | 09/30/2025 at 1800 MDT
|
CAPE... +47.5 LI... +1.8 | CAPE... +55.4 LI... +0.7
CINH... -26.7 K Index... +16.5 | CINH... -52.5 K Index... +27.8
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -64.5 -84.1 240 42 22 4.4 2.4 | -65.0 -85.0 250 44 23 4.2 2.3
45000 -57.0 -70.6 245 61 31 5.3 2.9 | -57.7 -71.9 260 56 29 5.5 3.0
40000 -49.1 -56.4 245 83 43 4.9 2.7 | -49.5 -57.1 270 62 32 4.5 2.4
38000 -46.1 -51.0 245 74 38 4.9 2.7 | -46.8 -52.2 270 61 31 4.5 2.4
36000 -43.1 -45.6 245 66 34 4.9 2.7 | -44.1 -47.4 265 59 30 4.5 2.5
34000 -40.2 -40.4 245 62 32 5.0 2.7 | -40.4 -40.7 270 57 29 6.7 3.7
32000 -37.2 -35.0 245 59 30 5.0 2.7 | -36.4 -33.5 275 56 29 6.7 3.7
30000 -33.4 -28.1 245 53 28 7.1 3.9 | -32.3 -26.1 270 53 27 7.1 3.9
29000 -30.7 -23.3 245 49 25 7.1 3.9 | -29.6 -21.3 265 51 26 7.1 3.9
28000 -28.6 -19.5 245 46 23 7.4 4.0 | -27.5 -17.5 265 49 25 6.7 3.7
27000 -26.3 -15.3 245 43 22 7.6 4.2 | -25.6 -14.1 260 45 23 6.4 3.5
26000 -24.0 -11.2 245 41 21 7.6 4.2 | -23.7 -10.7 260 41 21 6.4 3.5
25000 -21.7 -7.1 245 38 20 7.6 4.2 | -21.8 -7.2 255 37 19 6.1 3.4
24000 -19.3 -2.7 245 36 19 8.1 4.4 | -19.4 -2.9 255 35 18 8.6 4.7
23000 -16.9 1.6 245 34 17 8.1 4.4 | -16.8 1.8 260 33 17 8.6 4.7
22000 -14.5 5.9 245 32 16 8.0 4.4 | -14.2 6.4 260 30 16 8.5 4.6
21000 -12.1 10.2 250 30 15 7.9 4.4 | -12.2 10.0 260 29 15 6.5 3.6
20000 -9.7 14.5 250 27 14 8.0 4.4 | -10.2 13.6 260 28 14 6.5 3.6
19500 -8.5 16.7 250 26 13 8.0 4.4 | -9.3 15.3 260 27 14 6.8 3.7
19000 -7.4 18.7 250 25 13 6.8 3.7 | -8.5 16.7 265 26 14 3.4 1.9
18500 -6.4 20.5 250 24 12 6.6 3.6 | -8.1 17.4 265 27 14 3.1 1.7
18000 -5.4 22.3 255 23 12 6.2 3.4 | -7.8 18.0 270 27 14 3.4 1.9
17500 -4.7 23.5 255 22 11 4.0 2.2 | -7.3 18.9 270 27 14 4.3 2.4
17000 -4.2 24.4 260 21 11 4.5 2.5 | -6.7 19.9 275 27 14 4.2 2.3
16500 -3.8 25.2 265 20 10 0.1 0.1 | -6.0 21.2 275 27 14 7.6 4.2
16000 -4.0 24.8 265 19 10 0.3 0.2 | -4.8 23.4 275 26 13 7.9 4.3
15500 -4.2 24.4 270 17 9 3.3 1.8 | -3.7 25.3 275 25 13 8.4 4.6
15000 -3.3 26.1 265 16 8 6.2 3.4 | -2.4 27.7 275 23 12 8.9 4.9
14500 -2.5 27.5 265 15 8 6.9 3.8 | -1.1 30.0 275 22 11 8.9 4.9
14000 -1.3 29.7 260 15 8 9.1 5.0 | 0.2 32.4 270 21 11 8.4 4.6
13500 0.0 32.0 255 14 7 8.9 4.9 | 1.4 34.5 270 19 10 8.4 4.6
13000 1.4 34.5 255 14 7 9.5 5.2 | 2.7 36.9 270 18 9 8.5 4.7
12500 2.8 37.0 255 14 7 9.5 5.2 | 3.9 39.0 270 16 8 8.5 4.6
12000 4.9 40.8 250 14 7 9.5 5.2 | 5.9 42.6 270 13 7 9.0 4.9
11500 6.3 43.3 250 14 7 9.5 5.2 | 7.2 45.0 265 12 6 8.8 4.8
11000 7.7 45.9 245 14 7 9.5 5.2 | 8.5 47.3 265 12 6 9.1 5.0
10500 9.1 48.4 245 15 8 9.8 5.4 | 9.9 49.8 265 11 6 8.6 4.7
10250 9.9 49.8 245 15 8 9.8 5.4 | 10.5 50.9 260 11 6 8.7 4.8
10000 10.6 51.1 245 15 8 9.4 5.2 | 11.2 52.2 260 11 6 9.6 5.3
9750 11.3 52.3 245 15 8 9.5 5.2 | 11.9 53.4 260 11 6 9.4 5.2
9500 12.0 53.6 240 15 8 9.7 5.3 | 12.6 54.7 255 11 6 9.4 5.2
9250 12.7 54.9 240 15 8 9.8 5.3 | 13.3 55.9 260 10 5 9.4 5.2
9000 13.5 56.3 240 15 8 9.4 5.2 | 14.0 57.2 260 11 5 9.5 5.2
8750 14.2 57.6 240 15 8 9.5 5.2 | 14.7 58.5 260 11 5 9.5 5.2
8500 14.9 58.8 240 15 8 9.8 5.4 | 15.4 59.7 260 11 5 9.6 5.3
8250 15.6 60.1 240 15 8 10.2 5.6 | 16.1 61.0 260 10 5 9.7 5.3
8000 16.4 61.5 240 15 8 10.4 5.7 | 16.9 62.4 260 10 5 9.6 5.3
7750 17.2 63.0 240 15 8 10.5 5.7 | 17.6 63.7 260 10 5 9.7 5.3
7500 17.9 64.2 235 15 8 10.3 5.6 | 18.3 64.9 260 10 5 9.9 5.4
7250 18.7 65.7 235 15 8 10.6 5.8 | 19.1 66.4 265 9 5 10.1 5.5
7000 19.5 67.1 235 15 8 9.3 5.1 | 19.8 67.6 265 9 5 9.2 5.0
6750 20.2 68.4 235 14 7 13.5 7.4 | 20.4 68.7 265 8 4 8.3 4.5
6500 22.4 72.3 235 13 7 56.5 31.0 | 21.1 70.0 265 7 3 14.5 8.0
________________________________________________________________________________
This product is issued once per day, at approximately 730 AM local
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance.
The information contained herein is based on numerical weather prediction
model data for the Santa Fe County Municipal Airport site in Santa Fe, New Mexico at
North Latitude: 35.61097 deg
West Longitude: 106.61097 deg
Elevation: 6279.5 feet (1936.0 meters)
and may not be representative of other areas along and east of the Sandia
and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground. Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.
The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice. Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.
DEFINITIONS:
CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
energy available for convective development, also known as the positive
area on a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. Larger
values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of
stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms. Values around or
greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
convective activity develop.
CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. The more negative
this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection. This
inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)
Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it
just becomes saturated. It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
produced by surface heating only.
Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level. It can be considered a
"trigger temperature" for that level.
Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.
Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above
mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists. The location and
existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain
waves.
K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface. Larger
positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of
thunderstorm development. One interpretation of K index values regarding
soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158
and is reproduced in the following table:
below -10 no or weak thermals
-10 to 5 dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
5 to 15 good soaring conditions
15 to 20 good soaring conditions with occasional showers
20 to 30 excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
probability of showers and thunderstorms
above 30 more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms
Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
inversions.
Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.
Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
level. The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum
temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
feet of the airmass. Negative values are indicative of instability with
positive values showing stable conditions.
Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals. It is
computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
are applied to these calculations.
Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.
Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals. It
is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures
between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet
above the ground. After this computation, further empirical adjustments
are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment.
Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds. Broken means that
between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights:
1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind speed no longer increases with height
PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
sea level). Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.
Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
and the time of overdevelopment.
Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level. Negative values
are indicative of thermal lift.
Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the
computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:
Maximum rate of lift Adjective Rating
>= 800 fpm Excellent
>= 400 and < 800 fpm Good
>= 200 and < 400 fpm Fair
< 200 fpm Poor
Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
3. initiation of widespread precipitation
Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
reach the trigger temperature.
Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.
Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which
attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
soaring into a single index number. Objective points are assigned to
these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough
movements.
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