Soaring Forecast for Moriarty NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0744 MDT Wednesday April 30 2025
This forecast is for Wednesday, April 30, 2025:
If the trigger temperature of 55.6 F/13.1 C is reached...then
Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
Maximum rate of lift........................ 1687 ft/min (8.6 m/s)
Maximum height of thermals.................. 27000 ft MSL (20658 ft AGL)
Forecast maximum temperature................... 70.0 F/21.6 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1000 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... Broken/overcast opaque middle
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 20841 ft MSL (14499 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Thursday 05/01..... Excellent
Remarks...
Sunrise/Sunset.................... 06:13:33 / 19:48:45 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 13 hr 35 min 12 sec (815 min 12 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:01:09 MDT... 70.05 degrees
Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 04/30/2025 at 0600 MDT
Freezing level.................. 10784 ft MSL (4442 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 13386 ft MSL (7044 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 16256 ft MSL (9913 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -7.4
K index......................... +16.1
Height Temperature Wind Wind Spd Lapse Rate ConvectionT Thermal Lift Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft deg C deg F Index fpm m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -56.8 -70.2 230 31 16 2.2 1.2 98.8 209.8 45.2 M M
45000 -53.3 -63.9 240 37 19 1.7 0.9 80.8 177.5 37.1 M M
40000 -50.9 -59.6 250 30 15 1.6 0.9 61.5 142.7 26.8 M M
38000 -49.9 -57.8 250 28 14 1.4 0.8 54.3 129.8 22.6 M M
36000 -49.1 -56.4 235 28 14 1.4 0.8 47.0 116.6 18.1 M M
34000 -48.2 -54.8 225 30 15 0.6 0.3 40.4 104.7 13.8 M M
32000 -48.1 -54.6 210 32 17 0.2 0.1 31.2 88.1 7.4 M M
30000 -47.4 -53.3 200 34 18 7.3 4.0 24.6 76.3 2.6 M M
29000 -45.4 -49.7 205 32 16 6.7 3.7 23.3 73.9 1.7 M M
28000 -43.4 -46.1 205 29 15 6.7 3.7 22.1 71.8 0.8 M M
27000 -41.4 -42.5 205 26 13 7.1 3.9 21.1 70.0 -0.0 2086 10.6
26000 -38.9 -38.0 210 26 13 8.6 4.7 20.5 68.9 -0.5 1981 10.1
25000 -36.3 -33.3 215 26 13 8.6 4.7 20.1 68.1 -0.9 1875 9.5
24000 -33.7 -28.7 220 26 13 8.6 4.7 19.7 67.5 -1.1 1768 9.0
23000 -31.3 -24.3 220 25 13 8.0 4.4 19.1 66.3 -1.7 1666 8.5
22000 -29.0 -20.2 230 24 13 8.0 4.4 18.4 65.2 -2.3 1566 8.0
21000 -26.6 -15.9 235 24 12 8.0 4.4 17.9 64.2 -2.8 1465 7.4
20000 -24.2 -11.6 235 24 12 7.9 4.4 17.2 62.9 -3.5 1365 6.9
19500 -23.1 -9.6 235 24 13 8.0 4.4 16.9 62.3 -3.8 1315 6.7
19000 -21.9 -7.4 240 25 13 8.0 4.4 16.6 61.8 -4.1 1265 6.4
18500 -20.1 -4.2 240 25 13 8.9 4.9 16.2 61.2 -4.5 1188 6.0
18000 -18.7 -1.7 240 24 12 8.9 4.9 16.1 60.9 -4.6 1133 5.8
17500 -17.4 0.7 240 23 12 8.9 4.9 15.9 60.7 -4.7 1079 5.5
17000 -16.1 3.0 240 23 12 8.8 4.8 15.8 60.4 -4.9 1025 5.2
16500 -14.8 5.4 240 22 12 8.8 4.8 15.6 60.1 -5.1 971 4.9
16000 -13.5 7.7 240 22 11 8.3 4.5 15.4 59.7 -5.3 918 4.7
15500 -12.3 9.9 240 21 11 8.3 4.6 15.2 59.3 -5.6 866 4.4
15000 -11.0 12.2 240 20 10 8.5 4.7 14.9 58.9 -5.8 814 4.1
14500 -9.8 14.4 240 18 9 8.5 4.7 14.7 58.5 -6.1 762 3.9
14000 -8.5 16.7 240 17 9 8.7 4.8 14.6 58.2 -6.3 709 3.6
13500 -7.2 19.0 245 15 8 8.7 4.8 14.4 57.9 -6.5 656 3.3
13000 -5.9 21.4 245 13 7 9.0 4.9 14.2 57.6 -6.7 603 3.1
12500 -4.6 23.7 250 12 6 9.2 5.0 14.1 57.4 -6.9 547 2.8
12000 -3.2 26.2 260 11 5 9.2 5.0 14.1 57.3 -7.0 492 2.5
11500 -1.9 28.6 265 9 5 9.3 5.1 14.0 57.1 -7.2 436 2.2
11000 -0.6 30.9 275 9 4 8.4 4.6 13.8 56.8 -7.4 383 1.9
10500 0.7 33.3 280 8 4 9.0 5.0 13.6 56.6 -7.6 330 1.7
10250 1.4 34.5 285 8 4 8.4 4.6 13.6 56.4 -7.7 303 1.5
10000 1.9 35.4 285 8 4 7.8 4.3 13.4 56.2 -7.8 278 1.4
9750 2.5 36.5 290 8 4 8.2 4.5 13.3 55.9 -8.0 253 1.3
9500 3.1 37.6 290 8 4 8.0 4.4 13.2 55.7 -8.2 228 1.2
9250 3.7 38.7 290 9 4 8.6 4.7 13.1 55.5 -8.4 204 1.0
9000 4.3 39.7 295 9 4 7.9 4.3 13.0 55.3 -8.5 178 0.9
8750 4.7 40.5 295 9 4 5.5 3.0 12.7 54.9 -8.8 157 0.8
8500 5.1 41.2 300 8 4 5.1 2.8 12.4 54.2 -9.2 139 0.7
8250 5.5 41.9 300 8 4 4.5 2.5 12.0 53.6 -9.6 121 0.6
8000 5.7 42.3 300 8 4 2.7 1.5 11.5 52.8 -10.1 107 0.5
7750 5.8 42.4 305 7 4 1.6 0.9 11.0 51.7 -10.7 96 0.5
7500 5.9 42.6 310 6 3 1.4 0.8 10.3 50.6 -11.4 86 0.4
7250 5.9 42.6 310 5 3 1.0 0.6 9.7 49.4 -12.1 77 0.4
7000 5.9 42.6 315 4 2 -0.1 -0.0 9.0 48.2 -12.9 69 0.4
6750 5.9 42.6 325 4 2 2.0 1.1 8.3 46.9 -13.6 62 0.3
6500 6.0 42.8 335 3 2 -2.9 -1.6 7.6 45.8 -14.3 52 0.3
6250 M M M M M M M M M M M M
* * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * *
04/30/2025 at 0900 MDT | 04/30/2025 at 1200 MDT
|
CAPE... +217.0 LI... -0.9 | CAPE... +192.3 LI... -0.7
CINH... -29.6 K Index... +19.0 | CINH... 0.0 K Index... +18.4
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -57.4 -71.3 245 30 15 1.8 1.0 | -57.2 -71.0 250 31 16 1.8 1.0
45000 -54.6 -66.3 250 33 17 2.3 1.3 | -54.4 -65.9 265 37 19 1.4 0.7
40000 -51.1 -60.0 255 25 13 2.3 1.3 | -52.3 -62.1 275 32 16 1.4 0.8
38000 -49.6 -57.3 260 23 12 2.6 1.4 | -51.4 -60.5 285 32 17 1.6 0.9
36000 -48.1 -54.6 260 23 12 2.6 1.4 | -50.4 -58.7 305 38 20 1.6 0.9
34000 -46.5 -51.7 265 22 11 1.3 0.7 | -49.1 -56.4 315 45 23 3.6 2.0
32000 -45.9 -50.6 280 15 8 0.9 0.5 | -47.0 -52.6 320 45 23 3.5 1.9
30000 -45.2 -49.4 305 11 6 3.6 2.0 | -44.7 -48.5 330 43 22 4.6 2.5
29000 -44.2 -47.6 315 9 4 3.4 1.9 | -43.3 -45.9 330 39 20 4.6 2.5
28000 -43.1 -45.6 325 7 3 3.4 1.9 | -41.9 -43.4 335 35 18 4.6 2.5
27000 -42.1 -43.8 345 5 3 4.4 2.4 | -40.6 -41.1 340 32 16 5.8 3.2
26000 -39.7 -39.5 340 5 3 8.7 4.8 | -38.2 -36.8 340 28 14 8.0 4.4
25000 -37.2 -35.0 330 5 3 8.7 4.8 | -35.8 -32.4 335 25 13 8.0 4.4
24000 -34.6 -30.3 320 6 3 8.7 4.8 | -33.4 -28.1 330 21 11 8.1 4.5
23000 -31.9 -25.4 315 7 4 8.8 4.8 | -30.9 -23.6 335 20 10 8.7 4.8
22000 -29.3 -20.7 315 9 5 8.8 4.8 | -28.3 -18.9 345 19 10 8.7 4.8
21000 -26.7 -16.1 315 11 5 8.5 4.7 | -25.7 -14.3 355 19 10 8.4 4.6
20000 -24.2 -11.6 315 9 5 8.3 4.5 | -23.2 -9.8 355 18 9 8.3 4.6
19500 -23.0 -9.4 315 9 4 8.3 4.5 | -22.0 -7.6 355 18 9 8.3 4.6
19000 -21.8 -7.2 310 8 4 8.3 4.5 | -20.8 -5.4 355 17 9 8.3 4.6
18500 -20.0 -4.0 300 7 4 7.5 4.1 | -18.9 -2.0 355 17 9 8.2 4.5
18000 -18.8 -1.8 285 8 4 7.5 4.1 | -17.7 0.1 355 16 8 8.2 4.5
17500 -17.7 0.1 270 9 5 7.6 4.2 | -16.5 2.3 355 16 8 8.1 4.4
17000 -16.6 2.1 265 11 6 7.7 4.2 | -15.3 4.5 350 15 8 8.0 4.4
16500 -15.5 4.1 260 12 6 7.8 4.3 | -14.1 6.6 350 14 7 7.8 4.3
16000 -14.3 6.3 260 13 7 8.2 4.5 | -13.1 8.4 340 13 7 6.1 3.4
15500 -13.1 8.4 260 13 7 8.2 4.5 | -12.3 9.9 335 13 7 6.1 3.3
15000 -11.8 10.8 260 13 7 8.7 4.8 | -11.2 11.8 325 12 6 8.9 4.9
14500 -10.6 12.9 260 12 6 8.7 4.8 | -9.9 14.2 320 12 6 8.8 4.8
14000 -9.3 15.3 265 12 6 9.1 5.0 | -8.6 16.5 320 12 6 9.2 5.0
13500 -7.9 17.8 270 11 6 9.2 5.1 | -7.2 19.0 315 12 6 9.3 5.1
13000 -6.5 20.3 275 10 5 9.4 5.2 | -5.8 21.6 315 13 6 9.3 5.1
12500 -5.1 22.8 285 10 5 9.5 5.2 | -4.5 23.9 315 13 6 9.3 5.1
12000 -3.7 25.3 290 9 5 9.8 5.4 | -3.1 26.4 315 13 7 9.6 5.3
11500 -2.2 28.0 295 9 5 10.1 5.6 | -1.6 29.1 310 13 7 9.9 5.4
11000 -0.8 30.6 295 9 5 8.1 4.4 | -0.2 31.6 310 13 7 9.2 5.0
10500 0.4 32.7 295 9 5 7.7 4.2 | 1.2 34.2 305 13 7 9.5 5.2
10250 0.9 33.6 295 9 5 8.2 4.5 | 1.9 35.4 305 13 7 9.5 5.2
10000 1.5 34.7 295 9 5 7.2 3.9 | 2.6 36.7 305 13 7 9.5 5.2
9750 1.9 35.4 295 9 5 6.0 3.3 | 3.4 38.1 305 14 7 9.7 5.3
9500 2.4 36.3 290 10 5 6.1 3.3 | 4.1 39.4 305 14 7 9.4 5.2
9250 2.8 37.0 290 10 5 6.8 3.8 | 4.8 40.6 300 14 7 10.5 5.8
9000 3.3 37.9 290 11 6 7.8 4.3 | 5.6 42.1 300 14 7 10.9 6.0
8750 3.9 39.0 285 11 6 7.0 3.8 | 6.4 43.5 300 14 7 9.5 5.2
8500 4.3 39.7 285 12 6 6.1 3.4 | 7.1 44.8 300 15 8 9.2 5.0
8250 4.8 40.6 285 12 6 7.7 4.2 | 7.8 46.0 295 15 8 9.9 5.4
8000 5.5 41.9 285 13 7 9.7 5.3 | 8.6 47.5 295 15 8 10.8 5.9
7750 6.2 43.2 280 13 7 9.2 5.1 | 9.3 48.7 295 15 8 10.2 5.6
7500 6.8 44.2 280 13 7 8.6 4.7 | 10.1 50.2 295 15 8 9.8 5.4
7250 7.5 45.5 280 13 7 9.5 5.2 | 10.8 51.4 295 15 8 10.4 5.7
7000 8.3 46.9 280 13 7 10.5 5.8 | 11.6 52.9 290 15 8 11.4 6.3
6750 9.0 48.2 280 13 7 9.6 5.3 | 12.5 54.5 290 15 8 10.6 5.5
6500 9.8 49.6 280 12 6 13.5 7.4 | 13.3 55.9 290 15 8 17.0 9.4
6250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
04/30/2025 at 1500 MDT | 04/30/2025 at 1800 MDT
|
CAPE... +27.0 LI... +0.1 | CAPE... 0.0 LI... +2.6
CINH... -0.9 K Index... +17.5 | CINH... 0.0 K Index... +3.1
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -56.8 -70.2 255 27 14 1.7 0.9 | -57.8 -72.0 255 25 13 1.8 1.0
45000 -54.2 -65.6 265 32 16 0.1 0.0 | -55.2 -67.4 265 30 15 -1.7 -0.9
40000 -54.0 -65.2 280 35 18 0.2 0.1 | -57.1 -70.8 285 37 19 -1.3 -0.7
38000 -54.0 -65.2 285 39 20 -0.3 -0.1 | -56.9 -70.4 285 41 21 1.7 0.9
36000 -54.2 -65.6 295 47 24 -0.3 -0.1 | -55.8 -68.4 290 47 24 1.7 0.9
34000 -53.5 -64.3 300 54 28 9.1 5.0 | -54.0 -65.2 290 50 26 8.6 4.7
32000 -47.9 -54.2 305 53 27 8.3 4.6 | -48.3 -54.9 295 43 22 8.4 4.6
30000 -43.0 -45.4 315 52 27 7.7 4.2 | -43.3 -45.9 295 38 20 8.3 4.5
29000 -40.7 -41.3 320 50 26 7.7 4.2 | -40.8 -41.4 300 37 19 8.3 4.5
28000 -38.4 -37.1 325 48 25 7.7 4.2 | -38.3 -36.9 300 36 18 8.3 4.5
27000 -36.1 -33.0 330 46 24 7.4 4.1 | -35.8 -32.4 300 35 18 8.5 4.7
26000 -33.9 -29.0 335 44 22 7.4 4.0 | -33.2 -27.8 305 33 17 8.5 4.7
25000 -31.7 -25.1 340 41 21 7.4 4.0 | -30.7 -23.3 305 31 16 8.5 4.7
24000 -29.5 -21.1 345 39 20 6.9 3.8 | -28.1 -18.6 310 30 15 7.8 4.3
23000 -27.7 -17.9 340 34 18 6.0 3.3 | -25.9 -14.6 310 28 14 7.5 4.1
22000 -25.9 -14.6 335 29 15 6.0 3.3 | -23.6 -10.5 310 26 14 7.5 4.1
21000 -24.1 -11.4 330 25 13 7.5 4.1 | -21.4 -6.5 315 25 13 7.2 3.9
20000 -21.7 -7.1 330 22 12 7.9 4.3 | -19.3 -2.7 310 24 12 7.2 4.0
19500 -20.6 -5.1 325 21 11 7.9 4.3 | -18.2 -0.8 310 23 12 7.2 4.0
19000 -19.4 -2.9 325 20 10 7.9 4.3 | -17.1 1.2 310 22 11 7.2 4.0
18500 -17.7 0.1 320 19 10 6.7 3.7 | -15.5 4.1 305 22 11 7.2 4.0
18000 -16.8 1.8 320 18 10 6.9 3.8 | -14.4 6.1 305 22 11 7.2 4.0
17500 -15.7 3.7 315 18 9 8.1 4.5 | -13.4 7.9 300 22 12 7.7 4.2
17000 -14.5 5.9 315 18 9 8.7 4.8 | -12.2 10.0 300 23 12 7.8 4.3
16500 -13.2 8.2 310 18 9 8.9 4.9 | -11.0 12.2 295 23 12 7.6 4.2
16000 -11.8 10.8 310 18 9 9.6 5.3 | -10.0 14.0 295 24 12 6.9 3.8
15500 -10.3 13.5 305 19 10 9.6 5.3 | -9.0 15.8 295 24 12 6.9 3.8
15000 -8.9 16.0 305 19 10 9.5 5.2 | -7.8 18.0 295 24 12 9.2 5.0
14500 -7.5 18.5 305 19 10 9.5 5.2 | -6.5 20.3 295 24 12 8.9 4.9
14000 -6.1 21.0 305 19 10 9.4 5.1 | -5.1 22.8 290 24 12 9.8 5.4
13500 -4.7 23.5 305 19 10 9.3 5.1 | -3.6 25.5 290 24 12 9.9 5.4
13000 -3.3 26.1 305 19 10 9.4 5.2 | -2.2 28.0 290 24 12 9.6 5.3
12500 -1.8 28.8 300 20 10 9.5 5.2 | -0.7 30.7 295 24 12 9.6 5.3
12000 -0.4 31.3 300 20 10 9.6 5.3 | 0.7 33.3 295 24 12 9.6 5.3
11500 1.0 33.8 300 21 11 9.7 5.3 | 2.1 35.8 295 24 12 9.6 5.3
11000 2.4 36.3 300 21 11 9.4 5.2 | 3.6 38.5 295 24 12 9.9 5.4
10500 3.9 39.0 300 22 11 10.1 5.5 | 5.1 41.2 295 24 13 10.0 5.5
10250 4.6 40.3 300 22 11 9.1 5.0 | 5.8 42.4 295 24 13 9.6 5.3
10000 5.3 41.5 295 22 11 9.1 5.0 | 6.5 43.7 295 24 13 9.3 5.1
9750 6.0 42.8 295 22 11 10.4 5.7 | 7.2 45.0 295 24 13 9.7 5.3
9500 6.8 44.2 295 22 12 9.7 5.3 | 7.9 46.2 295 25 13 9.0 5.0
9250 7.5 45.5 295 23 12 11.3 6.2 | 8.7 47.7 295 25 13 11.1 6.1
9000 8.4 47.1 295 23 12 11.1 6.1 | 9.5 49.1 295 25 13 10.9 6.0
8750 9.1 48.4 295 23 12 9.1 5.0 | 10.2 50.4 300 25 13 8.7 4.7
8500 9.8 49.6 295 23 12 9.3 5.1 | 10.9 51.6 300 25 13 9.1 5.0
8250 10.5 50.9 295 23 12 9.7 5.3 | 11.6 52.9 300 25 13 9.4 5.2
8000 11.3 52.3 295 23 12 10.4 5.7 | 12.3 54.1 300 25 13 10.1 5.5
7750 12.1 53.8 295 23 12 10.1 5.5 | 13.1 55.6 300 24 13 9.6 5.3
7500 12.8 55.0 295 23 12 9.5 5.2 | 13.8 56.8 300 24 13 9.1 5.0
7250 13.5 56.3 295 23 12 10.6 5.8 | 14.5 58.1 300 24 12 9.9 5.4
7000 14.4 57.9 290 23 12 12.1 6.7 | 15.2 59.4 300 24 12 10.8 5.9
6750 15.3 59.5 290 22 11 10.9 6.0 | 16.0 60.8 300 23 12 10.2 5.6
6500 16.2 61.2 290 21 11 17.0 9.3 | 16.8 62.2 305 21 11 12.2 6.7
6250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
________________________________________________________________________________
This product is issued once per day, at approximately 730 AM local
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance.
The information contained herein is based on numerical weather prediction
model data for the Moriarty Municipal Airport site in Moriarty, New Mexico at
North Latitude: 34.9781667 deg
West Longitude: 106.0000278 deg
Elevation: 6204.2 feet (1891.0 meters)
and may not be representative of other areas along and east of the Sandia
and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground. Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.
The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice. Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.
DEFINITIONS:
CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
energy available for convective development, also known as the positive
area on a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. Larger
values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of
stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms. Values around or
greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
convective activity develop.
CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. The more negative
this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection. This
inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)
Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it
just becomes saturated. It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
produced by surface heating only.
Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level. It can be considered a
"trigger temperature" for that level.
Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.
Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above
mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists. The location and
existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain
waves.
K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface. Larger
positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of
thunderstorm development. One interpretation of K index values regarding
soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158
and is reproduced in the following table:
below -10 no or weak thermals
-10 to 5 dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
5 to 15 good soaring conditions
15 to 20 good soaring conditions with occasional showers
20 to 30 excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
probability of showers and thunderstorms
above 30 more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms
Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
inversions.
Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.
Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
level. The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum
temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
feet of the airmass. Negative values are indicative of instability with
positive values showing stable conditions.
Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals. It is
computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
are applied to these calculations.
Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.
Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals. It
is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures
between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet
above the ground. After this computation, further empirical adjustments
are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment.
Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds. Broken means that
between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights:
1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind speed no longer increases with height
PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
sea level). Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.
Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
and the time of overdevelopment.
Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level. Negative values
are indicative of thermal lift.
Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the
computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:
Maximum rate of lift Adjective Rating
>= 800 fpm Excellent
>= 400 and < 800 fpm Good
>= 200 and < 400 fpm Fair
< 200 fpm Poor
Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
3. initiation of widespread precipitation
Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
reach the trigger temperature.
Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.
Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which
attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
soaring into a single index number. Objective points are assigned to
these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough
movements.
042613
Soaring Forecast for Albuquerque NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0739 MDT Wednesday April 30 2025
This forecast is for Wednesday, April 30, 2025:
If the trigger temperature of 58.4 F/14.7 C is reached...then
Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
Maximum rate of lift........................ 1784 ft/min (9.1 m/s)
Maximum height of thermals.................. 27291 ft MSL (21992 ft AGL)
Forecast maximum temperature................... 75.0 F/24.3 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1030 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... Broken/overcast opaque middle
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 19631 ft MSL (14332 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Thursday 05/01..... Excellent
Remarks...
Sunrise/Sunset.................... 06:15:57 / 19:51:21 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 13 hr 35 min 24 sec (815 min 24 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:03:39 MDT... 69.97 degrees
Upper air data from rawinsonde observation taken on 04/30/2025 at 0600 MDT
Freezing level.................. 10574 ft MSL (5275 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 13801 ft MSL (8502 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 16856 ft MSL (11558 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -7.0
K index......................... +19.9
Height Temperature Wind Wind Spd Lapse Rate ConvectionT Thermal Lift Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft deg C deg F Index fpm m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -58.4 -73.1 235 26 13 3.8 2.1 102.1 215.8 44.8 M M
45000 -54.7 -66.5 230 39 20 4.6 2.5 82.7 180.9 36.1 M M
40000 -52.2 -62.0 250 26 13 -1.4 -0.8 63.6 146.4 26.0 M M
38000 -50.4 -58.7 245 21 11 4.8 2.6 57.4 135.3 22.6 M M
36000 -47.6 -53.7 240 14 7 4.8 2.6 53.1 127.5 20.2 M M
34000 -44.8 -48.6 220 15 8 4.2 2.3 48.6 119.6 17.6 M M
32000 -46.7 -52.1 245 19 10 -1.9 -1.0 36.8 98.2 9.4 M M
30000 -45.3 -49.5 220 27 14 -4.0 -2.2 30.7 87.3 5.1 M M
29000 -45.9 -50.6 200 33 17 5.7 3.1 26.2 79.1 1.7 M M
28000 -43.8 -46.8 210 34 18 5.6 3.1 25.0 77.0 0.8 M M
27000 -42.2 -44.0 225 28 14 5.6 3.1 23.3 74.0 -0.4 2158 11.0
26000 -40.0 -40.0 225 28 14 9.1 5.0 22.4 72.3 -1.2 2063 10.5
25000 -37.4 -35.3 220 31 16 9.2 5.0 22.0 71.7 -1.5 1954 9.9
24000 -34.7 -30.5 220 33 17 8.5 4.7 21.7 71.1 -1.8 1844 9.4
23000 -31.9 -25.4 220 32 16 10.4 5.7 21.6 70.8 -1.9 1731 8.8
22000 -29.1 -20.4 225 28 15 6.5 3.6 21.5 70.6 -2.1 1617 8.2
21000 -26.6 -15.9 235 22 11 8.3 4.5 20.9 69.7 -2.6 1513 7.7
20000 -24.0 -11.2 255 16 8 9.2 5.0 20.6 69.0 -2.9 1405 7.1
19500 -22.6 -8.7 260 15 8 9.2 5.0 20.5 68.8 -3.0 1349 6.9
19000 -21.2 -6.2 240 15 8 9.1 5.0 20.4 68.6 -3.1 1293 6.6
18500 -19.9 -3.8 240 12 6 7.9 4.4 20.2 68.4 -3.3 1237 6.3
18000 -18.9 -2.0 245 12 6 6.9 3.8 19.7 67.5 -3.7 1192 6.1
17500 -17.9 -0.2 250 10 5 6.9 3.8 19.2 66.6 -4.2 1147 5.8
17000 -16.9 1.6 245 11 6 6.9 3.8 18.8 65.8 -4.7 1102 5.6
16500 -15.8 3.6 255 10 5 6.8 3.8 18.3 64.9 -5.2 1057 5.4
16000 -14.1 6.6 275 9 5 9.2 5.0 17.8 64.1 -5.6 982 5.0
15500 -12.7 9.1 275 7 4 9.0 5.0 17.7 63.9 -5.8 926 4.7
15000 -11.4 11.5 280 6 3 8.4 4.6 17.6 63.7 -5.9 871 4.4
14500 -10.4 13.3 320 5 2 6.1 3.3 17.1 62.8 -6.4 827 4.2
14000 -9.4 15.1 325 4 2 8.7 4.8 16.7 62.0 -6.9 782 4.0
13500 -8.0 17.6 340 4 2 9.2 5.1 16.6 61.9 -7.0 726 3.7
13000 -6.6 20.1 345 4 2 9.3 5.1 16.6 61.8 -7.1 669 3.4
12500 -5.2 22.6 325 3 2 9.3 5.1 16.5 61.7 -7.2 613 3.1
12000 -3.8 25.2 355 8 4 9.3 5.1 16.5 61.6 -7.3 557 2.8
11500 -2.5 27.5 345 8 4 9.3 5.1 16.4 61.5 -7.4 501 2.5
11000 -1.1 30.0 330 9 5 9.3 5.1 16.3 61.3 -7.6 444 2.3
10500 0.3 32.5 340 10 5 9.5 5.2 16.2 61.2 -7.7 388 2.0
10250 1.0 33.8 345 9 4 8.7 4.8 16.2 61.1 -7.8 360 1.8
10000 1.5 34.7 355 8 4 5.2 2.9 15.9 60.7 -8.0 337 1.7
9750 1.8 35.2 010 12 6 4.4 2.4 15.5 59.9 -8.5 320 1.6
9500 2.3 36.1 360 13 7 7.8 4.3 15.2 59.4 -8.7 299 1.5
9250 2.9 37.2 355 13 7 9.0 5.0 15.1 59.3 -8.9 272 1.4
9000 3.6 38.5 355 15 8 8.7 4.8 15.1 59.1 -9.0 245 1.2
8750 4.2 39.6 355 14 7 8.8 4.8 15.0 59.0 -9.1 219 1.1
8500 4.9 40.8 355 13 7 8.7 4.8 14.9 58.9 -9.2 192 1.0
8250 5.5 41.9 350 13 7 9.0 4.9 14.8 58.7 -9.3 165 0.8
8000 6.2 43.2 345 12 6 8.0 4.4 14.8 58.6 -9.4 138 0.7
7750 6.7 44.1 345 11 6 6.2 3.4 14.6 58.2 -9.6 115 0.6
7500 7.1 44.8 340 8 4 5.9 3.2 14.3 57.7 -9.9 95 0.5
7250 7.5 45.5 330 5 3 6.0 3.3 14.0 57.2 -10.3 75 0.4
7000 8.0 46.4 300 3 2 5.8 3.2 13.7 56.6 -10.6 54 0.3
6750 8.4 47.1 280 2 1 6.5 3.5 13.4 56.1 -10.9 34 0.2
6500 9.0 48.2 165 2 1 8.6 4.7 13.2 55.8 -11.1 10 0.1
6250 9.6 49.3 160 3 2 7.4 4.0 13.1 55.6 -11.3 M M
6000 10.0 50.0 160 4 2 5.1 2.8 12.8 55.1 -11.6 M M
5750 10.3 50.5 155 6 3 1.9 1.1 12.4 54.3 -12.1 M M
5500 10.0 50.0 150 7 4 -6.6 -3.6 11.5 52.7 -13.1 M M
* * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * *
04/30/2025 at 0900 MDT | 04/30/2025 at 1200 MDT
|
CAPE... +53.0 LI... -0.3 | CAPE... +62.9 LI... +0.1
CINH... -89.9 K Index... +20.9 | CINH... -15.2 K Index... +17.8
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -57.2 -71.0 245 26 13 1.8 1.0 | -57.2 -71.0 255 29 15 1.6 0.9
45000 -54.3 -65.7 255 30 16 2.0 1.1 | -54.7 -66.5 265 36 19 0.7 0.4
40000 -51.4 -60.5 265 26 13 2.0 1.1 | -53.6 -64.5 285 33 17 0.8 0.4
38000 -50.1 -58.2 275 25 13 2.2 1.2 | -53.0 -63.4 295 36 19 1.0 0.5
36000 -48.8 -55.8 285 25 13 2.2 1.2 | -52.5 -62.5 310 46 24 1.0 0.5
34000 -47.5 -53.5 300 26 13 1.4 0.8 | -51.4 -60.5 320 55 28 7.0 3.8
32000 -46.7 -52.1 325 23 12 1.4 0.8 | -47.5 -53.5 325 56 29 6.5 3.5
30000 -45.7 -50.3 350 24 13 3.5 1.9 | -43.7 -46.7 335 57 29 5.8 3.2
29000 -44.6 -48.3 345 21 11 3.8 2.1 | -41.9 -43.4 335 54 28 5.9 3.2
28000 -43.4 -46.1 345 17 9 3.8 2.1 | -39.7 -39.5 340 49 25 5.9 3.2
27000 -42.0 -43.6 340 12 6 6.0 3.3 | -37.9 -36.2 340 46 24 5.9 3.3
26000 -39.4 -38.9 340 13 7 8.7 4.8 | -36.1 -33.0 340 40 21 5.9 3.3
25000 -36.8 -34.2 340 15 8 8.7 4.8 | -34.3 -29.7 340 35 18 6.0 3.3
24000 -34.2 -29.6 340 16 8 8.7 4.8 | -32.6 -26.7 340 29 15 7.2 3.9
23000 -31.6 -24.9 340 16 8 8.6 4.7 | -30.0 -22.0 340 27 14 8.4 4.6
22000 -29.1 -20.4 340 16 8 8.6 4.7 | -27.5 -17.5 335 25 13 8.4 4.6
21000 -26.5 -15.7 335 16 8 8.2 4.5 | -25.0 -13.0 335 23 12 8.5 4.7
20000 -24.1 -11.4 335 15 8 8.2 4.5 | -22.5 -8.5 340 21 11 8.5 4.7
19500 -22.9 -9.2 335 15 8 8.2 4.5 | -21.2 -6.2 340 20 10 8.5 4.7
19000 -21.7 -7.1 335 15 8 8.2 4.5 | -19.9 -3.8 340 19 10 8.6 4.7
18500 -20.4 -4.7 335 14 7 8.4 4.6 | -18.7 -1.7 340 18 9 8.1 4.5
18000 -19.2 -2.6 335 14 7 8.4 4.6 | -17.5 0.5 340 17 9 8.1 4.4
17500 -17.9 -0.2 330 14 7 8.4 4.6 | -16.3 2.7 340 16 8 8.0 4.4
17000 -16.7 1.9 330 14 7 8.0 4.4 | -15.1 4.8 345 15 8 7.8 4.3
16500 -15.5 4.1 325 14 7 8.0 4.4 | -14.0 6.8 345 15 8 7.9 4.3
16000 -14.3 6.3 320 14 7 8.4 4.6 | -12.8 9.0 345 15 8 7.4 4.1
15500 -13.1 8.4 315 14 7 8.4 4.6 | -11.7 10.9 340 15 8 7.5 4.1
15000 -11.8 10.8 310 14 7 8.4 4.6 | -10.6 12.9 340 16 8 7.3 4.0
14500 -10.6 12.9 305 14 7 8.4 4.6 | -9.6 14.7 335 16 8 7.3 4.0
14000 -9.3 15.3 300 14 7 8.5 4.7 | -8.5 16.7 335 17 9 7.5 4.1
13500 -8.0 17.6 300 13 7 8.7 4.8 | -7.4 18.7 330 17 9 7.7 4.2
13000 -6.7 19.9 295 13 7 8.7 4.8 | -6.3 20.7 330 17 9 7.9 4.3
12500 -5.4 22.3 295 13 7 8.7 4.8 | -5.1 22.8 325 17 9 8.2 4.5
12000 -4.1 24.6 295 13 6 8.7 4.8 | -3.9 25.0 320 16 8 8.5 4.7
11500 -2.9 26.8 295 12 6 8.5 4.6 | -2.5 27.5 320 16 8 9.3 5.1
11000 -1.6 29.1 295 12 6 8.0 4.4 | -1.2 29.8 315 15 8 9.4 5.1
10500 -0.6 30.9 295 11 6 6.7 3.7 | 0.3 32.5 315 15 8 9.5 5.2
10250 -0.1 31.8 295 11 6 6.9 3.8 | 1.0 33.8 315 15 8 9.3 5.1
10000 0.4 32.7 295 11 6 6.6 3.6 | 1.7 35.1 315 15 8 9.4 5.2
9750 0.9 33.6 295 11 6 6.1 3.3 | 3.1 37.6 315 14 7 9.7 5.3
9500 1.7 35.1 295 10 5 5.1 2.8 | 3.8 38.8 315 14 7 9.1 5.0
9250 2.1 35.8 295 10 5 6.1 3.4 | 4.5 40.1 310 14 7 9.1 5.0
9000 2.7 36.9 290 10 5 8.2 4.5 | 5.2 41.4 310 13 7 9.7 5.3
8750 3.2 37.8 290 9 5 7.8 4.3 | 5.9 42.6 310 13 7 9.5 5.2
8500 3.8 38.8 290 9 5 7.2 4.0 | 6.6 43.9 310 13 7 9.8 5.4
8250 4.3 39.7 285 9 4 7.5 4.1 | 7.4 45.3 310 13 6 10.1 5.5
8000 4.9 40.8 280 8 4 8.4 4.6 | 8.1 46.6 310 12 6 9.9 5.5
7750 5.5 41.9 280 7 4 8.5 4.6 | 8.9 48.0 310 12 6 10.2 5.6
7500 6.1 43.0 275 7 4 7.2 3.9 | 9.6 49.3 310 12 6 9.4 5.1
7250 6.6 43.9 270 6 3 7.8 4.3 | 10.3 50.5 310 11 6 9.8 5.4
7000 7.3 45.1 270 6 3 9.5 5.2 | 11.1 52.0 305 11 6 10.9 6.0
6750 8.0 46.4 265 5 3 9.2 5.1 | 11.9 53.4 305 11 5 10.8 5.9
6500 8.7 47.7 260 5 3 8.7 4.8 | 12.7 54.9 305 10 5 9.8 5.4
6250 9.4 48.9 255 5 2 11.7 6.4 | 13.5 56.3 305 10 5 15.3 8.4
6000 10.5 50.9 255 5 2 18.4 10.1 | 15.1 59.2 305 9 5 27.1 14.8
5750 11.6 52.9 250 4 2 5.9 3.2 | 16.7 62.1 305 8 4 5.3 2.9
5500 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
04/30/2025 at 1500 MDT | 04/30/2025 at 1800 MDT
|
CAPE... +1.4 LI... +0.9 | CAPE... 0.0 LI... +1.7
CINH... -0.0 K Index... +13.7 | CINH... 0.0 K Index... +11.5
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -56.9 -70.4 260 25 13 1.6 0.9 | -57.9 -72.2 260 24 12 2.0 1.1
45000 -54.5 -66.1 265 34 18 -0.8 -0.4 | -55.0 -67.0 270 30 15 -1.8 -1.0
40000 -55.6 -68.1 285 36 19 -0.7 -0.4 | -57.1 -70.8 285 39 20 -1.4 -0.8
38000 -55.6 -68.1 290 40 21 0.7 0.4 | -56.8 -70.2 285 43 22 1.6 0.9
36000 -55.1 -67.2 295 46 24 0.7 0.4 | -55.9 -68.6 285 47 24 1.6 0.9
34000 -53.3 -63.9 300 51 26 8.3 4.5 | -53.9 -65.0 290 48 25 8.3 4.5
32000 -48.2 -54.8 305 48 25 8.4 4.6 | -48.8 -55.8 290 42 22 8.5 4.7
30000 -43.2 -45.8 310 45 23 8.3 4.6 | -43.7 -46.7 295 37 19 8.1 4.5
29000 -40.7 -41.3 315 43 22 8.3 4.6 | -41.3 -42.3 295 36 19 8.1 4.4
28000 -38.2 -36.8 315 41 21 8.3 4.6 | -38.3 -36.9 295 35 18 8.1 4.5
27000 -35.8 -32.4 320 40 20 7.8 4.3 | -35.8 -32.4 295 34 17 8.5 4.7
26000 -33.5 -28.3 320 39 20 7.7 4.2 | -33.3 -27.9 295 32 17 8.4 4.6
25000 -31.2 -24.2 325 38 19 7.7 4.2 | -30.7 -23.3 295 31 16 8.5 4.6
24000 -28.9 -20.0 330 37 19 7.5 4.1 | -28.2 -18.8 300 29 15 7.7 4.2
23000 -26.7 -16.1 330 34 17 7.1 3.9 | -25.9 -14.6 300 27 14 7.7 4.2
22000 -24.1 -11.4 335 30 15 7.1 3.9 | -23.6 -10.5 305 25 13 7.6 4.2
21000 -22.0 -7.6 335 26 14 6.0 3.3 | -21.4 -6.5 305 23 12 6.9 3.8
20000 -20.2 -4.4 325 23 12 6.1 3.4 | -19.4 -2.9 300 22 11 7.0 3.8
19500 -19.3 -2.7 320 21 11 6.1 3.4 | -18.3 -0.9 295 21 11 7.0 3.8
19000 -18.4 -1.1 310 20 10 6.0 3.3 | -17.3 0.9 295 21 11 7.0 3.9
18500 -17.5 0.5 305 19 10 7.1 3.9 | -16.3 2.7 290 21 11 6.6 3.6
18000 -16.4 2.5 300 19 10 7.1 3.9 | -15.3 4.5 285 22 11 6.7 3.7
17500 -15.4 4.3 300 18 9 7.5 4.1 | -14.4 6.1 280 23 12 7.5 4.1
17000 -14.3 6.3 295 18 9 7.8 4.3 | -13.1 8.4 280 23 12 8.2 4.5
16500 -13.2 8.2 295 18 9 7.9 4.3 | -11.9 10.6 280 23 12 8.3 4.6
16000 -11.9 10.6 295 18 9 8.9 4.9 | -10.6 12.9 280 23 12 9.3 5.1
15500 -10.6 12.9 295 19 10 8.8 4.8 | -9.2 15.4 280 22 11 9.2 5.0
15000 -9.2 15.4 295 19 10 9.5 5.2 | -7.8 18.0 285 22 11 9.4 5.1
14500 -7.8 18.0 295 19 10 9.5 5.2 | -6.4 20.5 285 21 11 9.4 5.1
14000 -6.4 20.5 295 19 10 9.6 5.3 | -5.0 23.0 290 21 11 9.7 5.3
13500 -5.0 23.0 295 19 10 9.6 5.3 | -3.5 25.7 290 21 11 9.8 5.4
13000 -3.5 25.7 295 19 10 9.6 5.2 | -2.0 28.4 290 20 10 9.7 5.3
12500 -2.1 28.2 295 19 10 9.5 5.2 | -0.6 30.9 295 20 10 9.6 5.2
12000 -0.7 30.7 295 19 10 9.6 5.3 | 0.8 33.4 295 20 10 9.6 5.3
11500 0.8 33.4 295 19 10 9.8 5.4 | 2.3 36.1 295 19 10 9.6 5.3
11000 2.2 36.0 295 19 10 9.7 5.3 | 3.7 38.7 300 19 10 9.7 5.3
10500 3.6 38.5 300 19 10 9.6 5.3 | 5.2 41.4 300 19 10 9.8 5.4
10250 4.4 39.9 300 19 10 9.7 5.3 | 5.9 42.6 300 19 10 9.6 5.3
10000 5.1 41.2 300 19 10 9.7 5.3 | 6.7 44.1 300 19 10 9.7 5.3
9750 5.8 42.4 300 19 10 9.9 5.4 | 7.4 45.3 305 19 10 9.7 5.3
9500 6.6 43.9 300 19 10 9.8 5.4 | 8.8 47.8 305 19 10 9.5 5.2
9250 7.3 45.1 300 19 10 9.3 5.1 | 9.5 49.1 305 19 10 9.4 5.1
9000 8.0 46.4 300 19 10 9.3 5.1 | 10.2 50.4 310 19 10 9.4 5.2
8750 8.7 47.7 305 19 10 9.7 5.3 | 11.0 51.8 310 19 10 9.2 5.1
8500 10.1 50.2 305 19 10 10.2 5.6 | 11.7 53.1 310 19 10 10.0 5.5
8250 10.9 51.6 305 19 10 10.5 5.8 | 12.4 54.3 310 19 10 10.2 5.6
8000 11.6 52.9 305 19 10 9.9 5.4 | 13.2 55.8 315 19 10 9.6 5.3
7750 12.4 54.3 310 19 10 10.1 5.6 | 13.9 57.0 315 19 10 10.0 5.5
7500 13.2 55.8 310 18 9 9.9 5.4 | 14.6 58.3 315 19 10 9.2 5.1
7250 13.9 57.0 310 18 9 10.1 5.6 | 15.3 59.5 315 19 10 9.3 5.1
7000 14.7 58.5 310 18 9 10.6 5.8 | 16.1 61.0 320 18 9 10.1 5.6
6750 15.4 59.7 310 18 9 10.5 5.8 | 16.8 62.2 320 18 9 9.9 5.4
6500 16.2 61.2 315 18 9 10.4 5.7 | 17.6 63.7 320 18 9 10.2 5.6
6250 17.2 63.0 315 17 9 16.9 9.3 | 18.4 65.1 325 17 9 12.9 7.1
6000 18.9 66.0 315 16 8 28.3 15.6 | 19.5 67.1 325 16 8 16.6 9.1
5750 20.6 69.1 315 15 7 7.9 4.4 | 20.6 69.1 325 14 7 10.4 5.7
5500 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
________________________________________________________________________________
This product is issued twice per day, at approximately 730 AM and 730 PM local
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance.
The information contained herein is based on rawinsonde observation and/or
numerical weather prediction model data taken at the Albuquerque International
Sunport site in Albuquerque, New Mexico at
North Latitude: 35.03806 deg
West Longitude: 106.62194 deg
Elevation: 5298.6 feet (1615 meters)
and may not be representative of other areas, especially along and east of
the Sandia and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground. Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.
The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice. Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.
DEFINITIONS:
CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
energy available for convective development, also known as the positive
area on a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. Larger
values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of
stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms. Values around or
greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
convective activity develop.
CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. The more negative
this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection. This
inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)
Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it
just becomes saturated. It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
produced by surface heating only.
Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level. It can be considered a
"trigger temperature" for that level.
Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.
Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above
mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists. The location and
existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain
waves.
K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface. Larger
positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of
thunderstorm development. One interpretation of K index values regarding
soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158
and is reproduced in the following table:
below -10 no or weak thermals
-10 to 5 dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
5 to 15 good soaring conditions
15 to 20 good soaring conditions with occasional showers
20 to 30 excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
probability of showers and thunderstorms
above 30 more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms
Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
inversions.
Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.
Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
level. The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum
temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
feet of the airmass. Negative values are indicative of instability with
positive values showing stable conditions.
Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals. It is
computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
are applied to these calculations.
Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.
Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals. It
is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures
between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet
above the ground. After this computation, further empirical adjustments
are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment.
Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds. Broken means that
between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights:
1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind speed no longer increases with height
PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
sea level). Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.
Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
and the time of overdevelopment.
Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level. Negative values
are indicative of thermal lift.
Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the
computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:
Maximum rate of lift Adjective Rating
>= 800 fpm Excellent
>= 400 and < 800 fpm Good
>= 200 and < 400 fpm Fair
< 200 fpm Poor
Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
3. initiation of widespread precipitation
Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
reach the trigger temperature.
Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.
Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which
attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
soaring into a single index number. Objective points are assigned to
these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough
movements.
042613
Soaring Forecast for Santa Fe NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0745 MDT Wednesday April 30 2025
This forecast is for Wednesday, April 30, 2025:
If the trigger temperature of 54.7 F/12.6 C is reached...then
Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
Maximum rate of lift........................ 2138 ft/min (10.9 m/s)
Maximum height of thermals.................. 27659 ft MSL (21202 ft AGL)
Forecast maximum temperature................... 70.0 F/21.6 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1030 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 20486 ft MSL (14029 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Thursday 05/01..... Excellent
Remarks...
Sunrise/Sunset.................... 06:12:52 / 19:50:13 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 13 hr 37 min 21 sec (817 min 21 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:01:32 MDT... 69.41 degrees
Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 04/30/2025 at 0600 MDT
Freezing level.................. 10729 ft MSL (4272 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 13626 ft MSL (7169 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 16481 ft MSL (10024 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -7.6
K index......................... +14.0
Height Temperature Wind Wind Spd Lapse Rate ConvectionT Thermal Lift Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft deg C deg F Index fpm m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -56.7 -70.1 235 27 14 2.2 1.2 98.4 209.2 45.0 M M
45000 -53.2 -63.8 245 30 15 1.2 0.7 80.5 176.8 36.9 M M
40000 -51.4 -60.5 245 23 12 1.2 0.7 60.1 140.2 26.0 M M
38000 -50.6 -59.1 240 22 11 1.7 0.9 52.8 127.1 21.7 M M
36000 -49.6 -57.3 240 23 12 1.7 0.9 45.7 114.2 17.2 M M
34000 -48.6 -55.5 235 24 12 0.2 0.1 39.2 102.6 13.0 M M
32000 -48.7 -55.7 215 28 15 -0.1 -0.1 30.8 87.4 7.1 M M
30000 -48.4 -55.1 205 34 17 6.5 3.6 23.6 74.5 1.9 M M
29000 -46.2 -51.2 205 29 15 7.3 4.0 22.5 72.5 1.0 M M
28000 -43.5 -46.3 210 24 12 7.3 4.0 21.3 70.4 0.1 M M
27000 -41.3 -42.3 215 19 10 7.9 4.3 20.5 69.0 -0.5 2065 10.5
26000 -38.7 -37.7 220 18 9 8.6 4.7 20.0 67.9 -0.9 1958 9.9
25000 -36.1 -33.0 225 17 9 8.6 4.7 19.5 67.2 -1.3 1852 9.4
24000 -33.6 -28.5 230 17 9 8.6 4.7 19.2 66.6 -1.6 1745 8.9
23000 -31.0 -23.8 235 17 9 8.5 4.7 18.7 65.7 -2.1 1639 8.3
22000 -28.5 -19.3 240 18 9 8.5 4.7 18.3 64.9 -2.5 1533 7.8
21000 -25.9 -14.6 245 19 10 8.8 4.8 17.9 64.3 -2.8 1427 7.2
20000 -23.3 -9.9 250 16 8 8.8 4.8 17.5 63.5 -3.2 1318 6.7
19500 -21.9 -7.4 250 15 8 8.8 4.8 17.4 63.3 -3.3 1263 6.4
19000 -20.6 -5.1 255 14 7 8.8 4.8 17.2 63.0 -3.5 1209 6.1
18500 -19.3 -2.7 255 13 7 8.3 4.6 17.1 62.8 -3.6 1155 5.9
18000 -18.1 -0.6 260 12 6 8.1 4.4 16.8 62.2 -3.9 1104 5.6
17500 -16.9 1.6 260 11 6 8.0 4.4 16.5 61.7 -4.2 1053 5.4
17000 -15.7 3.7 265 11 6 7.7 4.2 16.2 61.1 -4.5 1004 5.1
16500 -14.6 5.7 265 11 6 7.8 4.3 15.9 60.5 -4.8 954 4.8
16000 -13.4 7.9 270 12 6 7.8 4.3 15.5 60.0 -5.2 905 4.6
15500 -12.3 9.9 270 12 6 7.9 4.3 15.2 59.4 -5.5 855 4.3
15000 -11.1 12.0 275 12 6 8.3 4.5 14.9 58.9 -5.8 806 4.1
14500 -9.9 14.2 275 12 6 8.5 4.7 14.7 58.5 -6.1 753 3.8
14000 -8.6 16.5 280 12 6 8.7 4.8 14.5 58.2 -6.3 700 3.6
13500 -7.3 18.9 280 12 6 8.9 4.9 14.4 57.9 -6.5 646 3.3
13000 -6.0 21.2 285 11 6 8.9 4.9 14.3 57.7 -6.7 592 3.0
12500 -4.7 23.5 285 10 5 8.5 4.7 14.1 57.3 -6.9 539 2.7
12000 -3.4 25.9 285 9 5 8.5 4.7 13.9 57.0 -7.1 486 2.5
11500 -1.6 29.1 290 8 4 8.2 4.5 13.6 56.4 -7.5 408 2.1
11000 -0.4 31.3 295 7 4 8.1 4.4 13.3 55.9 -7.9 358 1.8
10500 0.8 33.4 310 6 3 8.2 4.5 13.0 55.5 -8.2 308 1.6
10250 1.4 34.5 320 5 3 8.0 4.4 12.9 55.3 -8.3 282 1.4
10000 1.9 35.4 330 5 3 6.8 3.7 12.7 54.9 -8.5 259 1.3
9750 2.4 36.3 340 5 3 6.1 3.3 12.5 54.5 -8.9 238 1.2
9500 2.8 37.0 350 5 3 6.7 3.7 12.2 54.0 -9.2 217 1.1
9250 3.3 37.9 360 5 3 5.0 2.8 12.0 53.5 -9.5 196 1.0
9000 3.5 38.3 005 5 2 4.1 2.3 11.5 52.7 -10.0 181 0.9
8750 3.9 39.0 010 4 2 5.1 2.8 11.1 52.0 -10.4 164 0.8
8500 4.2 39.6 010 4 2 4.9 2.7 10.8 51.4 -10.8 146 0.7
8250 4.5 40.1 015 4 2 5.0 2.7 10.4 50.7 -11.2 129 0.7
8000 4.9 40.8 010 3 1 4.5 2.5 10.0 50.0 -11.7 112 0.6
7750 5.2 41.4 015 2 1 4.1 2.3 9.6 49.3 -12.1 95 0.5
7500 5.5 41.9 020 1 1 4.6 2.5 9.2 48.5 -12.6 79 0.4
7250 5.8 42.4 020 1 0 4.7 2.6 8.8 47.9 -13.0 62 0.3
7000 6.2 43.2 000 0 0 6.2 3.4 8.5 47.2 -13.4 43 0.2
6750 6.5 43.7 000 0 0 -2.1 -1.1 8.0 46.5 -13.9 27 0.1
6500 4.5 40.1 000 0 0 -65.0 -35.7 5.3 41.6 -16.7 79 0.4
* * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * *
04/30/2025 at 0900 MDT | 04/30/2025 at 1200 MDT
|
CAPE... +265.7 LI... -1.2 | CAPE... +312.3 LI... -1.3
CINH... -47.5 K Index... +20.4 | CINH... -0.4 K Index... +22.3
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -57.0 -70.6 240 27 14 1.6 0.9 | -57.0 -70.6 250 27 14 1.9 1.0
45000 -54.4 -65.9 245 26 14 1.9 1.0 | -54.1 -65.4 265 32 16 0.9 0.5
40000 -51.6 -60.9 260 21 11 1.9 1.0 | -52.7 -62.9 270 27 14 1.0 0.5
38000 -50.3 -58.5 265 19 10 2.2 1.2 | -51.9 -61.4 285 27 14 1.6 0.9
36000 -49.0 -56.2 275 19 10 2.2 1.2 | -51.0 -59.8 305 32 17 1.6 0.9
34000 -47.8 -54.0 285 19 10 0.5 0.3 | -49.9 -57.8 320 40 21 3.3 1.8
32000 -47.6 -53.7 300 14 7 0.3 0.2 | -48.0 -54.4 335 40 21 3.2 1.8
30000 -47.2 -53.0 330 11 6 5.0 2.8 | -45.9 -50.6 340 41 21 5.9 3.2
29000 -45.5 -49.9 325 8 4 5.7 3.1 | -43.8 -46.8 345 36 19 5.7 3.1
28000 -43.3 -45.9 325 5 2 5.7 3.1 | -42.1 -43.8 345 33 17 5.7 3.1
27000 -41.6 -42.9 320 2 1 6.9 3.8 | -40.4 -40.7 345 30 15 7.0 3.8
26000 -39.1 -38.4 335 4 2 8.5 4.7 | -38.0 -36.4 345 27 14 8.0 4.4
25000 -36.6 -33.9 340 7 4 8.5 4.7 | -35.6 -32.1 345 24 13 8.0 4.4
24000 -34.0 -29.2 340 10 5 8.6 4.7 | -33.2 -27.8 345 22 11 8.3 4.6
23000 -31.4 -24.5 340 10 5 8.7 4.8 | -30.5 -22.9 350 20 10 8.9 4.9
22000 -28.8 -19.8 340 10 5 8.8 4.8 | -27.9 -18.2 350 19 10 8.9 4.9
21000 -26.2 -15.2 345 9 5 8.4 4.6 | -25.2 -13.4 355 18 9 8.4 4.6
20000 -23.7 -10.7 350 10 5 8.3 4.6 | -22.8 -9.0 355 17 9 8.3 4.6
19500 -22.5 -8.5 355 10 5 8.3 4.6 | -21.5 -6.7 350 17 9 8.3 4.6
19000 -21.2 -6.2 355 10 5 8.4 4.6 | -20.3 -4.5 350 17 9 8.4 4.6
18500 -20.0 -4.0 360 10 5 8.3 4.6 | -19.0 -2.2 350 17 9 8.3 4.5
18000 -18.8 -1.8 355 10 5 8.3 4.6 | -17.8 -0.0 350 17 9 8.2 4.5
17500 -17.5 0.5 355 10 5 8.3 4.5 | -16.6 2.1 345 17 9 8.2 4.5
17000 -16.4 2.5 350 10 5 7.7 4.2 | -15.4 4.3 345 17 9 8.0 4.4
16500 -15.2 4.6 340 9 5 7.7 4.2 | -14.2 6.4 340 17 9 8.0 4.4
16000 -14.0 6.8 335 9 5 8.1 4.5 | -13.1 8.4 335 17 9 7.9 4.3
15500 -12.8 9.0 330 9 5 8.2 4.5 | -11.9 10.6 335 16 8 7.9 4.3
15000 -11.6 11.1 325 9 5 8.3 4.6 | -10.8 12.6 330 16 8 8.1 4.4
14500 -10.4 13.3 325 9 5 8.4 4.6 | -9.6 14.7 330 16 8 8.2 4.5
14000 -9.1 15.6 325 10 5 8.6 4.7 | -8.4 16.9 325 15 8 8.2 4.5
13500 -7.8 18.0 320 10 5 8.9 4.9 | -7.2 19.0 325 15 8 8.1 4.4
13000 -6.5 20.3 320 10 5 8.8 4.8 | -6.0 21.2 325 14 7 8.3 4.6
12500 -5.2 22.6 315 10 5 8.6 4.7 | -4.7 23.5 320 13 7 8.9 4.9
12000 -3.3 26.1 315 9 5 8.2 4.5 | -2.7 27.1 315 12 6 9.3 5.1
11500 -2.1 28.2 310 9 4 8.4 4.6 | -1.3 29.7 310 12 6 9.3 5.1
11000 -0.9 30.4 305 8 4 7.3 4.0 | 0.1 32.2 310 11 6 9.5 5.2
10500 0.1 32.2 300 8 4 7.2 3.9 | 1.5 34.7 305 11 6 9.3 5.1
10250 0.6 33.1 300 7 4 7.4 4.1 | 2.2 36.0 305 11 5 9.2 5.1
10000 1.1 34.0 300 7 4 6.8 3.8 | 2.9 37.2 300 10 5 9.8 5.4
9750 1.6 34.9 295 7 4 6.4 3.5 | 3.6 38.5 300 10 5 10.0 5.5
9500 2.0 35.6 295 7 3 6.6 3.6 | 4.4 39.9 295 10 5 10.1 5.5
9250 2.5 36.5 295 6 3 6.4 3.5 | 5.1 41.2 295 10 5 9.4 5.2
9000 2.9 37.2 295 6 3 6.2 3.4 | 5.8 42.4 295 10 5 9.3 5.1
8750 3.4 38.1 290 6 3 6.1 3.3 | 6.5 43.7 290 9 5 9.9 5.4
8500 3.8 38.8 290 6 3 6.1 3.3 | 7.2 45.0 290 9 5 9.7 5.3
8250 4.2 39.6 285 6 3 6.6 3.6 | 8.0 46.4 285 9 5 10.4 5.7
8000 4.8 40.6 285 5 3 8.5 4.6 | 8.8 47.8 285 9 5 10.7 5.8
7750 5.4 41.7 285 5 3 9.2 5.0 | 9.6 49.3 280 9 5 10.2 5.6
7500 6.1 43.0 280 5 3 9.3 5.1 | 10.3 50.5 280 9 5 10.6 5.8
7250 6.8 44.2 280 5 3 10.4 5.7 | 11.1 52.0 280 9 4 10.4 5.7
7000 7.6 45.7 280 5 2 9.3 5.1 | 12.0 53.6 275 9 4 16.3 9.0
6750 8.3 46.9 280 5 2 11.3 6.2 | 13.7 56.7 275 8 4 27.2 14.9
6500 10.0 50.0 275 4 2 42.1 23.1 | 15.3 59.5 270 8 4 7.6 4.2
04/30/2025 at 1500 MDT | 04/30/2025 at 1800 MDT
|
CAPE... +57.1 LI... -0.4 | CAPE... 0.0 LI... +1.4
CINH... -8.3 K Index... +19.9 | CINH... 0.0 K Index... +10.6
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -56.9 -70.4 255 25 13 1.8 1.0 | -57.6 -71.7 255 24 12 1.8 1.0
45000 -54.2 -65.6 265 30 16 -0.5 -0.2 | -54.9 -66.8 265 28 14 -1.6 -0.9
40000 -54.7 -66.5 280 31 16 -0.3 -0.2 | -56.7 -70.1 280 34 18 -1.2 -0.7
38000 -54.7 -66.5 290 34 18 0.2 0.1 | -56.6 -69.9 285 39 20 1.2 0.7
36000 -54.6 -66.3 300 41 21 0.2 0.1 | -55.9 -68.6 290 45 23 1.2 0.7
34000 -53.7 -64.7 305 46 24 8.7 4.8 | -54.2 -65.6 295 48 25 8.4 4.6
32000 -48.8 -55.8 315 46 24 8.2 4.5 | -49.2 -56.6 295 39 20 8.4 4.6
30000 -43.4 -46.1 320 45 23 7.7 4.2 | -44.1 -47.4 300 33 17 8.4 4.6
29000 -41.1 -42.0 325 43 22 7.7 4.2 | -41.6 -42.9 305 32 17 8.4 4.6
28000 -38.8 -37.8 330 41 21 7.7 4.2 | -38.5 -37.3 305 32 16 8.4 4.6
27000 -36.5 -33.7 335 39 20 7.5 4.1 | -36.0 -32.8 305 31 16 8.3 4.6
26000 -34.2 -29.6 340 36 18 7.4 4.1 | -33.5 -28.3 305 30 16 8.3 4.6
25000 -32.0 -25.6 345 32 17 7.4 4.1 | -31.0 -23.8 310 29 15 8.3 4.6
24000 -29.8 -21.6 345 29 15 6.9 3.8 | -28.5 -19.3 310 28 15 7.8 4.3
23000 -27.9 -18.2 340 25 13 6.5 3.6 | -26.2 -15.2 310 27 14 7.7 4.2
22000 -25.9 -14.6 335 22 11 6.6 3.6 | -23.9 -11.0 315 25 13 7.7 4.2
21000 -23.9 -11.0 325 19 10 8.1 4.5 | -21.7 -7.1 315 22 12 6.4 3.5
20000 -21.5 -6.7 320 20 10 8.2 4.5 | -19.7 -3.5 310 19 10 6.6 3.6
19500 -20.3 -4.5 320 21 11 8.2 4.5 | -18.8 -1.8 310 18 9 6.6 3.6
19000 -19.1 -2.4 315 21 11 8.2 4.5 | -17.8 -0.0 310 16 8 6.6 3.6
18500 -17.9 -0.2 315 21 11 8.3 4.6 | -16.8 1.8 310 15 8 7.5 4.1
18000 -16.7 1.9 315 21 11 8.3 4.6 | -15.7 3.7 315 15 8 7.6 4.1
17500 -15.4 4.3 315 21 11 8.3 4.6 | -14.6 5.7 315 14 7 8.0 4.4
17000 -14.2 6.4 310 21 11 8.3 4.5 | -13.3 8.1 315 15 8 8.7 4.8
16500 -13.0 8.6 310 20 10 8.2 4.5 | -12.0 10.4 315 15 8 8.7 4.8
16000 -11.7 10.9 310 20 10 8.8 4.8 | -10.7 12.7 310 16 8 8.8 4.8
15500 -10.4 13.3 310 19 10 8.8 4.8 | -9.3 15.3 310 17 9 8.8 4.8
15000 -9.1 15.6 310 19 10 8.9 4.9 | -8.0 17.6 305 18 9 9.2 5.1
14500 -7.7 18.1 310 18 9 9.0 4.9 | -6.6 20.1 305 18 10 9.3 5.1
14000 -6.4 20.5 310 18 9 9.0 5.0 | -5.2 22.6 305 19 10 9.5 5.2
13500 -5.0 23.0 305 17 9 9.1 5.0 | -3.7 25.3 305 20 10 9.7 5.3
13000 -3.0 26.6 305 16 8 9.4 5.1 | -2.3 27.9 300 20 10 9.7 5.3
12500 -1.6 29.1 305 16 8 9.4 5.2 | -0.8 30.6 300 20 11 9.7 5.3
12000 -0.2 31.6 300 15 8 9.4 5.2 | 0.6 33.1 300 21 11 9.6 5.2
11500 1.2 34.2 300 15 7 9.0 5.0 | 2.7 36.9 300 22 11 10.0 5.5
11000 2.6 36.7 295 14 7 9.2 5.1 | 4.2 39.6 300 22 11 9.6 5.3
10500 4.0 39.2 295 13 7 9.3 5.1 | 5.6 42.1 295 23 12 9.7 5.3
10250 4.7 40.5 290 13 7 9.4 5.2 | 6.4 43.5 295 23 12 9.9 5.4
10000 5.4 41.7 290 13 7 9.8 5.4 | 7.1 44.8 295 23 12 9.7 5.3
9750 6.1 43.0 290 13 7 9.8 5.4 | 7.8 46.0 295 23 12 9.7 5.3
9500 6.9 44.4 290 13 7 10.1 5.5 | 8.6 47.5 295 24 12 9.7 5.3
9250 7.6 45.7 290 12 6 8.8 4.8 | 9.3 48.7 295 24 12 9.6 5.3
9000 8.2 46.8 285 12 6 8.7 4.8 | 10.0 50.0 295 24 12 9.7 5.3
8750 8.9 48.0 285 12 6 10.1 5.6 | 10.8 51.4 295 24 12 9.8 5.4
8500 9.7 49.5 285 12 6 9.5 5.2 | 11.5 52.7 295 24 13 9.7 5.3
8250 10.4 50.7 280 12 6 10.8 5.9 | 12.2 54.0 290 25 13 9.9 5.4
8000 11.2 52.2 280 12 6 10.8 5.9 | 13.0 55.4 290 25 13 10.0 5.5
7750 12.0 53.6 280 11 6 9.6 5.3 | 13.7 56.7 290 24 12 9.8 5.4
7500 12.7 54.9 280 11 6 10.1 5.5 | 14.4 57.9 290 24 12 9.9 5.4
7250 13.5 56.3 280 11 6 10.9 6.0 | 15.2 59.4 290 24 12 10.0 5.5
7000 14.4 57.9 280 10 5 16.2 8.9 | 16.0 60.8 290 23 12 12.5 6.8
6750 15.9 60.6 275 10 5 23.5 12.9 | 17.1 62.8 290 21 11 16.5 9.0
6500 17.4 63.3 275 9 5 11.0 6.0 | 18.2 64.8 285 19 10 9.4 5.1
________________________________________________________________________________
This product is issued once per day, at approximately 730 AM local
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance.
The information contained herein is based on numerical weather prediction
model data for the Santa Fe County Municipal Airport site in Santa Fe, New Mexico at
North Latitude: 35.61097 deg
West Longitude: 106.61097 deg
Elevation: 6279.5 feet (1936.0 meters)
and may not be representative of other areas along and east of the Sandia
and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground. Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.
The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice. Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.
DEFINITIONS:
CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
energy available for convective development, also known as the positive
area on a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. Larger
values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of
stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms. Values around or
greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
convective activity develop.
CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. The more negative
this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection. This
inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)
Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it
just becomes saturated. It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
produced by surface heating only.
Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level. It can be considered a
"trigger temperature" for that level.
Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.
Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above
mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists. The location and
existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain
waves.
K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface. Larger
positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of
thunderstorm development. One interpretation of K index values regarding
soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158
and is reproduced in the following table:
below -10 no or weak thermals
-10 to 5 dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
5 to 15 good soaring conditions
15 to 20 good soaring conditions with occasional showers
20 to 30 excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
probability of showers and thunderstorms
above 30 more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms
Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
inversions.
Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.
Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
level. The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum
temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
feet of the airmass. Negative values are indicative of instability with
positive values showing stable conditions.
Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals. It is
computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
are applied to these calculations.
Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.
Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals. It
is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures
between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet
above the ground. After this computation, further empirical adjustments
are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment.
Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds. Broken means that
between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights:
1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind speed no longer increases with height
PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
sea level). Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.
Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
and the time of overdevelopment.
Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level. Negative values
are indicative of thermal lift.
Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the
computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:
Maximum rate of lift Adjective Rating
>= 800 fpm Excellent
>= 400 and < 800 fpm Good
>= 200 and < 400 fpm Fair
< 200 fpm Poor
Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
3. initiation of widespread precipitation
Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
reach the trigger temperature.
Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.
Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which
attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
soaring into a single index number. Objective points are assigned to
these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough
movements.
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