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Latest Soaring Forecasts
 

Soaring Forecast for Moriarty NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0719 MDT Tuesday April 22 2025

This forecast is for Tuesday, April 22, 2025:

If the trigger temperature of 63.5 F/17.5 C is reached...then
   Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
   Maximum rate of lift........................ 1428 ft/min (7.3 m/s)
   Maximum height of thermals.................. 21163 ft MSL (14835 ft AGL)

Forecast maximum temperature................... 75.0 F/24.3 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1045 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 16710 ft MSL (10381 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Wednesday 04/23.... Excellent


Remarks... 

Sunrise/Sunset.................... 06:22:34 / 19:42:15 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 13 hr 19 min 41 sec (799 min 41 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:02:24 MDT... 67.49 degrees

Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 04/22/2025 at 0600 MDT

Freezing level.................. 12372 ft MSL (6044 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 20005 ft MSL (13677 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 20504 ft MSL (14176 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -0.6
K index......................... +2.1

Height  Temperature  Wind  Wind Spd  Lapse Rate  ConvectionT  Thermal  Lift Rate
ft MSL  deg C deg F   Dir   kt  m/s  C/km F/kft  deg C deg F   Index    fpm  m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000  -61.5 -78.7   265   67   34   2.3   1.3   90.6 195.1    38.8      M    M
 45000  -58.2 -72.8   265   72   37  -1.5  -0.8   72.2 161.9    30.0      M    M
 40000  -60.1 -76.2   270   59   30  -1.2  -0.7   46.4 115.6    15.0      M    M
 38000  -58.2 -72.8   270   51   26   5.4   3.0   40.6 105.0    11.4      M    M
 36000  -55.0 -67.0   265   41   21   5.4   3.0   36.8  98.3     9.1      M    M
 34000  -51.2 -60.2   265   34   17   8.3   4.6   34.1  93.5     7.4      M    M
 32000  -45.5 -49.9   265   31   16   8.4   4.6   32.8  91.1     6.6      M    M
 30000  -40.8 -41.4   265   30   16   7.4   4.1   31.4  88.6     5.7      M    M
 29000  -38.5 -37.3   265   31   16   7.4   4.1   30.5  86.9     5.1      M    M
 28000  -36.3 -33.3   265   31   16   7.4   4.1   29.7  85.4     4.5      M    M
 27000  -34.1 -29.4   260   31   16   6.9   3.8   28.8  83.8     3.9      M    M
 26000  -32.0 -25.6   260   30   15   7.0   3.8   27.7  81.8     3.0      M    M
 25000  -30.0 -22.0   255   29   15   7.0   3.8   26.7  80.0     2.2      M    M
 24000  -27.8 -18.0   250   28   15   8.0   4.4   25.8  78.4     1.5      M    M
 23000  -25.4 -13.7   250   27   14   8.0   4.4   25.1  77.1     1.0      M    M
 22000  -23.0  -9.4   245   27   14   8.0   4.4   24.5  76.0     0.5      M    M
 21000  -20.7  -5.3   245   26   13   7.9   4.3   23.9  75.0    -0.1   1419  7.2
 20000  -18.3  -0.9   245   25   13   7.9   4.3   23.2  73.7    -0.7   1319  6.7
 19500  -17.1   1.2   245   24   12   7.9   4.3   22.9  73.2    -0.9   1269  6.4
 19000  -15.9   3.4   245   23   12   8.0   4.4   22.6  72.7    -1.2   1218  6.2
 18500  -14.8   5.4   245   23   12   7.0   3.9   22.2  72.0    -1.5   1170  5.9
 18000  -13.2   8.2   250   22   11   7.0   3.9   21.5  70.8    -2.1   1100  5.6
 17500  -12.1  10.2   250   22   11   7.7   4.2   21.1  70.0    -2.5   1053  5.3
 17000  -11.0  12.2   245   23   12   7.7   4.2   20.8  69.4    -2.9   1004  5.1
 16500   -9.9  14.2   245   23   12   7.7   4.2   20.4  68.8    -3.2    956  4.9
 16000   -8.8  16.2   245   23   12   7.8   4.3   20.1  68.2    -3.6    907  4.6
 15500   -7.6  18.3   245   24   12   7.9   4.3   19.8  67.6    -3.9    858  4.4
 15000   -6.4  20.5   245   23   12   8.5   4.7   19.5  67.1    -4.2    807  4.1
 14500   -5.2  22.6   250   22   11   8.5   4.7   19.3  66.8    -4.4    755  3.8
 14000   -3.9  25.0   255   21   11   8.4   4.6   19.1  66.4    -4.7    703  3.6
 13500   -2.7  27.1   260   19   10   8.5   4.7   18.9  66.0    -4.9    651  3.3
 13000   -1.4  29.5   270   17    9   8.0   4.4   18.7  65.6    -5.2    599  3.0
 12500   -0.2  31.6   280   16    8   7.9   4.4   18.4  65.1    -5.5    549  2.8
 12000    1.0  33.8   290   15    8   9.0   4.9   18.2  64.7    -5.7    497  2.5
 11500    2.4  36.3   295   14    7   9.0   4.9   18.1  64.5    -5.8    441  2.2
 11000    3.6  38.5   300   13    7   9.0   4.9   17.9  64.2    -6.0    388  2.0
 10500    5.1  41.2   305   12    6   9.6   5.3   17.8  64.1    -6.1    331  1.7
 10250    5.8  42.4   305   11    6   8.9   4.9   17.8  64.1    -6.1    302  1.5
 10000    6.4  43.5   310   11    6   8.2   4.5   17.7  63.9    -6.3    276  1.4
  9750    7.0  44.6   315   11    6   8.6   4.7   17.6  63.7    -6.4    250  1.3
  9500    7.6  45.7   315   11    6   8.1   4.5   17.5  63.5    -6.5    224  1.1
  9250    8.3  46.9   320   11    5   9.6   5.2   17.4  63.4    -6.6    197  1.0
  9000    9.0  48.2   325   10    5   9.1   5.0   17.4  63.4    -6.6    168  0.9
  8750    9.6  49.3   325   10    5   6.9   3.8   17.3  63.1    -6.8    143  0.7
  8500   10.1  50.2   330   10    5   7.2   3.9   17.1  62.7    -7.0    120  0.6
  8250   10.6  51.1   335    9    5   7.0   3.8   16.9  62.4    -7.2     97  0.5
  8000   11.1  52.0   335    8    4   6.5   3.6   16.6  62.0    -7.5     74  0.4
  7750   11.6  52.9   340    8    4   5.5   3.0   16.4  61.4    -7.8     54  0.3
  7500   12.0  53.6   345    7    3   4.6   2.5   16.0  60.8    -8.2     35  0.2
  7250   12.3  54.1   350    6    3   2.9   1.6   15.6  60.0    -8.6     19  0.1
  7000   12.4  54.3   355    6    3   0.8   0.5   15.0  58.9    -9.2      8  0.0
  6750   12.5  54.5   355    5    3   4.2   2.3   14.4  57.8    -9.9      M    M
  6500   12.6  54.7   355    5    2  -9.7  -5.3   13.7  56.6   -10.6      M    M
  6250      M     M     M    M    M     M     M      M     M       M      M    M

 * * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * * 

           04/22/2025 at 0900 MDT          |       04/22/2025 at 1200 MDT        
                                           |
CAPE...     0.0    LI...       +3.6        | CAPE...     0.0    LI...       +2.7
CINH...     0.0    K Index...  +1.1        | CINH...    -0.5    K Index...  +9.4
                                           |
Height Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate | Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft | deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000 -61.6 -78.9  265  65 33   2.4   1.3 | -61.2 -78.2  265  64 33   1.9   1.0
 45000 -58.1 -72.6  265  64 33  -1.0  -0.5 | -58.5 -73.3  265  62 32  -1.0  -0.5
 40000 -59.3 -74.7  260  55 28  -0.8  -0.4 | -59.7 -75.5  260  52 27  -0.7  -0.4
 38000 -57.5 -71.5  260  50 26   4.8   2.6 | -58.0 -72.4  260  47 24   4.7   2.6
 36000 -54.6 -66.3  260  44 23   4.8   2.6 | -55.2 -67.4  260  43 22   4.7   2.6
 34000 -51.3 -60.3  260  40 20   7.5   4.1 | -51.7 -61.1  260  39 20   8.0   4.4
 32000 -46.2 -51.2  260  36 19   7.6   4.2 | -46.3 -51.3  255  37 19   8.1   4.4
 30000 -41.4 -42.5  260  34 17   8.3   4.5 | -41.4 -42.5  260  34 18   8.4   4.6
 29000 -39.0 -38.2  260  32 17   8.3   4.5 | -38.9 -38.0  260  33 17   8.4   4.6
 28000 -36.5 -33.7  260  31 16   8.3   4.5 | -36.3 -33.3  260  32 16   8.4   4.6
 27000 -34.1 -29.4  260  30 15   7.5   4.1 | -33.9 -29.0  260  30 15   8.1   4.4
 26000 -31.8 -25.2  255  28 14   7.6   4.1 | -31.4 -24.5  260  28 14   8.1   4.4
 25000 -29.5 -21.1  255  25 13   7.6   4.2 | -29.0 -20.2  260  25 13   8.1   4.4
 24000 -27.3 -17.1  255  23 12   7.4   4.1 | -26.6 -15.9  260  23 12   6.8   3.7
 23000 -25.1 -13.2  250  23 12   7.4   4.1 | -24.6 -12.3  250  22 11   6.9   3.8
 22000 -22.8  -9.0  245  22 11   7.4   4.1 | -22.5  -8.5  245  21 11   6.9   3.8
 21000 -20.6  -5.1  245  21 11   7.9   4.3 | -20.4  -4.7  245  21 11   7.6   4.2
 20000 -18.2  -0.8  250  21 11   7.9   4.3 | -18.1  -0.6  245  20 10   7.6   4.2
 19500 -17.1   1.2  250  21 11   7.9   4.3 | -17.0   1.4  250  20 10   7.6   4.2
 19000 -15.9   3.4  255  21 11   7.9   4.3 | -15.8   3.6  250  19 10   7.6   4.2
 18500 -14.2   6.4  255  22 11   7.6   4.2 | -14.2   6.4  255  20 10   7.2   3.9
 18000 -13.0   8.6  255  22 11   7.7   4.2 | -13.2   8.2  255  20 10   7.4   4.0
 17500 -11.9  10.6  255  23 12   6.8   3.7 | -12.2  10.0  255  21 11   5.4   3.0
 17000 -10.9  12.4  255  23 12   6.9   3.8 | -11.4  11.5  255  20 11   5.7   3.1
 16500  -9.9  14.2  255  23 12   6.8   3.7 | -10.6  12.9  255  20 10   6.5   3.5
 16000  -8.9  16.0  255  23 12   6.8   3.7 |  -9.6  14.7  255  18  9   6.9   3.8
 15500  -7.9  17.8  255  22 12   6.9   3.8 |  -8.6  16.5  255  17  9   7.4   4.1
 15000  -6.9  19.6  255  21 11   7.3   4.0 |  -7.4  18.7  255  15  8   8.8   4.8
 14500  -5.8  21.6  255  20 10   7.3   4.0 |  -6.1  21.0  255  14  7   8.8   4.8
 14000  -4.7  23.5  255  18  9   8.3   4.6 |  -4.7  23.5  255  12  6   9.3   5.1
 13500  -3.4  25.9  260  15  8   8.2   4.5 |  -3.3  26.1  255  11  6   9.3   5.1
 13000  -2.2  28.0  265  13  7   8.5   4.7 |  -1.9  28.6  255  10  5   9.5   5.2
 12500  -1.0  30.2  275  11  6   8.5   4.7 |  -0.5  31.1  255  10  5   9.5   5.2
 12000   0.3  32.5  280  10  5   9.0   4.9 |   0.9  33.6  250   9  5   9.8   5.4
 11500   1.7  35.1  290   9  5   9.0   4.9 |   2.4  36.3  250   9  4   9.7   5.3
 11000   3.0  37.4  295   9  5   9.3   5.1 |   3.8  38.8  250   8  4   9.4   5.2
 10500   4.4  39.9  300   8  4   9.4   5.2 |   5.2  41.4  250   7  4   9.4   5.2
 10250   5.1  41.2  305   8  4   8.8   4.8 |   5.9  42.6  245   7  3   9.9   5.4
 10000   5.8  42.4  305   8  4   8.7   4.8 |   6.7  44.1  245   6  3   9.9   5.4
  9750   6.4  43.5  310   8  4   9.3   5.1 |   7.4  45.3  245   6  3   9.6   5.3
  9500   7.1  44.8  315   7  4   8.9   4.9 |   8.1  46.6  240   6  3   9.1   5.0
  9250   7.8  46.0  315   7  4   9.9   5.4 |   8.8  47.8  240   5  3  11.3   6.2
  9000   8.6  47.5  320   6  3   9.3   5.1 |   9.7  49.5  235   5  2  11.2   6.2
  8750   9.2  48.6  320   6  3   7.6   4.2 |  10.5  50.9  235   4  2   8.9   4.9
  8500   9.8  49.6  320   5  3   7.9   4.3 |  11.1  52.0  230   4  2   9.3   5.1
  8250  10.3  50.5  320   5  3   6.6   3.6 |  11.8  53.2  225   4  2   9.8   5.4
  8000  10.8  51.4  320   4  2   5.3   2.9 |  12.6  54.7  225   4  2  10.3   5.6
  7750  11.1  52.0  320   4  2   4.5   2.4 |  13.4  56.1  220   3  2   9.8   5.4
  7500  11.4  52.5  320   3  2   4.1   2.3 |  14.1  57.4  215   3  2  10.0   5.5
  7250  11.8  53.2  325   3  1   5.1   2.8 |  14.9  58.8  210   3  2  10.4   5.7
  7000  12.2  54.0  335   2  1   5.2   2.9 |  15.7  60.3  205   3  1  10.9   6.0
  6750  12.6  54.7  345   2  1   6.6   3.6 |  16.4  61.5  195   3  1   9.7   5.3
  6500  13.2  55.8  355   2  1  11.5   6.3 |  17.2  63.0  190   3  1  12.6   6.9
  6250     M     M    M   M  M     M     M |     M     M    M   M  M     M     M

           04/22/2025 at 1500 MDT          |       04/22/2025 at 1800 MDT        
                                           |
CAPE...    +1.8    LI...        0.0        | CAPE...     0.0    LI...       +1.0
CINH...    -0.4    K Index... +10.6        | CINH...     0.0    K Index...  +9.0
                                           |
Height Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate | Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft | deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000 -61.1 -78.0  270  65 33   2.1   1.1 | -60.3 -76.5  270  60 31   2.8   1.5
 45000 -58.1 -72.6  260  64 33  -1.4  -0.8 | -56.7 -70.1  265  68 35  -2.9  -1.6
 40000 -59.9 -75.8  260  52 27  -1.1  -0.6 | -60.3 -76.5  270  58 30  -2.5  -1.4
 38000 -58.2 -72.8  260  48 25   4.7   2.6 | -58.8 -73.8  270  53 27   5.2   2.9
 36000 -55.4 -67.7  265  44 23   4.7   2.6 | -55.7 -68.3  270  49 25   5.2   2.9
 34000 -51.3 -60.3  265  41 21   8.2   4.5 | -51.5 -60.7  270  44 23   8.1   4.5
 32000 -46.4 -51.5  260  39 20   8.2   4.5 | -46.6 -51.9  265  41 21   8.1   4.5
 30000 -41.4 -42.5  260  36 19   8.4   4.6 | -41.7 -43.1  260  37 19   8.1   4.5
 29000 -38.9 -38.0  260  36 18   8.4   4.6 | -39.3 -38.7  260  35 18   8.1   4.5
 28000 -36.4 -33.5  255  35 18   8.4   4.6 | -36.9 -34.4  260  34 17   8.1   4.5
 27000 -33.9 -29.0  255  33 17   8.1   4.4 | -34.4 -29.9  260  32 16   8.2   4.5
 26000 -31.4 -24.5  255  32 16   8.1   4.5 | -32.0 -25.6  260  29 15   8.2   4.5
 25000 -29.0 -20.2  250  30 16   8.1   4.5 | -29.5 -21.1  255  27 14   8.2   4.5
 24000 -26.6 -15.9  250  29 15   6.9   3.8 | -27.1 -16.8  255  25 13   7.0   3.8
 23000 -24.6 -12.3  255  27 14   6.9   3.8 | -25.0 -13.0  255  22 11   7.0   3.8
 22000 -22.5  -8.5  255  26 13   6.9   3.8 | -22.9  -9.2  255  19 10   7.0   3.8
 21000 -20.5  -4.9  255  23 12   5.8   3.2 | -20.8  -5.4  255  18  9   8.0   4.4
 20000 -18.8  -1.8  250  19 10   6.0   3.3 | -17.8  -0.0  260  17  9   8.0   4.4
 19500 -17.9  -0.2  245  17  9   6.1   3.3 | -16.7   1.9  260  16  8   8.0   4.4
 19000 -17.1   1.2  245  15  8   5.9   3.3 | -15.5   4.1  260  16  8   8.3   4.5
 18500 -15.3   4.5  240  14  7   8.8   4.8 | -14.2   6.4  260  16  8   8.6   4.7
 18000 -14.0   6.8  235  13  7   8.8   4.8 | -12.9   8.8  255  15  8   8.6   4.7
 17500 -12.7   9.1  235  12  6   9.5   5.2 | -11.6  11.1  255  15  8   8.9   4.9
 17000 -11.3  11.7  235  12  6   9.4   5.2 | -10.3  13.5  250  15  7   8.9   4.9
 16500  -9.8  14.4  235  12  6   9.7   5.3 |  -9.0  15.8  245  14  7   9.0   4.9
 16000  -8.4  16.9  230  11  6   9.8   5.4 |  -7.6  18.3  240  14  7   9.0   5.0
 15500  -6.9  19.6  230  11  6   9.7   5.3 |  -6.3  20.7  235  13  7   9.1   5.0
 15000  -5.5  22.1  230  11  6   9.4   5.2 |  -4.9  23.2  230  13  7   9.3   5.1
 14500  -4.1  24.6  230  11  6   9.5   5.2 |  -3.5  25.7  230  13  7   9.3   5.1
 14000  -2.6  27.3  230  11  6   9.8   5.4 |  -2.1  28.2  225  13  7   9.4   5.2
 13500  -1.2  29.8  230  11  6   9.8   5.4 |  -0.7  30.7  225  13  6   9.4   5.1
 13000   0.3  32.5  230  11  5   9.7   5.3 |   0.7  33.3  225  12  6   9.8   5.4
 12500   1.8  35.2  230  11  5   9.6   5.3 |   2.2  36.0  225  12  6   9.8   5.4
 12000   3.2  37.8  230  11  5   9.9   5.5 |   3.7  38.7  225  12  6  10.1   5.5
 11500   4.7  40.5  230  10  5   9.7   5.3 |   5.2  41.4  230  12  6   9.8   5.4
 11000   6.1  43.0  230  10  5   9.7   5.3 |   6.6  43.9  230  11  6   9.5   5.2
 10500   7.6  45.7  235  10  5  10.0   5.5 |   8.0  46.4  230  11  6   9.9   5.4
 10250   8.3  46.9  235  10  5   9.3   5.1 |   8.8  47.8  230  11  6   9.0   4.9
 10000   9.0  48.2  235  10  5   9.3   5.1 |   9.4  48.9  235  11  6   9.1   5.0
  9750   9.7  49.5  235  10  5  10.3   5.6 |  10.2  50.4  235  11  6  10.3   5.7
  9500  10.5  50.9  235  10  5   9.6   5.3 |  10.9  51.6  235  11  6   9.6   5.3
  9250  11.2  52.2  235  10  5  11.5   6.3 |  11.7  53.1  235  11  6  11.4   6.2
  9000  12.1  53.8  235  10  5  10.7   5.9 |  12.5  54.5  240  11  5  10.5   5.8
  8750  12.8  55.0  235  10  5   8.5   4.7 |  13.2  55.8  240  11  5   8.4   4.6
  8500  13.5  56.3  235  10  5   8.8   4.8 |  13.9  57.0  240  10  5   8.6   4.7
  8250  14.1  57.4  235  10  5   9.9   5.4 |  14.5  58.1  240  10  5   9.7   5.3
  8000  15.0  59.0  235  10  5  10.9   6.0 |  15.3  59.5  245  10  5  10.7   5.9
  7750  15.7  60.3  235  10  5   9.8   5.4 |  16.1  61.0  245  10  5   9.6   5.3
  7500  16.4  61.5  235  10  5   9.7   5.3 |  16.8  62.2  245  10  5   9.1   5.0
  7250  17.2  63.0  235  10  5  10.4   5.7 |  17.5  63.5  250  10  5  10.2   5.6
  7000  18.0  64.4  235  10  5  11.2   6.2 |  18.3  64.9  250  10  5  11.2   6.2
  6750  18.8  65.8  235  10  5   9.8   5.4 |  19.1  66.4  250  10  5   9.4   5.2
  6500  19.6  67.3  235   9  5  14.1   7.7 |  19.7  67.5  255   9  5   9.3   5.1
  6250     M     M    M   M  M     M     M |     M     M    M   M  M     M     M
________________________________________________________________________________

This product is issued once per day, at approximately 730 AM local 
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial 
issuance. 

The information contained herein is based on numerical weather prediction
model data for the Moriarty Municipal Airport site in Moriarty, New Mexico at

                   North Latitude:  34.9781667 deg
                   West Longitude: 106.0000278 deg
                   Elevation: 6204.2 feet (1891.0 meters)

and may not be representative of other areas along and east of the Sandia
and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground.  Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.

The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice.  Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.

DEFINITIONS:

CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
     energy available for convective development, also known as the positive 
     area on a thermodynamic diagram.  Units are Joules per kilogram.  Larger
     values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of 
     stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms.  Values around or
     greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
     convective activity develop.

CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
     needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
     a thermodynamic diagram.  Units are Joules per kilogram.  The more negative
     this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection.  This
     inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
     lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)

Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
     average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
     if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it 
     just becomes saturated.  It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
     produced by surface heating only.

Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
     the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level.  It can be considered a
     "trigger temperature" for that level.

Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.

Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above 
     mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists.  The location and
     existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain 
     waves.

K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
     between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
     of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
     of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface.  Larger 
     positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of 
     thunderstorm development.  One interpretation of K index values regarding
     soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158 
     and is reproduced in the following table:

          below -10    no or weak thermals
           -10 to 5    dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
            5 to 15    good soaring conditions
           15 to 20    good soaring conditions with occasional showers
           20 to 30    excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
                       probability of showers and thunderstorms
           above 30    more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms

Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
     inversions. 

Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the 
     average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
     maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.

Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
     level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
     an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
     condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
     level.  The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum 
     temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
     feet of the airmass.  Negative values are indicative of instability with
     positive values showing stable conditions.

Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals.  It is
     computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
     level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
     Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
     are applied to these calculations.

Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
     forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.

Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals.  It 
     is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
     height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures 
     between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet 
     above the ground.  After this computation, further empirical adjustments
     are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
     middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
     temperature and the time of overdevelopment.  

Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
     or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds.  Broken means that
     between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
     conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
     Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
     some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
     that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
  
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights: 
     1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
        where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
     2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
        where the wind speed no longer increases with height

PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
     on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
     sea level).  Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.

Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
                 and the time of overdevelopment.

Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
     temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
     through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level.  Negative values
     are indicative of thermal lift.

Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the 
     computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
     cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
     temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:

                 Maximum rate of lift        Adjective Rating
                      >= 800 fpm                 Excellent
                 >= 400 and < 800 fpm              Good
                 >= 200 and < 400 fpm              Fair
                       < 200 fpm                   Poor  

Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
     which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
     1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
     2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
     3. initiation of widespread precipitation

Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
     reach the trigger temperature.

Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
     feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.

Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which 
     attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
     soaring into a single index number.  Objective points are assigned to
     these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
     stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
     the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough 
     movements.

042613

Soaring Forecast for Albuquerque NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0720 MDT Tuesday April 22 2025

This forecast is for Tuesday, April 22, 2025:

If the trigger temperature of 68.0 F/20.0 C is reached...then
   Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
   Maximum rate of lift........................ 1223 ft/min (6.2 m/s)
   Maximum height of thermals.................. 18366 ft MSL (13067 ft AGL)

Forecast maximum temperature................... 77.0 F/25.5 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1145 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 14650 ft MSL (9352 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Wednesday 04/23.... Excellent


Remarks... 

Sunrise/Sunset.................... 06:24:58 / 19:44:49 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 13 hr 19 min 51 sec (799 min 51 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:04:54 MDT... 67.41 degrees

Upper air data from rawinsonde observation taken on 04/22/2025 at 0600 MDT

Freezing level.................. 12403 ft MSL (7104 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 18430 ft MSL (13131 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 18554 ft MSL (13256 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -0.1
K index......................... +8.4

Height  Temperature  Wind  Wind Spd  Lapse Rate  ConvectionT  Thermal  Lift Rate
ft MSL  deg C deg F   Dir   kt  m/s  C/km F/kft  deg C deg F   Index    fpm  m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000  -62.5 -80.5   260   69   35   1.0   0.5   94.7 202.4    39.9      M    M
 45000  -58.4 -73.1   270   69   36   1.0   0.5   75.7 168.3    31.2      M    M
 40000  -59.5 -75.1   270   60   31  -4.7  -2.6   51.1 123.9    17.2      M    M
 38000  -58.7 -73.7   260   44   22   4.6   2.5   43.5 110.3    12.5      M    M
 36000  -55.9 -68.6   265   37   19   6.1   3.4   39.0 102.2     9.7      M    M
 34000  -51.2 -60.2   270   37   19   7.7   4.2   37.4  99.4     8.9      M    M
 32000  -45.7 -50.3   265   34   18   8.6   4.7   35.8  96.5     8.0      M    M
 30000  -40.7 -41.3   260   33   17   8.5   4.7   34.8  94.6     7.4      M    M
 29000  -38.2 -36.8   260   32   16   8.3   4.6   34.2  93.6     7.0      M    M
 28000  -35.9 -32.6   260   36   19   7.7   4.2   33.4  92.0     6.4      M    M
 27000  -33.7 -28.7   260   35   18   7.2   3.9   32.5  90.4     5.8      M    M
 26000  -31.4 -24.5   265   34   18   6.1   3.3   31.6  88.9     5.2      M    M
 25000  -29.4 -20.9   255   34   17   6.8   3.7   30.4  86.8     4.4      M    M
 24000  -27.3 -17.1   250   32   16   8.0   4.4   29.4  84.9     3.5      M    M
 23000  -24.8 -12.6   250   32   16   8.7   4.8   28.9  84.0     3.2      M    M
 22000  -22.5  -8.5   255   30   16   7.3   4.0   28.1  82.6     2.6      M    M
 21000  -20.4  -4.7   255   28   14   7.3   4.0   27.3  81.1     1.9      M    M
 20000  -18.1  -0.6   255   30   15   8.1   4.4   26.5  79.7     1.2      M    M
 19500  -16.9   1.6   255   27   14   8.0   4.4   26.2  79.1     1.0      M    M
 19000  -15.7   3.7   255   28   14   8.2   4.5   25.9  78.6     0.7      M    M
 18500  -14.6   5.7   250   28   14   5.5   3.0   25.5  77.8     0.3      M    M
 18000  -13.9   7.0   250   25   13   4.8   2.6   24.6  76.3    -0.4   1203  6.1
 17500  -13.2   8.2   250   24   12   6.8   3.7   23.8  74.9    -1.1   1166  5.9
 17000  -12.0  10.4   240   29   15   7.8   4.3   23.5  74.3    -1.4   1116  5.7
 16500  -10.8  12.6   245   27   14   7.9   4.3   23.2  73.7    -1.7   1067  5.4
 16000   -9.1  15.6   240   25   13   8.0   4.4   22.7  72.9    -2.2    992  5.0
 15500   -7.9  17.8   245   22   11   8.0   4.4   22.4  72.3    -2.5    942  4.8
 15000   -6.8  19.8   250   20   10   8.0   4.4   22.1  71.8    -2.8    893  4.5
 14500   -5.5  22.1   250   17    9   8.9   4.9   21.9  71.4    -3.1    841  4.3
 14000   -4.2  24.4   245   14    7   9.0   4.9   21.8  71.2    -3.2    786  4.0
 13500   -2.8  27.0   255   15    8   9.0   5.0   21.7  71.0    -3.3    730  3.7
 13000   -1.5  29.3   265   17    9   9.0   5.0   21.5  70.8    -3.4    674  3.4
 12500   -0.1  31.8   275   16    8   9.1   5.0   21.4  70.5    -3.6    619  3.1
 12000    1.2  34.2   280   14    7   8.3   4.5   21.2  70.2    -3.8    565  2.9
 11500    2.4  36.3   295   13    7   8.6   4.7   21.0  69.8    -4.1    516  2.6
 11000    3.7  38.7   305   12    6   8.9   4.9   20.9  69.6    -4.2    461  2.3
 10500    5.0  41.0   310   12    6   9.0   4.9   20.7  69.3    -4.4    406  2.1
 10250    5.7  42.3   300   14    7   8.8   4.8   20.7  69.2    -4.5    378  1.9
 10000    6.3  43.3   300   13    7   8.6   4.7   20.6  69.1    -4.6    352  1.8
  9750    7.0  44.6   300   10    5   8.6   4.7   20.5  68.9    -4.7    325  1.7
  9500    7.6  45.7   300   10    5   8.6   4.7   20.4  68.8    -4.8    299  1.5
  9250    8.3  46.9   295   10    5   8.6   4.7   20.4  68.6    -4.8    272  1.4
  9000    8.9  48.0   300   11    6   8.6   4.7   20.3  68.5    -4.9    246  1.2
  8750    9.5  49.1   310   11    6   8.6   4.7   20.2  68.3    -5.0    219  1.1
  8500   10.2  50.4   315   10    5   8.6   4.7   20.1  68.2    -5.2    193  1.0
  8250   10.8  51.4   330    8    4   8.6   4.7   20.0  68.0    -5.3    166  0.8
  8000   11.4  52.5   345    7    4   8.6   4.7   19.9  67.9    -5.4    140  0.7
  7750   12.1  53.8   350    8    4   8.6   4.7   19.8  67.7    -5.5    113  0.6
  7500   12.7  54.9   355    9    5   8.6   4.7   19.7  67.5    -5.6     87  0.4
  7250   13.4  56.1   350   10    5   9.2   5.0   19.7  67.4    -5.7     59  0.3
  7000   14.1  57.4   360   12    6   8.4   4.6   19.6  67.3    -5.7     31  0.2
  6750   14.6  58.3   360   12    6   6.5   3.6   19.4  67.0    -5.9      8  0.0
  6500   15.0  59.0   005   11    6   5.2   2.8   19.2  66.5    -6.2      M    M
  6250   15.4  59.7   010   10    5   8.2   4.5   18.9  66.0    -6.6      M    M
  6000   15.8  60.4   010   11    6  -2.2  -1.2   18.6  65.5    -6.9      M    M
  5750   14.7  58.5   010   13    6 -24.1 -13.2   16.8  62.2    -8.8      M    M
  5500   12.6  54.7   010   13    7 -29.2 -16.0   13.9  57.0   -11.7     32  0.2

 * * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * * 

           04/22/2025 at 0900 MDT          |       04/22/2025 at 1200 MDT        
                                           |
CAPE...     0.0    LI...       +3.4        | CAPE...     0.0    LI...       +3.2
CINH...     0.0    K Index...  +4.5        | CINH...    -0.5    K Index...  +3.8
                                           |
Height Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate | Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft | deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000 -61.3 -78.3  265  65 34   2.1   1.1 | -61.2 -78.2  265  63 32   1.9   1.0
 45000 -58.4 -73.1  265  64 33  -1.0  -0.6 | -58.5 -73.3  265  60 31  -1.0  -0.5
 40000 -59.7 -75.5  260  51 26  -0.8  -0.4 | -59.8 -75.6  260  49 25  -0.7  -0.4
 38000 -57.8 -72.0  260  47 24   5.2   2.8 | -57.9 -72.2  260  45 23   4.9   2.7
 36000 -54.7 -66.5  260  43 22   5.2   2.8 | -54.9 -66.8  260  42 22   4.9   2.7
 34000 -51.0 -59.8  255  39 20   7.6   4.2 | -51.4 -60.5  260  40 20   7.8   4.3
 32000 -46.4 -51.5  260  36 18   7.6   4.2 | -46.7 -52.1  255  38 19   7.8   4.3
 30000 -41.7 -43.1  260  33 17   8.4   4.6 | -41.9 -43.4  255  36 18   8.4   4.6
 29000 -39.2 -38.6  260  33 17   8.4   4.6 | -39.3 -38.7  255  35 18   8.4   4.6
 28000 -36.6 -33.9  260  32 17   8.4   4.6 | -36.2 -33.2  260  33 17   8.4   4.6
 27000 -33.6 -28.5  260  31 16   7.7   4.2 | -33.7 -28.7  260  32 16   7.9   4.3
 26000 -31.3 -24.3  260  29 15   7.7   4.2 | -31.3 -24.3  255  29 15   7.9   4.3
 25000 -28.9 -20.0  255  27 14   7.7   4.2 | -28.9 -20.0  255  26 13   7.9   4.3
 24000 -26.7 -16.1  255  25 13   6.7   3.7 | -26.6 -15.9  255  24 12   7.0   3.9
 23000 -24.7 -12.5  255  24 13   6.8   3.7 | -24.5 -12.1  250  23 12   7.1   3.9
 22000 -22.6  -8.7  255  24 12   6.8   3.7 | -22.4  -8.3  245  22 11   7.1   3.9
 21000 -20.5  -4.9  250  23 12   7.5   4.1 | -20.2  -4.4  240  21 11   7.3   4.0
 20000 -18.2  -0.8  255  23 12   7.5   4.1 | -18.0  -0.4  245  20 10   7.3   4.0
 19500 -17.1   1.2  255  23 12   7.5   4.1 | -16.9   1.6  245  19 10   7.3   4.0
 19000 -16.0   3.2  255  23 12   7.5   4.1 | -15.8   3.6  245  19 10   7.3   4.0
 18500 -14.9   5.2  255  23 12   7.3   4.0 | -14.7   5.5  245  18  9   7.2   4.0
 18000 -13.8   7.2  250  23 12   7.3   4.0 | -13.6   7.5  250  18  9   7.3   4.0
 17500 -12.7   9.1  250  23 12   7.1   3.9 | -12.6   9.3  250  18 10   7.0   3.9
 17000 -11.7  10.9  250  23 12   7.1   3.9 | -11.5  11.3  250  19 10   7.0   3.8
 16500 -10.6  12.9  250  23 12   7.1   3.9 | -10.5  13.1  245  19 10   7.1   3.9
 16000  -9.6  14.7  250  22 11   7.2   4.0 |  -9.4  15.1  245  18  9   7.3   4.0
 15500  -8.5  16.7  250  21 11   7.2   4.0 |  -8.3  17.1  245  18  9   7.3   4.0
 15000  -7.4  18.7  255  20 10   7.6   4.2 |  -7.2  19.0  245  18  9   8.3   4.6
 14500  -6.3  20.7  255  18  9   7.5   4.1 |  -6.0  21.2  245  17  9   8.3   4.5
 14000  -5.1  22.8  255  17  9   8.1   4.5 |  -4.7  23.5  245  16  8   8.3   4.6
 13500  -3.9  25.0  260  14  7   8.2   4.5 |  -3.5  25.7  240  15  7   8.3   4.6
 13000  -2.7  27.1  260  12  6   8.5   4.7 |  -2.2  28.0  240  13  7   8.8   4.8
 12500  -1.5  29.3  265  10  5   8.6   4.7 |  -0.9  30.4  240  12  6   8.9   4.9
 12000  -0.2  31.6  275   8  4   9.2   5.0 |   0.4  32.7  235  10  5   9.1   5.0
 11500   1.3  34.3  280   7  4   9.5   5.2 |   1.8  35.2  235   9  5   9.1   5.0
 11000   2.7  36.9  285   6  3   9.2   5.0 |   3.1  37.6  230   8  4   9.0   4.9
 10500   4.0  39.2  285   6  3   9.3   5.1 |   4.5  40.1  225   6  3   9.2   5.0
 10250   4.7  40.5  290   6  3   9.8   5.4 |   5.2  41.4  220   6  3   9.7   5.3
 10000   5.4  41.7  290   5  3   9.0   4.9 |   5.9  42.6  220   6  3   9.3   5.1
  9750   6.1  43.0  295   5  2   8.4   4.6 |   7.2  45.0  220   5  2   9.1   5.0
  9500   6.7  44.1  300   5  2   8.6   4.7 |   7.9  46.2  220   4  2   9.6   5.3
  9250   8.0  46.4  310   4  2   8.8   4.8 |   8.7  47.7  220   4  2   9.6   5.3
  9000   8.7  47.7  310   3  2   8.3   4.5 |   9.4  48.9  220   4  2   9.2   5.1
  8750   9.3  48.7  315   3  1   9.1   5.0 |  10.1  50.2  225   3  2   9.7   5.3
  8500  10.0  50.0  325   3  1   6.4   3.5 |  10.8  51.4  225   3  1   8.2   4.5
  8250  10.3  50.5  330   3  1   5.7   3.1 |  11.3  52.3  230   3  1   8.6   4.7
  8000  10.9  51.6  330   2  1   7.7   4.2 |  12.1  53.8  235   3  1  10.3   5.7
  7750  11.4  52.5  335   2  1   7.4   4.1 |  12.8  55.0  240   2  1   9.9   5.4
  7500  11.9  53.4  345   1  1   4.6   2.5 |  13.6  56.5  245   2  1   9.4   5.1
  7250  12.2  54.0  355   1  1   3.6   2.0 |  14.3  57.7  250   2  1   9.8   5.4
  7000  12.5  54.5  360   1  1   5.4   3.0 |  15.0  59.0  255   2  1  10.8   5.9
  6750  12.9  55.2  010   1  0   5.0   2.7 |  15.8  60.4  260   2  1  10.4   5.7
  6500  13.3  55.9  015   1  0   4.9   2.7 |  16.6  61.9  260   2  1  10.6   5.8
  6250  13.6  56.5  020   1  0   6.2   3.4 |  17.4  63.3  265   2  1   9.4   5.1
  6000  14.3  57.7  015   1  0  12.2   6.7 |  18.1  64.6  270   2  1  12.7   7.0
  5750  15.5  59.9  005   1  0  21.8  11.9 |  20.1  68.2  275   3  1  47.5  26.1
  5500     M     M    M   M  M     M     M |     M     M    M   M  M     M     M

           04/22/2025 at 1500 MDT          |       04/22/2025 at 1800 MDT        
                                           |
CAPE...     0.0    LI...       +2.7        | CAPE...     0.0    LI...       +0.8
CINH...    -0.4    K Index...  +9.7        | CINH...     0.0    K Index... +10.5
                                           |
Height Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate | Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft | deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000 -60.7 -77.3  265  64 33   1.6   0.9 | -60.3 -76.5  270  65 33   0.7   0.4
 45000 -58.3 -72.9  260  66 34  -1.6  -0.9 | -59.4 -74.9  265  73 38  -1.5  -0.8
 40000 -60.2 -76.4  260  51 26  -1.3  -0.7 | -61.5 -78.7  265  48 25  -1.2  -0.7
 38000 -58.6 -73.5  260  47 24   5.0   2.8 | -59.0 -74.2  265  43 22   6.4   3.5
 36000 -55.6 -68.1  265  44 23   5.0   2.8 | -55.1 -67.2  270  39 20   6.4   3.5
 34000 -51.4 -60.5  265  41 21   8.1   4.4 | -51.0 -59.8  270  37 19   7.7   4.2
 32000 -46.6 -51.9  260  39 20   8.1   4.4 | -46.4 -51.5  265  36 18   7.7   4.2
 30000 -41.7 -43.1  255  36 19   8.3   4.6 | -41.6 -42.9  260  34 18   8.5   4.7
 29000 -39.2 -38.6  255  35 18   8.4   4.6 | -39.0 -38.2  260  33 17   8.5   4.7
 28000 -36.8 -34.2  255  34 17   8.4   4.6 | -35.9 -32.6  260  31 16   8.5   4.7
 27000 -34.3 -29.7  255  32 16   8.3   4.6 | -33.3 -27.9  260  30 15   8.5   4.7
 26000 -31.7 -25.1  255  30 15   8.3   4.6 | -30.8 -23.4  260  29 15   8.5   4.7
 25000 -29.2 -20.6  250  28 14   8.4   4.6 | -28.2 -18.8  260  28 15   8.5   4.7
 24000 -26.8 -16.2  250  26 13   7.4   4.1 | -25.8 -14.4  260  28 14   6.3   3.4
 23000 -24.6 -12.3  250  23 12   7.3   4.0 | -23.9 -11.0  260  28 14   6.5   3.5
 22000 -21.8  -7.2  250  21 11   7.3   4.0 | -22.0  -7.6  260  28 15   6.5   3.6
 21000 -19.6  -3.3  255  19 10   7.5   4.1 | -20.1  -4.2  260  28 14   6.6   3.6
 20000 -17.4   0.7  255  19 10   7.6   4.1 | -18.1  -0.6  260  27 14   6.7   3.7
 19500 -16.2   2.8  255  19 10   7.6   4.1 | -17.2   1.0  260  26 14   6.7   3.7
 19000 -15.1   4.8  255  18  9   7.4   4.1 | -16.2   2.8  265  26 13   6.9   3.8
 18500 -14.1   6.6  255  18  9   7.0   3.8 | -15.0   5.0  260  24 13   9.1   5.0
 18000 -13.1   8.4  255  17  9   7.1   3.9 | -13.6   7.5  260  23 12   8.9   4.9
 17500 -12.0  10.4  255  16  8   7.1   3.9 | -12.3   9.9  260  21 11   9.3   5.1
 17000 -11.0  12.2  250  16  8   7.1   3.9 | -10.9  12.4  260  19 10   9.3   5.1
 16500 -10.0  14.0  250  15  8   7.3   4.0 |  -9.5  14.9  255  18  9   9.2   5.1
 16000  -8.9  16.0  245  14  7   7.6   4.2 |  -8.1  17.4  250  16  8   9.2   4.9
 15500  -7.8  18.0  240  13  7   7.7   4.2 |  -6.8  19.8  245  15  8   8.9   4.9
 15000  -6.5  20.3  240  12  6   8.6   4.7 |  -5.4  22.3  240  14  7   9.2   5.1
 14500  -5.3  22.5  235  11  6   8.4   4.6 |  -4.0  24.8  235  12  6   9.2   5.0
 14000  -4.0  24.8  230  10  5   9.3   5.1 |  -2.6  27.3  225  12  6   9.3   5.1
 13500  -2.6  27.3  230  10  5   9.3   5.1 |  -1.3  29.7  220  11  6   9.3   5.1
 13000  -1.2  29.8  230  10  5   9.6   5.3 |   0.1  32.2  210  11  6   9.4   5.2
 12500   0.2  32.4  225   9  5   9.6   5.3 |   1.6  34.9  205  10  5   9.5   5.2
 12000   1.7  35.1  225   9  5   9.7   5.3 |   3.0  37.4  195  10  5   9.6   5.3
 11500   3.1  37.6  225   9  5   9.7   5.3 |   4.4  39.9  190  10  5   9.6   5.3
 11000   4.6  40.3  225   9  4   9.7   5.3 |   5.9  42.6  185  11  5   9.5   5.2
 10500   6.0  42.8  220   8  4   9.7   5.3 |   7.3  45.1  180  11  5   9.5   5.2
 10250   6.7  44.1  225   8  4   9.8   5.4 |   8.0  46.4  180  11  5   9.4   5.2
 10000   7.5  45.5  225   8  4   9.7   5.3 |   9.5  49.1  175  11  6  10.3   5.6
  9750   8.2  46.8  225   8  4   9.7   5.3 |  10.2  50.4  170  11  6   9.9   5.4
  9500   8.9  48.0  220   8  4   9.6   5.3 |  11.0  51.8  170  11  6   9.0   4.9
  9250   9.6  49.3  220   7  4   9.4   5.2 |  11.6  52.9  170  11  6   9.0   4.9
  9000  10.3  50.5  225   7  4   9.4   5.2 |  12.3  54.1  170  11  6   9.6   5.3
  8750  11.8  53.2  220   7  4   9.3   5.1 |  13.0  55.4  165  11  6   9.2   5.0
  8500  12.5  54.5  220   7  3  10.4   5.7 |  13.7  56.7  165  11  6  10.3   5.7
  8250  13.3  55.9  225   7  3  10.6   5.8 |  14.6  58.3  165  11  6  10.5   5.8
  8000  14.0  57.2  225   6  3   9.6   5.3 |  15.3  59.5  165  11  6   9.4   5.2
  7750  14.8  58.6  225   6  3  10.0   5.5 |  16.0  60.8  160  11  6   9.8   5.4
  7500  15.5  59.9  225   6  3   9.4   5.2 |  16.7  62.1  160  11  6   9.2   5.1
  7250  16.2  61.2  220   5  3   9.8   5.4 |  17.4  63.3  160  11  6   9.4   5.2
  7000  17.0  62.6  225   5  3  10.6   5.8 |  18.2  64.8  160  11  6  10.1   5.5
  6750  17.7  63.9  225   5  3  10.5   5.7 |  18.9  66.0  155  11  6   9.9   5.4
  6500  18.5  65.3  225   5  2   9.9   5.4 |  19.6  67.3  155  11  6  10.1   5.6
  6250  19.3  66.7  225   4  2  13.8   7.6 |  20.5  68.9  155  11  5  12.2   6.7
  6000  20.7  69.3  225   4  2  21.7  11.9 |  21.5  70.7  150  10  5  15.2   8.3
  5750  22.0  71.6  225   4  2   7.3   4.0 |  22.5  72.5  150   9  5  10.1   5.6
  5500     M     M    M   M  M     M     M |     M     M    M   M  M     M     M
________________________________________________________________________________

This product is issued twice per day, at approximately 730 AM and 730 PM local 
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance. 

The information contained herein is based on rawinsonde observation and/or
numerical weather prediction model data taken at the Albuquerque International
Sunport site in Albuquerque, New Mexico at

                   North Latitude:  35.03806 deg
                   West Longitude: 106.62194 deg
                   Elevation: 5298.6 feet (1615 meters)

and may not be representative of other areas, especially along and east of 
the Sandia and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground.  Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.

The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice.  Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.

DEFINITIONS:

CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
     energy available for convective development, also known as the positive 
     area on a thermodynamic diagram.  Units are Joules per kilogram.  Larger
     values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of 
     stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms.  Values around or
     greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
     convective activity develop.

CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
     needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
     a thermodynamic diagram.  Units are Joules per kilogram.  The more negative
     this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection.  This
     inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
     lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)

Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
     average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
     if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it 
     just becomes saturated.  It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
     produced by surface heating only.

Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
     the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level.  It can be considered a
     "trigger temperature" for that level.

Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.

Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above 
     mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists.  The location and
     existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain 
     waves.

K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
     between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
     of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
     of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface.  Larger 
     positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of 
     thunderstorm development.  One interpretation of K index values regarding
     soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158 
     and is reproduced in the following table:

          below -10    no or weak thermals
           -10 to 5    dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
            5 to 15    good soaring conditions
           15 to 20    good soaring conditions with occasional showers
           20 to 30    excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
                       probability of showers and thunderstorms
           above 30    more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms

Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
     inversions. 

Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the 
     average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
     maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.

Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
     level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
     an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
     condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
     level.  The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum 
     temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
     feet of the airmass.  Negative values are indicative of instability with
     positive values showing stable conditions.

Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals.  It is
     computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
     level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
     Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
     are applied to these calculations.

Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
     forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.

Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals.  It 
     is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
     height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures 
     between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet 
     above the ground.  After this computation, further empirical adjustments
     are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
     middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
     temperature and the time of overdevelopment.  

Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
     or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds.  Broken means that
     between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
     conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
     Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
     some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
     that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
  
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights: 
     1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
        where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
     2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
        where the wind speed no longer increases with height

PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
     on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
     sea level).  Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.

Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
                 and the time of overdevelopment.

Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
     temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
     through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level.  Negative values
     are indicative of thermal lift.

Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the 
     computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
     cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
     temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:

                 Maximum rate of lift        Adjective Rating
                      >= 800 fpm                 Excellent
                 >= 400 and < 800 fpm              Good
                 >= 200 and < 400 fpm              Fair
                       < 200 fpm                   Poor  

Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
     which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
     1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
     2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
     3. initiation of widespread precipitation

Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
     reach the trigger temperature.

Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
     feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.

Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which 
     attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
     soaring into a single index number.  Objective points are assigned to
     these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
     stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
     the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough 
     movements.

042613

Soaring Forecast for Santa Fe NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0720 MDT Tuesday April 22 2025

This forecast is for Tuesday, April 22, 2025:

If the trigger temperature of 61.3 F/16.3 C is reached...then
   Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
   Maximum rate of lift........................ 1376 ft/min (7.0 m/s)
   Maximum height of thermals.................. 20972 ft MSL (14517 ft AGL)

Forecast maximum temperature................... 74.0 F/23.8 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1015 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 17390 ft MSL (10935 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Wednesday 04/23.... Excellent


Remarks... 

Sunrise/Sunset.................... 06:22:03 / 19:43:31 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 13 hr 21 min 28 sec (801 min 28 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:02:47 MDT... 66.86 degrees

Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 04/22/2025 at 0600 MDT

Freezing level.................. 12036 ft MSL (5581 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 20253 ft MSL (13798 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 20737 ft MSL (14282 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -0.0
K index......................... +6.1

Height  Temperature  Wind  Wind Spd  Lapse Rate  ConvectionT  Thermal  Lift Rate
ft MSL  deg C deg F   Dir   kt  m/s  C/km F/kft  deg C deg F   Index    fpm  m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000  -60.7 -77.3   265   62   32   1.8   1.0   91.4 196.6    39.7      M    M
 45000  -58.2 -72.8   265   70   36  -1.1  -0.6   73.1 163.6    30.9      M    M
 40000  -61.2 -78.2   265   55   28  -1.8  -1.0   44.4 111.9    14.1      M    M
 38000  -59.0 -74.2   265   49   25   6.2   3.4   38.9 102.0    10.7      M    M
 36000  -55.3 -67.5   260   44   22   6.2   3.4   35.8  96.5     8.8      M    M
 34000  -51.2 -60.2   260   39   20   8.0   4.4   33.5  92.3     7.4      M    M
 32000  -46.4 -51.5   260   37   19   8.0   4.4   32.0  89.6     6.4      M    M
 30000  -41.7 -43.1   265   36   19   7.6   4.2   30.7  87.2     5.5      M    M
 29000  -39.4 -38.9   260   36   18   7.6   4.2   29.7  85.5     4.9      M    M
 28000  -37.1 -34.8   260   36   18   7.6   4.2   29.0  84.2     4.4      M    M
 27000  -34.3 -29.7   260   35   18   7.6   4.2   28.0  82.4     3.7      M    M
 26000  -32.0 -25.6   260   34   18   7.6   4.2   27.1  80.8     3.0      M    M
 25000  -29.7 -21.5   260   33   17   7.6   4.2   26.4  79.5     2.4      M    M
 24000  -27.4 -17.3   260   32   17   7.7   4.2   25.6  78.2     1.9      M    M
 23000  -25.1 -13.2   260   32   16   7.7   4.2   24.8  76.7     1.2      M    M
 22000  -22.8  -9.0   260   31   16   7.7   4.2   24.1  75.5     0.7      M    M
 21000  -20.6  -5.1   260   31   16   7.2   4.0   23.4  74.1     0.0      M    M
 20000  -18.4  -1.1   260   30   15   7.2   4.0   22.4  72.4    -0.8   1282  6.5
 19500  -17.3   0.9   255   29   15   7.2   4.0   22.0  71.7    -1.2   1235  6.3
 19000  -16.2   2.8   255   29   15   7.3   4.0   21.6  71.0    -1.5   1188  6.0
 18500  -15.2   4.6   255   28   15   6.8   3.7   21.2  70.1    -2.0   1142  5.8
 18000  -14.2   6.4   255   28   15   6.8   3.8   20.7  69.2    -2.4   1097  5.6
 17500  -13.2   8.2   250   28   15   7.0   3.9   20.2  68.4    -2.9   1052  5.3
 17000  -12.1  10.2   250   28   14   7.1   3.9   19.7  67.5    -3.3   1006  5.1
 16500  -11.1  12.0   250   28   14   7.2   4.0   19.3  66.8    -3.7    959  4.9
 16000  -10.0  14.0   250   27   14   7.5   4.1   18.9  66.0    -4.2    912  4.6
 15500   -8.9  16.0   250   26   13   7.5   4.1   18.5  65.4    -4.6    865  4.4
 15000   -7.8  18.0   255   24   12   7.8   4.3   18.2  64.7    -4.9    817  4.2
 14500   -6.7  19.9   255   22   11   7.8   4.3   17.9  64.2    -5.3    768  3.9
 14000   -5.5  22.1   260   20   11   8.6   4.7   17.6  63.7    -5.6    718  3.6
 13500   -4.2  24.4   265   19   10   8.7   4.8   17.4  63.4    -5.8    664  3.4
 13000   -2.9  26.8   275   18    9   8.9   4.9   17.3  63.1    -6.0    611  3.1
 12500   -1.6  29.1   280   18    9   8.9   4.9   17.1  62.9    -6.2    556  2.8
 12000   -0.2  31.6   285   17    9   9.0   5.0   17.0  62.6    -6.3    501  2.5
 11500    1.2  34.2   290   17    9   9.1   5.0   16.9  62.5    -6.4    445  2.3
 11000    3.2  37.8   300   16    8   8.9   4.9   16.8  62.2    -6.6    362  1.8
 10500    4.5  40.1   305   15    8   8.6   4.7   16.6  61.9    -6.8    307  1.6
 10250    5.2  41.4   305   15    8   8.7   4.8   16.5  61.8    -6.9    280  1.4
 10000    5.8  42.4   305   14    7   9.2   5.0   16.5  61.6    -7.0    252  1.3
  9750    6.5  43.7   305   13    7   9.0   4.9   16.4  61.5    -7.0    225  1.1
  9500    7.2  45.0   305   12    6   9.2   5.1   16.4  61.5    -7.1    197  1.0
  9250    7.9  46.2   305   11    6   8.5   4.7   16.3  61.4    -7.2    169  0.9
  9000    8.5  47.3   310   10    5   7.5   4.1   16.2  61.1    -7.3    144  0.7
  8750    9.0  48.2   310    8    4   7.7   4.2   16.0  60.8    -7.5    119  0.6
  8500    9.6  49.3   315    7    4   7.1   3.9   15.8  60.5    -7.7     95  0.5
  8250   10.1  50.2   320    6    3   4.9   2.7   15.6  60.0    -8.0     74  0.4
  8000   10.4  50.7   330    6    3   3.1   1.7   15.1  59.2    -8.4     57  0.3
  7750   10.6  51.1   345    5    3   3.1   1.7   14.6  58.3    -8.9     43  0.2
  7500   10.8  51.4   360    5    3   2.2   1.2   14.1  57.4    -9.5     29  0.1
  7250   10.9  51.6   005    5    3   0.0   0.0   13.4  56.2   -10.1     19  0.1
  7000   11.0  51.8   010    5    3   2.6   1.4   12.7  54.9   -10.9     10  0.1
  6750   11.0  51.8   015    5    3  -8.6  -4.7   12.0  53.6   -11.6      3  0.0
  6500    7.6  45.7   025    5    2 -99.0 -54.3    7.9  46.2   -15.7     97  0.5

 * * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * * 

           04/22/2025 at 0900 MDT          |       04/22/2025 at 1200 MDT        
                                           |
CAPE...     0.0    LI...       +3.5        | CAPE...     0.0    LI...       +2.6
CINH...     0.0    K Index...  -0.8        | CINH...    -0.5    K Index...  +3.3
                                           |
Height Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate | Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft | deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000 -60.8 -77.4  265  62 32   1.9   1.1 | -60.8 -77.4  265  61 31   1.7   0.9
 45000 -58.1 -72.6  265  65 34  -0.7  -0.4 | -58.4 -73.1  265  60 31  -0.7  -0.4
 40000 -60.7 -77.3  265  50 26  -1.6  -0.9 | -60.9 -77.6  265  46 24  -1.5  -0.8
 38000 -58.7 -73.7  260  47 24   5.7   3.1 | -58.8 -73.8  260  45 23   5.7   3.1
 36000 -55.2 -67.4  260  46 23   5.7   3.1 | -55.4 -67.7  260  45 23   5.7   3.1
 34000 -51.4 -60.5  260  43 22   7.7   4.3 | -51.5 -60.7  260  44 23   7.7   4.2
 32000 -46.8 -52.2  260  39 20   7.8   4.3 | -46.9 -52.4  255  41 21   7.7   4.2
 30000 -42.0 -43.6  260  35 18   8.1   4.5 | -42.2 -44.0  255  37 19   8.1   4.5
 29000 -39.6 -39.3  260  35 18   8.1   4.5 | -39.8 -39.6  255  35 18   8.1   4.5
 28000 -37.2 -35.0  260  34 18   8.2   4.5 | -36.8 -34.2  255  33 17   8.1   4.5
 27000 -34.2 -29.6  260  33 17   7.3   4.0 | -34.3 -29.7  255  31 16   8.0   4.4
 26000 -32.0 -25.6  260  31 16   7.4   4.0 | -31.9 -25.4  255  30 15   8.0   4.4
 25000 -29.8 -21.6  260  29 15   7.4   4.0 | -29.6 -21.3  255  28 15   8.0   4.4
 24000 -27.5 -17.5  260  28 14   7.7   4.2 | -27.2 -17.0  255  27 14   7.5   4.1
 23000 -25.2 -13.4  260  28 14   7.7   4.2 | -24.9 -12.8  255  26 13   7.5   4.1
 22000 -22.9  -9.2  255  28 14   7.7   4.2 | -22.6  -8.7  255  25 13   7.5   4.1
 21000 -20.6  -5.1  255  28 14   7.7   4.2 | -20.4  -4.7  255  24 12   7.2   4.0
 20000 -18.3  -0.9  255  28 14   7.7   4.2 | -18.3  -0.9  255  24 12   7.2   4.0
 19500 -17.1   1.2  260  28 14   7.7   4.2 | -17.2   1.0  255  23 12   7.2   4.0
 19000 -16.0   3.2  260  28 14   7.7   4.2 | -16.1   3.0  255  23 12   7.2   4.0
 18500 -14.8   5.4  260  28 14   7.4   4.1 | -15.0   5.0  260  23 12   7.3   4.0
 18000 -13.7   7.3  260  27 14   7.4   4.1 | -13.9   7.0  260  23 12   7.3   4.0
 17500 -12.6   9.3  260  27 14   7.1   3.9 | -12.9   8.8  260  23 12   7.3   4.0
 17000 -11.6  11.1  260  27 14   7.0   3.8 | -11.8  10.8  260  22 11   7.3   4.0
 16500 -10.5  13.1  260  26 13   6.9   3.8 | -10.7  12.7  265  21 11   7.4   4.0
 16000  -9.6  14.7  260  25 13   6.6   3.6 |  -9.6  14.7  265  20 10   7.6   4.1
 15500  -8.6  16.5  260  24 13   6.6   3.6 |  -8.5  16.7  265  19 10   7.6   4.1
 15000  -7.6  18.3  260  23 12   7.2   4.0 |  -7.4  18.7  265  18  9   7.8   4.3
 14500  -6.5  20.3  260  22 11   7.2   3.9 |  -6.2  20.8  265  16  8   7.8   4.3
 14000  -5.5  22.1  260  20 11   7.7   4.2 |  -5.1  22.8  265  15  8   8.3   4.5
 13500  -4.3  24.3  265  18  9   7.8   4.3 |  -3.9  25.0  265  13  7   8.3   4.6
 13000  -3.2  26.2  275  16  8   8.6   4.7 |  -2.6  27.3  265  12  6   8.9   4.9
 12500  -1.8  28.8  280  15  8   9.0   4.9 |  -1.2  29.8  265  11  6   9.1   5.0
 12000  -0.5  31.1  290  14  7   9.2   5.0 |   0.1  32.2  265  10  5   9.5   5.2
 11500   0.9  33.6  300  14  7   9.3   5.1 |   2.3  36.1  265   9  5   8.9   4.9
 11000   2.9  37.2  305  13  7   8.8   4.8 |   3.6  38.5  265   8  4   9.7   5.3
 10500   4.3  39.7  310  12  6   9.0   4.9 |   5.1  41.2  260   8  4   9.9   5.4
 10250   5.0  41.0  315  11  6   9.1   5.0 |   5.8  42.4  260   8  4  10.0   5.5
 10000   5.6  42.1  315  11  6   8.9   4.9 |   6.5  43.7  260   7  4   9.7   5.3
  9750   6.3  43.3  320  10  5   9.1   5.0 |   7.3  45.1  260   7  4   9.8   5.4
  9500   7.0  44.6  320  10  5   8.7   4.8 |   8.0  46.4  260   7  4   9.6   5.3
  9250   7.6  45.7  320   9  4   7.7   4.2 |   8.7  47.7  260   7  3   9.6   5.3
  9000   8.1  46.6  325   8  4   7.3   4.0 |   9.5  49.1  260   7  3   9.9   5.4
  8750   8.7  47.7  330   7  4   7.9   4.3 |  10.2  50.4  260   7  3   9.8   5.4
  8500   9.3  48.7  335   7  4   6.3   3.5 |  10.9  51.6  260   6  3   9.9   5.4
  8250   9.6  49.3  345   6  3   4.0   2.2 |  11.7  53.1  260   6  3  10.3   5.6
  8000  10.0  50.0  355   6  3   5.3   2.9 |  12.5  54.5  255   6  3  10.4   5.7
  7750  10.4  50.7  355   6  3   6.7   3.7 |  13.2  55.8  255   6  3  10.5   5.8
  7500  10.9  51.6  360   5  3   5.3   2.9 |  14.0  57.2  255   6  3  10.3   5.7
  7250  11.2  52.2  360   5  3   4.1   2.2 |  14.8  58.6  255   6  3  10.6   5.8
  7000  11.6  52.9  360   5  2   6.0   3.3 |  15.6  60.1  255   6  3   9.2   5.0
  6750  12.2  54.0  360   4  2  12.2   6.7 |  16.3  61.3  255   5  3  13.5   7.4
  6500  13.6  56.5  355   4  2  27.2  14.9 |  18.6  65.5  255   5  3  58.9  32.3

           04/22/2025 at 1500 MDT          |       04/22/2025 at 1800 MDT        
                                           |
CAPE...     0.0    LI...       +1.9        | CAPE...     0.0    LI...       +1.5
CINH...    -0.4    K Index...  +7.3        | CINH...     0.0    K Index... +12.4
                                           |
Height Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate | Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft | deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000 -61.0 -77.8  270  63 33   1.7   0.9 | -60.8 -77.4  275  58 30   2.3   1.3
 45000 -58.6 -73.5  265  63 33  -0.6  -0.3 | -57.5 -71.5  265  64 33  -2.2  -1.2
 40000 -60.6 -77.1  260  44 23  -1.2  -0.7 | -60.3 -76.5  265  54 28  -1.8  -1.0
 38000 -58.6 -73.5  265  42 22   5.5   3.0 | -58.7 -73.7  265  51 26   4.9   2.7
 36000 -55.4 -67.7  265  43 22   5.5   3.0 | -55.7 -68.3  265  47 24   4.9   2.7
 34000 -51.6 -60.9  265  44 23   7.7   4.2 | -52.2 -62.0  265  44 23   7.8   4.3
 32000 -47.0 -52.6  260  43 22   7.7   4.2 | -47.5 -53.5  265  42 22   7.8   4.3
 30000 -42.3 -44.1  255  41 21   8.2   4.5 | -42.7 -44.9  260  39 20   8.2   4.5
 29000 -39.8 -39.6  260  39 20   8.2   4.5 | -39.7 -39.5  260  36 19   8.2   4.5
 28000 -36.7 -34.1  260  37 19   8.2   4.5 | -37.2 -35.0  260  34 17   8.2   4.5
 27000 -34.3 -29.7  260  35 18   7.9   4.3 | -34.7 -30.5  260  31 16   8.2   4.5
 26000 -31.9 -25.4  255  32 17   7.9   4.3 | -32.2 -26.0  260  29 15   8.2   4.5
 25000 -29.6 -21.3  255  30 15   7.9   4.3 | -29.8 -21.6  260  26 13   8.2   4.5
 24000 -27.3 -17.1  255  27 14   7.1   3.9 | -27.3 -17.1  265  23 12   7.6   4.2
 23000 -25.1 -13.2  255  25 13   7.2   4.0 | -25.0 -13.0  265  20 10   7.7   4.2
 22000 -22.9  -9.2  255  24 12   7.2   4.0 | -22.8  -9.0  265  17  9   7.7   4.2
 21000 -20.7  -5.3  255  22 11   8.0   4.4 | -20.4  -4.7  265  15  8   8.0   4.4
 20000 -18.3  -0.9  255  20 10   8.0   4.4 | -18.1  -0.6  265  15  8   8.0   4.4
 19500 -17.1   1.2  255  19 10   8.0   4.4 | -16.9   1.6  265  15  8   8.0   4.4
 19000 -15.9   3.4  260  18  9   8.0   4.4 | -15.7   3.7  270  15  8   8.0   4.4
 18500 -14.7   5.5  260  17  9   7.9   4.4 | -14.5   5.9  270  15  8   7.8   4.3
 18000 -13.6   7.5  260  16  8   8.0   4.4 | -13.4   7.9  270  15  8   7.8   4.3
 17500 -12.4   9.7  260  15  8   7.6   4.2 | -12.2  10.0  270  15  8   8.4   4.6
 17000 -11.3  11.7  260  14  7   7.6   4.2 | -10.9  12.4  270  14  7   8.7   4.8
 16500 -10.2  13.6  260  13  7   7.8   4.3 |  -9.6  14.7  270  13  7   8.8   4.8
 16000  -9.0  15.8  255  12  6   8.3   4.5 |  -8.3  17.1  270  13  6   9.0   4.9
 15500  -7.8  18.0  255  11  6   8.2   4.5 |  -6.9  19.6  270  12  6   9.0   4.9
 15000  -6.5  20.3  250  11  6   9.1   5.0 |  -5.6  21.9  265  11  6   8.8   4.8
 14500  -5.2  22.6  250  11  5   9.0   4.9 |  -4.3  24.3  260  11  6   8.8   4.8
 14000  -3.8  25.2  245  11  5   9.5   5.2 |  -3.0  26.6  255  11  6   8.9   4.9
 13500  -2.4  27.7  245  11  5   9.5   5.2 |  -1.7  28.9  250  10  5   8.9   4.9
 13000  -1.0  30.2  245  11  5   9.6   5.3 |  -0.3  31.5  245  10  5   9.2   5.0
 12500   0.5  32.9  245  11  6   9.6   5.3 |   1.8  35.2  240  10  5   9.4   5.1
 12000   1.9  35.4  240  11  6   9.6   5.3 |   3.2  37.8  240  10  5   9.6   5.3
 11500   4.1  39.4  240  11  6   9.5   5.2 |   4.6  40.3  235   9  5   9.3   5.1
 11000   5.5  41.9  240  11  6   9.9   5.4 |   6.1  43.0  235  10  5   9.9   5.4
 10500   7.0  44.6  240  12  6   9.4   5.2 |   7.6  45.7  235   9  5   9.7   5.3
 10250   7.7  45.9  240  12  6   9.4   5.2 |   8.3  46.9  235  10  5   9.7   5.3
 10000   8.4  47.1  240  12  6  10.0   5.5 |   9.0  48.2  235  10  5  10.0   5.5
  9750   9.2  48.6  240  12  6   9.8   5.4 |   9.8  49.6  230  10  5  10.1   5.6
  9500   9.9  49.8  240  12  6   9.9   5.5 |  10.5  50.9  230  10  5   9.3   5.1
  9250  10.6  51.1  240  12  6   9.9   5.5 |  11.2  52.2  230  10  5   9.0   5.0
  9000  11.4  52.5  240  12  6   9.8   5.4 |  11.9  53.4  230  10  5   9.8   5.4
  8750  12.1  53.8  240  13  7   9.8   5.4 |  12.6  54.7  230  10  5   9.5   5.2
  8500  12.9  55.2  240  13  7   9.9   5.4 |  13.3  55.9  230  10  5   9.8   5.4
  8250  13.6  56.5  240  13  7  10.2   5.6 |  14.1  57.4  230  10  5  10.3   5.7
  8000  14.4  57.9  240  13  7  10.4   5.7 |  14.9  58.8  230  10  5  10.1   5.5
  7750  15.2  59.4  240  13  7  10.4   5.7 |  15.6  60.1  230  10  5   9.6   5.2
  7500  15.9  60.6  240  13  7  10.3   5.7 |  16.3  61.3  230  10  5   9.9   5.5
  7250  16.7  62.1  240  13  7  10.7   5.9 |  17.1  62.8  230   9  5  10.4   5.7
  7000  17.5  63.5  240  13  7   9.5   5.2 |  17.9  64.2  230   9  5  12.3   6.8
  6750  18.3  64.9  240  13  6  15.5   8.5 |  18.9  66.0  230   9  4  15.1   8.3
  6500  20.9  69.6  240  12  6  67.7  37.2 |  19.9  67.8  230   8  4  10.3   5.6
________________________________________________________________________________

This product is issued once per day, at approximately 730 AM local 
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial 
issuance. 

The information contained herein is based on numerical weather prediction
model data for the Santa Fe County Municipal Airport site in Santa Fe, New Mexico at

                   North Latitude: 35.61097 deg
                   West Longitude: 106.61097 deg
                   Elevation: 6279.5 feet (1936.0 meters)

and may not be representative of other areas along and east of the Sandia
and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground.  Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.

The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice.  Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.

DEFINITIONS:

CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
     energy available for convective development, also known as the positive 
     area on a thermodynamic diagram.  Units are Joules per kilogram.  Larger
     values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of 
     stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms.  Values around or
     greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
     convective activity develop.

CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
     needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
     a thermodynamic diagram.  Units are Joules per kilogram.  The more negative
     this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection.  This
     inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
     lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)

Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
     average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
     if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it 
     just becomes saturated.  It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
     produced by surface heating only.

Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
     the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level.  It can be considered a
     "trigger temperature" for that level.

Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.

Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above 
     mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists.  The location and
     existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain 
     waves.

K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
     between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
     of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
     of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface.  Larger 
     positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of 
     thunderstorm development.  One interpretation of K index values regarding
     soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158 
     and is reproduced in the following table:

          below -10    no or weak thermals
           -10 to 5    dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
            5 to 15    good soaring conditions
           15 to 20    good soaring conditions with occasional showers
           20 to 30    excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
                       probability of showers and thunderstorms
           above 30    more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms

Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
     inversions. 

Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the 
     average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
     maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.

Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
     level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
     an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
     condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
     level.  The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum 
     temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
     feet of the airmass.  Negative values are indicative of instability with
     positive values showing stable conditions.

Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals.  It is
     computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
     level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
     Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
     are applied to these calculations.

Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
     forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.

Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals.  It 
     is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
     height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures 
     between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet 
     above the ground.  After this computation, further empirical adjustments
     are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
     middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
     temperature and the time of overdevelopment.  

Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
     or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds.  Broken means that
     between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
     conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
     Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
     some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
     that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
  
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights: 
     1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
        where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
     2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
        where the wind speed no longer increases with height

PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
     on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
     sea level).  Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.

Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
                 and the time of overdevelopment.

Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
     temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
     through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level.  Negative values
     are indicative of thermal lift.

Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the 
     computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
     cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
     temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:

                 Maximum rate of lift        Adjective Rating
                      >= 800 fpm                 Excellent
                 >= 400 and < 800 fpm              Good
                 >= 200 and < 400 fpm              Fair
                       < 200 fpm                   Poor  

Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
     which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
     1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
     2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
     3. initiation of widespread precipitation

Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
     reach the trigger temperature.

Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
     feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.

Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which 
     attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
     soaring into a single index number.  Objective points are assigned to
     these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
     stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
     the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough 
     movements.

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Latest Upper Air Sounding from Albuquerque (Weather Balloon Data issued twice daily)


 
 

Latest Winds Aloft Over Albuquerque (Weather Balloon Data issued twice daily)

 


 

Albuquerque (KABX) Radar Velocity Azimuth Display Wind Profile (Observed)

Albuquerque Vertical Wind Profile (Forecast from Rapid Refresh Model)

Lowest 2000 ft Above Ground Level

Vertical Wind Profile (for lowest 2000 ft)

Albuquerque Vertical Wind Profiler at Double Eagle Airport (Real-time observations)

Note: The Wind Profiler is moved to Balloon Fiesta Park during Balloon Fiesta

Double Eagle (Albuquerque) Vertical Wind Profiler

Map of Surface Observations (Including Winds)
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Phone Numbers for Up-to-the-Minute Airport Observations

  • Albuquerque International Sunport (KABQ): (505) 242-4044

  • Albuquerque Double Eagle II Airport (KAEG): (505) 842-2009

  • Grants-Milan Municipal Airport (KGNT): (505) 287-9890

  • Belen Regional Airport (KBRG): (505) 864-4375

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