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Latest Soaring Forecasts
 

Soaring Forecast for Moriarty NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0706 MDT Sunday July 6 2025

This forecast is for Sunday, July 6, 2025:

If the trigger temperature of 81.7 F/27.6 C is reached...then
   Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
   Maximum rate of lift........................ 1232 ft/min (6.3 m/s)
   Maximum height of thermals.................. 19018 ft MSL (12687 ft AGL)

Forecast maximum temperature................... 89.0 F/32.1 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1130 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ 1500 MDT
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 11696 ft MSL (5364 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Monday 07/07....... Excellent


Remarks... 

Sunrise/Sunset.................... 05:56:33 / 20:21:14 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 14 hr 24 min 41 sec (864 min 41 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:08:53 MDT... 77.47 degrees

Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 07/06/2025 at 0600 MDT

Freezing level.................. 16284 ft MSL (9953 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 15699 ft MSL (9368 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 16569 ft MSL (10238 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -4.8
K index......................... +16.2

Height  Temperature  Wind  Wind Spd  Lapse Rate  ConvectionT  Thermal  Lift Rate
ft MSL  deg C deg F   Dir   kt  m/s  C/km F/kft  deg C deg F   Index    fpm  m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000  -66.3 -87.3   255   22   11   2.3   1.3   75.0 167.1    25.8      M    M
 45000  -60.0 -76.0   260   32   17   7.3   4.0   62.2 144.0    19.4      M    M
 40000  -49.0 -56.2   270   37   19   7.5   4.1   57.0 134.6    17.2      M    M
 38000  -44.5 -48.1   270   41   21   7.5   4.1   54.9 130.8    16.2      M    M
 36000  -40.0 -40.0   265   45   23   7.3   4.0   53.4 128.1    15.5      M    M
 34000  -35.3 -31.5   270   44   22   7.0   3.8   50.6 123.0    13.9      M    M
 32000  -31.1 -24.0   270   42   22   6.6   3.6   48.6 119.5    12.8      M    M
 30000  -27.5 -17.5   270   31   16   6.0   3.3   45.5 113.9    10.7      M    M
 29000  -25.7 -14.3   270   25   13   6.0   3.3   44.1 111.4     9.7      M    M
 28000  -23.9 -11.0   270   20   10   5.6   3.1   42.7 108.9     8.7      M    M
 27000  -22.2  -8.0   265   18    9   5.7   3.1   41.1 105.9     7.5      M    M
 26000  -20.6  -5.1   255   16    8   5.9   3.3   39.6 103.3     6.3      M    M
 25000  -18.9  -2.0   250   15    8   6.7   3.7   38.4 101.0     5.2      M    M
 24000  -16.7   1.9   255   12    6   7.4   4.1   37.4  99.3     4.5      M    M
 23000  -14.5   5.9   265   10    5   7.4   4.1   36.5  97.8     3.8      M    M
 22000  -12.3   9.9   275    9    4   6.8   3.7   35.8  96.5     3.2      M    M
 21000  -10.3  13.5   285    5    3   6.3   3.4   34.5  94.1     2.2      M    M
 20000   -8.4  16.9   315    2    1   6.3   3.4   33.3  91.9     1.2      M    M
 19500   -7.5  18.5   020    1    1   6.3   3.4   32.7  90.9     0.7      M    M
 19000   -6.2  20.8   045    3    1   5.6   3.1   31.7  89.1    -0.2   1221  6.2
 18500   -5.4  22.3   050    4    2   5.5   3.0   31.0  87.9    -0.9   1183  6.0
 18000   -4.4  24.1   050    4    2   9.1   5.0   30.6  87.1    -1.3   1136  5.8
 17500   -3.1  26.4   045    3    2   8.7   4.8   30.4  86.8    -1.4   1082  5.5
 17000   -1.8  28.8   045    3    1   9.1   5.0   30.3  86.5    -1.6   1029  5.2
 16500   -0.4  31.3   015    1    1   9.4   5.1   30.2  86.4    -1.7    972  4.9
 16000    1.0  33.8   300    1    1   9.4   5.2   30.2  86.3    -1.8    916  4.7
 15500    2.4  36.3   275    3    1   9.5   5.2   30.1  86.2    -1.8    859  4.4
 15000    3.8  38.8   270    4    2   9.5   5.2   30.1  86.1    -1.9    802  4.1
 14500    5.2  41.4   265    5    3   9.5   5.2   30.0  86.1    -2.0    746  3.8
 14000    6.6  43.9   260    6    3   9.5   5.2   30.0  86.0    -2.1    689  3.5
 13500    8.0  46.4   260    7    4   8.9   4.9   29.9  85.9    -2.2    634  3.2
 13000    9.2  48.6   250    8    4   8.8   4.8   29.8  85.6    -2.4    581  3.0
 12500   10.5  50.9   245    9    5   8.6   4.7   29.6  85.3    -2.6    529  2.7
 12000   11.7  53.1   240    9    5   8.4   4.6   29.4  84.9    -2.9    477  2.4
 11500   12.9  55.2   230    9    5   8.4   4.6   29.2  84.6    -3.1    426  2.2
 11000   14.1  57.4   220   10    5   7.8   4.3   28.9  84.1    -3.4    375  1.9
 10500   15.3  59.5   215   11    6   7.1   3.9   28.6  83.6    -3.7    326  1.7
 10250   15.7  60.3   210   12    6   6.4   3.5   28.4  83.1    -4.0    305  1.5
 10000   16.2  61.2   205   13    7   7.2   3.9   28.2  82.7    -4.2    283  1.4
  9750   16.7  62.1   200   14    7   7.1   3.9   28.0  82.3    -4.5    260  1.3
  9500   17.2  63.0   200   16    8   7.2   4.0   27.8  82.0    -4.7    238  1.2
  9250   17.7  63.9   200   17    9   7.9   4.3   27.6  81.7    -4.9    215  1.1
  9000   18.2  64.8   195   17    9   5.9   3.2   27.4  81.4    -5.2    193  1.0
  8750   18.5  65.3   195   18    9   5.2   2.8   27.0  80.7    -5.7    177  0.9
  8500   18.8  65.8   195   18    9   2.4   1.3   26.7  80.0    -6.1    161  0.8
  8250   18.6  65.5   195   17    9  -0.6  -0.4   25.9  78.6    -7.0    159  0.8
  8000   18.4  65.1   190   16    8  -0.6  -0.3   25.1  77.3    -8.0    158  0.8
  7750   18.0  64.4   190   15    8  -2.9  -1.6   24.3  75.7    -9.1    161  0.8
  7500   17.6  63.7   185   13    7  -3.8  -2.1   23.3  73.9   -10.3    168  0.9
  7250   17.2  63.0   185   10    5  -3.7  -2.0   22.2  72.0   -11.4    170  0.9
  7000   16.9  62.4   175    6    3  -3.6  -2.0   21.2  70.2   -12.5    173  0.9
  6750   16.6  61.9   155    3    2  -2.9  -1.6   20.2  68.4   -13.5    174  0.9
  6500   16.5  61.7   090    2    1  -2.6  -1.4   19.3  66.7   -14.5    172  0.9
  6250      M     M     M    M    M     M     M      M     M       M      M    M

 * * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * * 

           07/06/2025 at 0900 MDT          |       07/06/2025 at 1200 MDT        
                                           |
CAPE...  +915.4    LI...       -5.0        | CAPE...  +835.2    LI...       -4.4
CINH...  -109.1    K Index... +17.2        | CINH...   -17.5    K Index... +19.5
                                           |
Height Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate | Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft | deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000 -66.6 -87.9  255  18  9   2.1   1.2 | -66.7 -88.1  250  17  9   1.4   0.8
 45000 -60.3 -76.5  260  26 13   7.5   4.1 | -61.1 -78.0  265  31 16   7.6   4.2
 40000 -49.0 -56.2  260  32 16   7.8   4.3 | -49.7 -57.5  255  36 18   7.7   4.2
 38000 -44.3 -47.7  265  36 19   7.8   4.3 | -45.1 -49.2  265  38 20   7.7   4.2
 36000 -39.6 -39.3  270  42 21   7.6   4.2 | -40.5 -40.9  265  41 21   7.4   4.0
 34000 -34.7 -30.5  275  40 21   7.3   4.0 | -35.8 -32.4  270  34 17   6.8   3.7
 32000 -30.3 -22.5  280  39 20   6.4   3.5 | -31.7 -25.1  275  28 14   6.7   3.7
 30000 -27.2 -17.0  275  31 16   5.2   2.8 | -27.8 -18.0  270  24 12   6.6   3.6
 29000 -25.6 -14.1  275  27 14   5.2   2.8 | -25.8 -14.4  265  22 11   6.6   3.6
 28000 -24.1 -11.4  275  23 12   5.5   3.0 | -23.9 -11.0  260  20 10   5.0   2.7
 27000 -22.4  -8.3  270  22 11   5.6   3.1 | -22.4  -8.3  255  18  9   5.2   2.8
 26000 -20.8  -5.4  265  21 11   5.8   3.2 | -20.9  -5.6  255  16  8   5.3   2.9
 25000 -19.2  -2.6  255  20 10   6.3   3.5 | -19.4  -2.9  250  15  8   6.5   3.6
 24000 -17.3   0.9  260  17  9   6.4   3.5 | -17.2   1.0  255  13  7   7.3   4.0
 23000 -15.4   4.3  260  13  7   6.4   3.5 | -15.1   4.8  260  11  6   7.4   4.1
 22000 -13.5   7.7  260   9  5   6.9   3.8 | -13.0   8.6  265   9  5   7.0   3.8
 21000 -11.3  11.7  260   7  4   7.3   4.0 | -10.9  12.4  260   8  4   6.7   3.7
 20000  -9.0  15.8  250   5  2   7.3   4.0 |  -8.9  16.0  260   7  4   6.8   3.7
 19500  -7.9  17.8  245   4  2   7.4   4.0 |  -7.9  17.8  255   7  3   6.8   3.8
 19000  -6.2  20.8  220   2  1   7.6   4.2 |  -6.2  20.8  260   5  3   7.5   4.1
 18500  -5.1  22.8  190   2  1   7.6   4.2 |  -5.0  23.0  260   5  2   7.6   4.2
 18000  -4.0  24.8  165   2  1   7.7   4.2 |  -3.8  25.2  255   4  2   8.5   4.6
 17500  -2.8  27.0  140   2  1   7.7   4.2 |  -2.5  27.5  245   4  2   8.4   4.6
 17000  -1.7  28.9  130   2  1   8.8   4.8 |  -1.2  29.8  235   4  2   8.5   4.7
 16500  -0.3  31.5  135   2  1   9.1   5.0 |   0.0  32.0  225   4  2   8.6   4.7
 16000   1.0  33.8  145   2  1   9.3   5.1 |   1.3  34.3  215   4  2   8.8   4.8
 15500   2.4  36.3  155   2  1   9.7   5.3 |   2.6  36.7  210   4  2   9.3   5.1
 15000   3.9  39.0  170   1  1   9.7   5.3 |   4.0  39.2  205   4  2   9.3   5.1
 14500   5.3  41.5  210   1  1   9.4   5.1 |   5.4  41.7  205   4  2   9.4   5.2
 14000   6.6  43.9  235   2  1   9.5   5.2 |   6.8  44.2  205   4  2   9.5   5.2
 13500   8.0  46.4  240   2  1   8.5   4.7 |   8.1  46.6  205   4  2   8.9   4.9
 13000   9.2  48.6  230   3  2   8.5   4.6 |   9.4  48.9  205   4  2   8.9   4.9
 12500  10.3  50.5  225   4  2   7.8   4.3 |  10.6  51.1  210   5  2   7.0   3.8
 12000  11.4  52.5  220   5  3   7.4   4.1 |  11.3  52.3  210   6  3   6.3   3.4
 11500  12.5  54.5  220   7  3   7.1   3.9 |  12.1  53.8  210   7  3   6.2   3.4
 11000  13.5  56.3  225   8  4   7.1   3.9 |  12.9  55.2  205   7  3   7.4   4.1
 10500  14.5  58.1  230  10  5   6.8   3.7 |  13.8  56.8  200   7  3   7.1   3.9
 10250  14.9  58.8  230  11  6   6.2   3.4 |  14.3  57.7  200   7  3   8.3   4.5
 10000  15.3  59.5  230  12  6   5.9   3.3 |  15.0  59.0  200   7  3   9.9   5.4
  9750  15.7  60.3  230  13  7   6.6   3.6 |  15.7  60.3  200   7  3   9.5   5.2
  9500  16.1  61.0  230  13  7   4.0   2.2 |  16.4  61.5  200   7  3  10.1   5.6
  9250  16.1  61.0  225  12  6   2.0   1.1 |  17.2  63.0  195   6  3  10.7   5.8
  9000  16.2  61.2  225  11  6   0.9   0.5 |  17.9  64.2  195   6  3   9.5   5.2
  8750  16.0  60.8  220   9  5  -1.3  -0.7 |  18.6  65.5  195   6  3   8.8   4.8
  8500  15.8  60.4  210   8  4   2.1   1.1 |  19.3  66.7  195   6  3   9.6   5.3
  8250  16.0  60.8  200   6  3   3.9   2.1 |  20.0  68.0  190   6  3   9.9   5.5
  8000  16.1  61.0  180   5  3   4.3   2.4 |  20.7  69.3  190   6  3  10.1   5.5
  7750  16.5  61.7  160   5  3   7.3   4.0 |  21.5  70.7  190   6  3  10.5   5.8
  7500  17.1  62.8  155   5  3   9.2   5.1 |  22.3  72.1  190   6  3  10.3   5.6
  7250  17.8  64.0  150   5  3   9.8   5.4 |  23.0  73.4  190   6  3  10.4   5.7
  7000  18.5  65.3  145   5  3   9.0   4.9 |  23.8  74.8  185   6  3   9.4   5.1
  6750  19.2  66.6  145   6  3  11.8   6.5 |  24.5  76.1  185   6  3  13.2   7.2
  6500  20.3  68.5  140   5  3  19.2  10.5 |  25.9  78.6  185   5  3  24.0  13.1
  6250     M     M    M   M  M     M     M |     M     M    M   M  M     M     M

           07/06/2025 at 1500 MDT          |       07/06/2025 at 1800 MDT        
                                           |
CAPE...  +148.9    LI...       -1.9        | CAPE...   +99.0    LI...       -1.3
CINH...    -0.3    K Index... +29.0        | CINH...   -55.5    K Index... +26.2
                                           |
Height Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate | Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft | deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000 -67.4 -89.3  235  18  9   2.4   1.3 | -67.6 -89.7  245  22 11   2.5   1.4
 45000 -60.8 -77.4  260  32 16   7.6   4.2 | -61.0 -77.8  260  33 17   7.5   4.1
 40000 -49.4 -56.9  260  44 23   7.4   4.1 | -49.7 -57.5  265  45 23   7.6   4.2
 38000 -45.0 -49.0  265  43 22   7.4   4.1 | -45.2 -49.4  270  43 22   7.6   4.2
 36000 -40.5 -40.9  265  41 21   7.1   3.9 | -40.6 -41.1  270  41 21   7.3   4.0
 34000 -36.0 -32.8  270  34 18   6.7   3.7 | -36.1 -33.0  270  32 16   6.7   3.7
 32000 -32.0 -25.6  275  29 15   7.0   3.8 | -32.0 -25.6  270  23 12   7.1   3.9
 30000 -27.6 -17.7  270  26 13   7.4   4.0 | -27.5 -17.5  265  20 11   7.6   4.2
 29000 -25.4 -13.7  265  25 13   7.4   4.0 | -25.2 -13.4  260  19 10   7.6   4.2
 28000 -23.3  -9.9  265  24 12   6.0   3.3 | -23.1  -9.6  260  18  9   6.5   3.6
 27000 -21.5  -6.7  265  23 12   6.1   3.4 | -21.1  -6.0  265  17  9   6.6   3.6
 26000 -19.6  -3.3  265  22 11   6.2   3.4 | -19.1  -2.4  265  16  8   6.7   3.7
 25000 -17.8  -0.0  265  21 11   6.0   3.3 | -17.1   1.2  270  16  8   6.3   3.4
 24000 -16.1   3.0  265  18  9   6.0   3.3 | -15.4   4.3  270  16  8   5.9   3.2
 23000 -14.3   6.3  275  15  8   6.2   3.4 | -13.7   7.3  270  16  8   6.0   3.3
 22000 -12.6   9.3  280  13  6   6.5   3.6 | -11.9  10.6  265  16  8   6.2   3.4
 21000 -10.8  12.6  275  11  6   6.5   3.6 | -10.1  13.8  255  14  7   6.5   3.6
 20000  -8.9  16.0  265   9  5   6.5   3.6 |  -8.3  17.1  245  13  7   6.6   3.6
 19500  -7.4  18.7  255   8  4   7.9   4.3 |  -6.9  19.6  235  13  7   7.2   3.9
 19000  -6.2  20.8  250   8  4   8.4   4.6 |  -5.9  21.4  230  14  7   7.4   4.1
 18500  -5.0  23.0  240   8  4   8.4   4.6 |  -4.8  23.4  225  15  7   7.4   4.1
 18000  -3.8  25.2  235   8  4   8.2   4.5 |  -3.6  25.5  225  15  8   9.0   4.9
 17500  -2.6  27.3  230   9  4   8.3   4.5 |  -2.3  27.9  225  15  8   8.8   4.9
 17000  -1.4  29.5  225   9  5   8.7   4.8 |  -1.0  30.2  225  15  7   9.4   5.1
 16500  -0.1  31.8  220   9  5   8.9   4.9 |   0.5  32.9  225  14  7   9.7   5.3
 16000   1.2  34.2  220   9  4   9.1   5.0 |   1.9  35.4  225  14  7   9.7   5.3
 15500   2.7  36.9  215   9  4   9.7   5.3 |   3.4  38.1  225  13  7   9.6   5.2
 15000   4.1  39.4  215   9  4   9.7   5.3 |   4.8  40.6  230  13  7   9.6   5.3
 14500   5.6  42.1  215   9  4   9.8   5.4 |   6.2  43.2  230  12  6   9.4   5.2
 14000   7.0  44.6  215   9  4   9.8   5.4 |   7.6  45.7  230  11  6   9.4   5.2
 13500   8.5  47.3  215   9  4   9.7   5.3 |   9.0  48.2  235  11  6   9.3   5.1
 13000   9.9  49.8  210   9  4   9.7   5.3 |  10.4  50.7  240  10  5   9.2   5.0
 12500  11.4  52.5  210   8  4   9.5   5.2 |  11.7  53.1  240   9  5   9.3   5.1
 12000  12.8  55.0  210   8  4   9.4   5.2 |  13.1  55.6  245   8  4   9.5   5.2
 11500  14.2  57.6  205   8  4   9.8   5.4 |  14.5  58.1  250   8  4   9.1   5.0
 11000  15.7  60.3  205   8  4   9.9   5.4 |  15.9  60.6  255   7  3   9.0   4.9
 10500  17.2  63.0  205   8  4   9.2   5.0 |  17.2  63.0  265   6  3   8.5   4.7
 10250  17.9  64.2  200   8  4   9.2   5.1 |  17.8  64.0  265   6  3   8.3   4.5
 10000  18.6  65.5  200   8  4  10.3   5.6 |  18.5  65.3  275   5  3   8.8   4.8
  9750  19.4  66.9  200   7  4   9.9   5.4 |  19.1  66.4  280   5  3   8.6   4.7
  9500  20.1  68.2  195   7  4  10.4   5.7 |  19.7  67.5  285   5  3   8.9   4.9
  9250  20.9  69.6  195   7  4  10.6   5.8 |  20.4  68.7  295   5  2   9.2   5.0
  9000  21.7  71.1  195   7  4   9.6   5.3 |  21.1  70.0  300   5  2   8.2   4.5
  8750  22.3  72.1  190   7  4   8.9   4.9 |  21.6  70.9  310   5  2   7.5   4.1
  8500  23.0  73.4  190   7  3   9.6   5.3 |  22.2  72.0  315   5  2   7.7   4.2
  8250  23.8  74.8  190   7  3  10.3   5.6 |  22.7  72.9  330   5  2   7.7   4.2
  8000  24.5  76.1  190   7  3  10.2   5.6 |  23.3  73.9  340   5  2   7.5   4.1
  7750  25.3  77.5  185   6  3  10.3   5.7 |  23.8  74.8  350   5  3   7.3   4.0
  7500  26.1  79.0  185   6  3  10.4   5.7 |  24.3  75.7  360   6  3   7.2   4.0
  7250  26.9  80.4  185   6  3  10.5   5.8 |  24.8  76.6  015   6  3   7.2   3.9
  7000  27.6  81.7  180   6  3  10.0   5.5 |  25.4  77.7  025   7  3   7.1   3.9
  6750  28.4  83.1  180   6  3  11.6   6.4 |  25.8  78.4  035   8  4   6.4   3.5
  6500  29.5  85.1  180   6  3  19.1  10.5 |  26.3  79.3  045   8  4   7.3   4.0
  6250     M     M    M   M  M     M     M |     M     M    M   M  M     M     M
________________________________________________________________________________

This product is issued once per day, at approximately 730 AM local 
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial 
issuance. 

The information contained herein is based on numerical weather prediction
model data for the Moriarty Municipal Airport site in Moriarty, New Mexico at

                   North Latitude:  34.9781667 deg
                   West Longitude: 106.0000278 deg
                   Elevation: 6204.2 feet (1891.0 meters)

and may not be representative of other areas along and east of the Sandia
and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground.  Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.

The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice.  Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.

DEFINITIONS:

CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
     energy available for convective development, also known as the positive 
     area on a thermodynamic diagram.  Units are Joules per kilogram.  Larger
     values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of 
     stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms.  Values around or
     greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
     convective activity develop.

CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
     needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
     a thermodynamic diagram.  Units are Joules per kilogram.  The more negative
     this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection.  This
     inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
     lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)

Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
     average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
     if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it 
     just becomes saturated.  It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
     produced by surface heating only.

Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
     the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level.  It can be considered a
     "trigger temperature" for that level.

Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.

Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above 
     mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists.  The location and
     existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain 
     waves.

K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
     between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
     of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
     of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface.  Larger 
     positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of 
     thunderstorm development.  One interpretation of K index values regarding
     soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158 
     and is reproduced in the following table:

          below -10    no or weak thermals
           -10 to 5    dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
            5 to 15    good soaring conditions
           15 to 20    good soaring conditions with occasional showers
           20 to 30    excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
                       probability of showers and thunderstorms
           above 30    more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms

Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
     inversions. 

Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the 
     average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
     maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.

Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
     level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
     an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
     condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
     level.  The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum 
     temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
     feet of the airmass.  Negative values are indicative of instability with
     positive values showing stable conditions.

Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals.  It is
     computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
     level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
     Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
     are applied to these calculations.

Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
     forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.

Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals.  It 
     is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
     height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures 
     between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet 
     above the ground.  After this computation, further empirical adjustments
     are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
     middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
     temperature and the time of overdevelopment.  

Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
     or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds.  Broken means that
     between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
     conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
     Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
     some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
     that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
  
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights: 
     1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
        where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
     2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
        where the wind speed no longer increases with height

PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
     on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
     sea level).  Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.

Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
                 and the time of overdevelopment.

Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
     temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
     through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level.  Negative values
     are indicative of thermal lift.

Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the 
     computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
     cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
     temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:

                 Maximum rate of lift        Adjective Rating
                      >= 800 fpm                 Excellent
                 >= 400 and < 800 fpm              Good
                 >= 200 and < 400 fpm              Fair
                       < 200 fpm                   Poor  

Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
     which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
     1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
     2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
     3. initiation of widespread precipitation

Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
     reach the trigger temperature.

Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
     feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.

Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which 
     attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
     soaring into a single index number.  Objective points are assigned to
     these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
     stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
     the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough 
     movements.

042613

Soaring Forecast for Albuquerque NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0707 MDT Sunday July 6 2025

This forecast is for Sunday, July 6, 2025:

If the trigger temperature of 83.0 F/28.3 C is reached...then
   Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
   Maximum rate of lift........................ 1306 ft/min (6.6 m/s)
   Maximum height of thermals.................. 19506 ft MSL (13827 ft AGL)

Forecast maximum temperature................... 93.0 F/34.3 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1130 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 12080 ft MSL (6401 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Monday 07/07....... Excellent


Remarks... 

Sunrise/Sunset.................... 05:58:52 / 20:23:53 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 14 hr 25 min 0 sec (865 min 0 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:11:23 MDT... 77.32 degrees

Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 07/06/2025 at 0600 MDT

Freezing level.................. 16333 ft MSL (10654 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 15501 ft MSL (9822 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 16415 ft MSL (10737 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -5.4
K index......................... +18.3

Height  Temperature  Wind  Wind Spd  Lapse Rate  ConvectionT  Thermal  Lift Rate
ft MSL  deg C deg F   Dir   kt  m/s  C/km F/kft  deg C deg F   Index    fpm  m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000  -66.6 -87.9   250   25   13   2.2   1.2   77.9 172.3    25.9      M    M
 45000  -60.2 -76.4   260   34   17   7.4   4.1   64.0 147.3    19.1      M    M
 40000  -49.1 -56.4   265   39   20   7.5   4.1   59.1 138.3    17.0      M    M
 38000  -44.6 -48.3   265   44   22   7.5   4.1   56.9 134.4    15.9      M    M
 36000  -39.6 -39.3   265   48   25   6.9   3.8   55.1 131.1    15.1      M    M
 34000  -35.5 -31.9   265   44   23   6.8   3.8   52.4 126.3    13.5      M    M
 32000  -31.5 -24.7   265   41   21   6.6   3.6   50.3 122.6    12.3      M    M
 30000  -27.9 -18.2   265   31   16   5.8   3.2   47.1 116.7    10.1      M    M
 29000  -26.2 -15.2   260   26   13   5.8   3.2   45.6 114.1     9.1      M    M
 28000  -24.5 -12.1   260   22   11   6.1   3.3   44.2 111.6     8.1      M    M
 27000  -22.7  -8.9   255   19   10   6.1   3.4   42.7 108.9     7.0      M    M
 26000  -20.9  -5.6   255   17    9   6.2   3.4   41.4 106.5     5.9      M    M
 25000  -19.1  -2.4   250   14    7   6.6   3.6   40.2 104.4     5.0      M    M
 24000  -16.9   1.6   250   14    7   7.4   4.1   39.2 102.6     4.1      M    M
 23000  -14.8   5.4   255   13    7   7.5   4.1   38.4 101.1     3.4      M    M
 22000  -12.2  10.0   255   12    6   6.2   3.4   37.3  99.2     2.5      M    M
 21000  -10.3  13.5   265   10    5   6.3   3.4   36.0  96.9     1.4      M    M
 20000   -8.4  16.9   275    8    4   6.3   3.4   34.9  94.8     0.4      M    M
 19500   -7.5  18.5   285    8    4   6.4   3.5   34.3  93.8    -0.1   1300  6.6
 19000   -6.5  20.3   285    6    3   6.6   3.6   33.8  92.8    -0.6   1256  6.4
 18500   -5.6  21.9   285    5    3   6.4   3.5   33.2  91.8    -1.1   1212  6.2
 18000   -4.5  23.9   285    4    2   8.8   4.8   32.8  91.1    -1.4   1164  5.9
 17500   -3.2  26.2   270    3    1   8.7   4.8   32.7  90.8    -1.6   1110  5.6
 17000   -1.8  28.8   255    2    1   9.1   5.0   32.5  90.5    -1.7   1056  5.4
 16500   -0.4  31.3   245    3    1   9.5   5.2   32.4  90.4    -1.8    999  5.1
 16000    1.0  33.8   240    3    2   9.5   5.2   32.4  90.3    -1.8    941  4.8
 15500    2.4  36.3   235    4    2   9.6   5.3   32.4  90.3    -1.9    884  4.5
 15000    3.8  38.8   235    4    2   9.7   5.3   32.4  90.3    -1.9    827  4.2
 14500    5.2  41.4   235    5    3   9.5   5.2   32.3  90.2    -2.0    770  3.9
 14000    6.6  43.9   235    5    3   9.4   5.2   32.3  90.1    -2.1    714  3.6
 13500    8.0  46.4   230    6    3   8.9   4.9   32.2  90.0    -2.2    658  3.3
 13000    9.2  48.6   225    6    3   8.5   4.7   32.0  89.6    -2.4    606  3.1
 12500   10.5  50.9   220    6    3   8.0   4.4   31.8  89.3    -2.6    554  2.8
 12000   11.5  52.7   205    7    3   7.0   3.8   31.4  88.5    -3.0    507  2.6
 11500   12.6  54.7   195    8    4   6.9   3.8   31.0  87.8    -3.4    461  2.3
 11000   13.5  56.3   190    9    5   6.5   3.6   30.5  86.9    -4.0    419  2.1
 10500   14.4  57.9   185   11    6   6.5   3.5   30.0  86.0    -4.6    377  1.9
 10250   14.9  58.8   185   11    6   7.3   4.0   29.7  85.5    -4.8    355  1.8
 10000   15.4  59.7   185   12    6   7.9   4.4   29.6  85.3    -5.0    331  1.7
  9750   16.0  60.8   185   12    6   7.5   4.1   29.4  85.0    -5.2    307  1.6
  9500   16.5  61.7   185   12    6   8.7   4.8   29.3  84.7    -5.4    283  1.4
  9250   17.2  63.0   185   12    6   8.2   4.5   29.2  84.6    -5.5    256  1.3
  9000   17.7  63.9   185   11    6   6.5   3.6   29.0  84.2    -5.8    235  1.2
  8750   18.1  64.6   185   10    5   7.5   4.1   28.8  83.8    -6.0    213  1.1
  8500   18.8  65.8   190    7    4   3.7   2.0   28.1  82.6    -6.8    179  0.9
  8250   19.1  66.4   185    6    3   5.0   2.8   27.7  81.9    -7.3    164  0.8
  8000   19.3  66.7   180    4    2   5.1   2.8   27.4  81.2    -7.8    148  0.8
  7750   19.6  67.3   165    3    2   4.8   2.7   27.0  80.6    -8.3    132  0.7
  7500   19.9  67.8   140    2    1   3.1   1.7   26.6  79.8    -8.8    117  0.6
  7250   19.9  67.8   080    2    1  -0.3  -0.2   26.0  78.7    -9.5    109  0.6
  7000   19.6  67.3   065    3    2  -1.8  -1.0   25.1  77.2   -10.5    110  0.6
  6750   19.5  67.1   055    4    2   2.2   1.2   24.3  75.8   -11.4    107  0.5
  6500   19.7  67.5   055    5    2   4.9   2.7   23.9  75.1   -11.9     92  0.5
  6250   20.0  68.0   055    5    2   2.4   1.3   23.5  74.3   -12.4     77  0.4
  6000   19.9  67.8   050    5    3  -1.3  -0.7   22.8  73.0   -13.2     71  0.4
  5750   19.7  67.5   055    5    2  -5.5  -3.0   21.8  71.3   -14.2     71  0.4
  5500      M     M     M    M    M     M     M      M     M       M      M    M

 * * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * * 

           07/06/2025 at 0900 MDT          |       07/06/2025 at 1200 MDT        
                                           |
CAPE...  +786.5    LI...       -5.0        | CAPE...  +487.4    LI...       -3.4
CINH...  -124.2    K Index... +18.8        | CINH...   -36.0    K Index... +21.9
                                           |
Height Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate | Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft | deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000 -66.4 -87.5  255  17  9   2.4   1.3 | -66.5 -87.7  250  17  9   1.4   0.8
 45000 -60.1 -76.2  260  27 14   7.3   4.0 | -60.9 -77.6  260  29 15   7.6   4.2
 40000 -49.1 -56.4  260  37 19   7.7   4.2 | -49.4 -56.9  255  39 20   7.7   4.2
 38000 -44.5 -48.1  265  41 21   7.7   4.2 | -44.8 -48.6  260  41 21   7.7   4.2
 36000 -39.4 -38.9  270  45 23   6.9   3.8 | -39.7 -39.5  260  43 22   6.7   3.7
 34000 -35.3 -31.5  270  41 21   6.8   3.7 | -35.7 -32.3  265  38 20   6.6   3.6
 32000 -31.2 -24.2  275  37 19   6.4   3.5 | -31.8 -25.2  270  34 17   6.6   3.6
 30000 -28.0 -18.4  270  30 15   5.3   2.9 | -27.9 -18.2  265  29 15   6.5   3.5
 29000 -26.4 -15.5  265  26 13   5.3   2.9 | -26.0 -14.8  260  26 14   6.5   3.5
 28000 -24.8 -12.6  260  23 12   5.7   3.1 | -24.2 -11.6  255  24 12   4.8   2.6
 27000 -23.1  -9.6  255  21 11   5.8   3.2 | -22.7  -8.9  250  22 11   5.0   2.8
 26000 -21.4  -6.5  250  19 10   5.9   3.3 | -21.2  -6.2  250  19 10   5.2   2.8
 25000 -19.7  -3.5  240  18  9   6.7   3.7 | -19.7  -3.5  240  17  9   6.0   3.3
 24000 -17.6   0.3  245  16  8   7.4   4.0 | -17.7   0.1  245  15  8   7.0   3.9
 23000 -15.4   4.3  250  14  7   7.4   4.1 | -15.7   3.7  250  13  7   7.1   3.9
 22000 -12.8   9.0  255  11  6   6.3   3.4 | -13.1   8.4  255  11  6   7.2   3.9
 21000 -10.9  12.4  255   9  5   6.4   3.5 | -11.0  12.2  255   9  5   7.2   3.9
 20000  -9.1  15.6  250   7  4   6.4   3.5 |  -8.9  16.0  255   8  4   7.2   4.0
 19500  -8.1  17.4  250   7  3   7.2   4.0 |  -7.8  18.0  250   7  4   7.9   4.3
 19000  -6.9  19.6  240   5  3   7.8   4.3 |  -6.6  20.1  240   6  3   8.3   4.6
 18500  -5.7  21.7  230   4  2   7.7   4.2 |  -5.3  22.5  225   6  3   8.4   4.6
 18000  -4.5  23.9  215   3  2   9.1   5.0 |  -4.0  24.8  215   6  3   8.2   4.5
 17500  -3.1  26.4  200   4  2   9.0   4.9 |  -2.8  27.0  205   6  3   8.2   4.5
 17000  -1.8  28.8  185   4  2   9.3   5.1 |  -1.6  29.1  195   5  3   8.8   4.8
 16500  -0.4  31.3  185   4  2   9.5   5.2 |  -0.2  31.6  190   6  3   9.2   5.1
 16000   1.1  34.0  180   4  2   9.5   5.2 |   1.2  34.2  185   6  3   9.3   5.1
 15500   2.5  36.5  180   4  2   9.6   5.3 |   2.6  36.7  185   6  3   9.6   5.2
 15000   3.9  39.0  175   4  2   9.6   5.3 |   4.0  39.2  185   6  3   9.6   5.3
 14500   5.3  41.5  175   4  2   9.4   5.2 |   5.3  41.5  185   6  3   9.1   5.0
 14000   6.7  44.1  180   4  2   9.4   5.2 |   6.7  44.1  190   6  3   9.1   5.0
 13500   8.0  46.4  180   4  2   8.8   4.9 |   8.0  46.4  195   7  3   8.7   4.8
 13000   9.3  48.7  190   5  2   8.6   4.7 |   9.3  48.7  195   7  3   8.6   4.7
 12500  10.6  51.1  195   5  3   7.9   4.3 |  10.6  51.1  195   7  3   8.3   4.5
 12000  11.7  53.1  195   6  3   7.1   3.9 |  11.7  53.1  190   6  3   7.9   4.3
 11500  12.7  54.9  195   7  4   6.8   3.8 |  12.9  55.2  185   6  3   7.0   3.8
 11000  13.6  56.5  190   8  4   6.3   3.4 |  13.6  56.5  175   7  3   5.1   2.8
 10500  14.5  58.1  190   9  5   6.0   3.3 |  14.5  58.1  170   7  3   8.5   4.6
 10250  14.9  58.8  190   9  5   5.9   3.2 |  15.0  59.0  170   7  3   7.9   4.3
 10000  15.3  59.5  190   9  5   5.8   3.2 |  15.5  59.9  170   7  3   7.3   4.0
  9750  15.7  60.3  190   9  5   6.4   3.5 |  16.0  60.8  170   7  3   7.6   4.2
  9500  16.0  60.8  190   9  5   4.4   2.4 |  16.5  61.7  170   7  3   7.3   4.0
  9250  16.2  61.2  190   8  4   4.1   2.3 |  17.0  62.6  170   7  3   8.8   4.8
  9000  16.6  61.9  190   7  4   6.0   3.3 |  17.7  63.9  170   7  3  10.0   5.5
  8750  16.9  62.4  190   7  3   5.8   3.2 |  18.5  65.3  170   7  3  10.1   5.5
  8500  17.5  63.5  185   4  2   6.0   3.3 |  19.2  66.6  170   6  3   8.4   4.6
  8250  18.0  64.4  175   3  2   7.8   4.3 |  20.5  68.9  175   6  3  10.7   5.9
  8000  18.5  65.3  160   2  1   8.1   4.4 |  21.3  70.3  175   6  3  10.4   5.7
  7750  19.0  66.2  130   2  1   5.7   3.1 |  22.0  71.6  180   6  3   9.7   5.3
  7500  19.2  66.6  100   2  1   4.2   2.3 |  22.7  72.9  180   6  3   9.3   5.1
  7250  19.6  67.3  080   2  1   6.9   3.8 |  23.4  74.1  185   6  3  10.6   5.8
  7000  20.1  68.2  070   3  1   8.0   4.4 |  24.2  75.6  185   6  3  10.8   5.9
  6750  20.7  69.3  065   3  2   8.9   4.9 |  25.0  77.0  190   6  3  10.3   5.7
  6500  21.3  70.3  060   3  2   9.6   5.3 |  25.8  78.4  190   6  3  10.5   5.7
  6250  22.0  71.6  060   3  2   9.0   5.0 |  26.5  79.7  190   6  3   9.4   5.2
  6000  22.7  72.9  055   3  2  12.1   6.6 |  27.3  81.1  195   6  3  14.0   7.7
  5750  24.2  75.6  050   3  1  33.2  18.2 |  29.5  85.1  200   6  3  56.0  30.7
  5500     M     M    M   M  M     M     M |     M     M    M   M  M     M     M

           07/06/2025 at 1500 MDT          |       07/06/2025 at 1800 MDT        
                                           |
CAPE...  +239.1    LI...       -1.7        | CAPE...   +73.3    LI...       -0.8
CINH...    -8.9    K Index... +22.3        | CINH...    -9.1    K Index... +25.9
                                           |
Height Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate | Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft | deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000 -66.7 -88.1  235  19 10   1.8   1.0 | -67.0 -88.6  245  21 11   2.3   1.3
 45000 -60.7 -77.3  255  33 17   7.6   4.2 | -60.7 -77.3  255  33 17   7.2   4.0
 40000 -49.4 -56.9  255  46 24   7.3   4.0 | -49.8 -57.6  260  46 24   7.8   4.3
 38000 -45.0 -49.0  260  45 23   7.3   4.0 | -45.1 -49.2  260  45 23   7.8   4.3
 36000 -40.1 -40.2  260  43 22   6.5   3.6 | -39.9 -39.8  260  44 23   6.7   3.7
 34000 -36.2 -33.2  265  37 19   6.4   3.5 | -36.0 -32.8  260  38 20   6.6   3.6
 32000 -32.4 -26.3  270  31 16   6.6   3.6 | -32.0 -25.6  265  32 17   6.7   3.7
 30000 -28.3 -18.9  265  27 14   6.8   3.7 | -27.8 -18.0  260  27 14   7.0   3.9
 29000 -26.3 -15.3  260  26 13   6.8   3.8 | -25.7 -14.3  255  25 13   7.1   3.9
 28000 -24.2 -11.6  255  25 13   6.9   3.8 | -23.6 -10.5  255  23 12   6.6   3.6
 27000 -22.2  -8.0  260  23 12   6.9   3.8 | -21.7  -7.1  260  21 11   6.7   3.7
 26000 -20.1  -4.2  260  21 11   6.9   3.8 | -19.7  -3.5  265  19 10   6.7   3.7
 25000 -18.1  -0.6  260  20 10   6.6   3.6 | -17.7   0.1  270  17  9   6.3   3.4
 24000 -16.2   2.8  260  17  9   6.3   3.5 | -16.1   3.0  265  17  9   5.4   3.0
 23000 -14.4   6.1  265  15  8   6.6   3.6 | -14.6   5.7  265  18  9   5.5   3.0
 22000 -12.1  10.2  265  12  6   6.7   3.7 | -12.5   9.5  260  18  9   7.7   4.2
 21000 -10.1  13.8  270  10  5   6.7   3.7 | -10.2  13.6  260  17  9   7.6   4.2
 20000  -8.1  17.4  275   7  4   6.8   3.7 |  -8.0  17.6  265  16  8   7.7   4.2
 19500  -7.1  19.2  275   6  3   7.7   4.2 |  -6.9  19.6  265  15  8   7.9   4.3
 19000  -5.8  21.6  275   6  3   8.4   4.6 |  -5.8  21.6  265  14  7   8.1   4.4
 18500  -4.6  23.7  270   5  3   8.5   4.7 |  -4.6  23.7  265  12  6   8.1   4.4
 18000  -3.4  25.9  260   5  3   8.3   4.6 |  -3.4  25.9  260  11  6   8.3   4.5
 17500  -2.1  28.2  250   5  3   8.4   4.6 |  -2.2  28.0  260  10  5   8.3   4.6
 17000  -0.9  30.4  245   6  3   8.4   4.6 |  -1.0  30.2  255  10  5   8.7   4.8
 16500   0.4  32.7  230   6  3   8.4   4.6 |   0.4  32.7  255   9  5   9.1   5.0
 16000   1.6  34.9  220   7  3   8.4   4.6 |   1.7  35.1  255   9  5   9.2   5.0
 15500   2.9  37.2  215   7  4   9.0   4.9 |   3.1  37.6  250   9  5   9.4   5.2
 15000   4.2  39.6  210   7  4   8.9   4.9 |   4.5  40.1  250   9  4   9.4   5.2
 14500   5.5  41.9  205   7  4   9.1   5.0 |   5.9  42.6  250   8  4   9.5   5.2
 14000   6.9  44.4  205   8  4   9.1   5.0 |   7.3  45.1  245   8  4   9.5   5.2
 13500   8.2  46.8  205   8  4   9.1   5.0 |   8.7  47.7  245   8  4   9.7   5.3
 13000   9.5  49.1  205   8  4   9.1   5.0 |  10.2  50.4  245   8  4   9.7   5.3
 12500  10.8  51.4  205   8  4   9.0   4.9 |  11.6  52.9  240   7  4   9.7   5.3
 12000  12.1  53.8  210   8  4   8.9   4.9 |  13.1  55.6  240   7  4   9.7   5.3
 11500  13.4  56.1  210   8  4   8.9   4.9 |  14.5  58.1  240   7  4   9.6   5.3
 11000  14.7  58.5  210   9  4   8.6   4.7 |  15.9  60.6  235   7  3   9.1   5.0
 10500  16.1  61.0  210   9  5  10.6   5.8 |  17.4  63.3  235   7  3  10.3   5.7
 10250  16.8  62.2  210   9  5   9.6   5.3 |  18.1  64.6  235   6  3  10.0   5.5
 10000  17.5  63.5  210   9  5   9.2   5.0 |  18.9  66.0  230   6  3   9.9   5.4
  9750  18.2  64.8  210   9  5   9.0   5.0 |  19.6  67.3  230   6  3  10.0   5.5
  9500  18.9  66.0  210   9  5  10.0   5.5 |  20.3  68.5  230   6  3   9.7   5.3
  9250  19.6  67.3  210  10  5  10.3   5.6 |  21.0  69.8  230   6  3   9.6   5.3
  9000  20.3  68.5  210  10  5   9.3   5.1 |  21.8  71.2  225   6  3   9.7   5.3
  8750  21.1  70.0  210  10  5  10.0   5.5 |  22.5  72.5  225   6  3  10.0   5.5
  8500  22.3  72.1  210  10  5   8.8   4.8 |  23.8  74.8  220   6  3   8.9   4.9
  8250  23.1  73.6  210  10  5  10.8   5.9 |  24.6  76.3  220   5  3  10.6   5.8
  8000  23.9  75.0  210  11  5  10.5   5.8 |  25.3  77.5  215   5  3  10.3   5.6
  7750  24.6  76.3  210  11  6   9.8   5.4 |  26.1  79.0  215   5  3   9.8   5.4
  7500  25.3  77.5  210  11  6   9.5   5.2 |  26.8  80.2  210   5  3   9.3   5.1
  7250  26.1  79.0  210  11  6  10.6   5.8 |  27.5  81.5  210   5  3  10.1   5.5
  7000  26.9  80.4  210  11  6  11.0   6.0 |  28.3  82.9  205   5  3  10.4   5.7
  6750  27.7  81.9  210  11  6  10.5   5.8 |  29.1  84.4  205   5  2  10.1   5.5
  6500  28.5  83.3  210  11  6  10.6   5.8 |  29.8  85.6  200   5  2  10.1   5.5
  6250  29.2  84.6  210  11  6   9.6   5.3 |  30.5  86.9  200   5  2   9.3   5.1
  6000  30.0  86.0  210  11  5  15.0   8.2 |  31.3  88.3  195   4  2  11.9   6.5
  5750  32.4  90.3  210  10  5  62.2  34.1 |  32.9  91.2  190   4  2  38.4  21.1
  5500     M     M    M   M  M     M     M |     M     M    M   M  M     M     M
________________________________________________________________________________

This product is issued once per day, at approximately 730 AM.
It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance. 

The information contained herein is based on rawinsonde observation and/or
numerical weather prediction model data taken at the Albuquerque International
Sunport site in Albuquerque, New Mexico at

                   North Latitude:  35.03806 deg
                   West Longitude: 106.62194 deg
                   Elevation: 5298.6 feet (1615 meters)

and may not be representative of other areas, especially along and east of 
the Sandia and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground.  Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.

The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice.  Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.

DEFINITIONS:

CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
     energy available for convective development, also known as the positive 
     area on a thermodynamic diagram.  Units are Joules per kilogram.  Larger
     values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of 
     stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms.  Values around or
     greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
     convective activity develop.

CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
     needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
     a thermodynamic diagram.  Units are Joules per kilogram.  The more negative
     this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection.  This
     inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
     lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)

Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
     average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
     if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it 
     just becomes saturated.  It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
     produced by surface heating only.

Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
     the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level.  It can be considered a
     "trigger temperature" for that level.

Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.

Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above 
     mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists.  The location and
     existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain 
     waves.

K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
     between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
     of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
     of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface.  Larger 
     positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of 
     thunderstorm development.  One interpretation of K index values regarding
     soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158 
     and is reproduced in the following table:

          below -10    no or weak thermals
           -10 to 5    dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
            5 to 15    good soaring conditions
           15 to 20    good soaring conditions with occasional showers
           20 to 30    excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
                       probability of showers and thunderstorms
           above 30    more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms

Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
     inversions. 

Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the 
     average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
     maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.

Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
     level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
     an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
     condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
     level.  The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum 
     temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
     feet of the airmass.  Negative values are indicative of instability with
     positive values showing stable conditions.

Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals.  It is
     computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
     level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
     Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
     are applied to these calculations.

Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
     forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.

Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals.  It 
     is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
     height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures 
     between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet 
     above the ground.  After this computation, further empirical adjustments
     are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
     middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
     temperature and the time of overdevelopment.  

Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
     or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds.  Broken means that
     between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
     conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
     Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
     some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
     that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
  
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights: 
     1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
        where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
     2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
        where the wind speed no longer increases with height

PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
     on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
     sea level).  Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.

Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
                 and the time of overdevelopment.

Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
     temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
     through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level.  Negative values
     are indicative of thermal lift.

Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the 
     computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
     cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
     temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:

                 Maximum rate of lift        Adjective Rating
                      >= 800 fpm                 Excellent
                 >= 400 and < 800 fpm              Good
                 >= 200 and < 400 fpm              Fair
                       < 200 fpm                   Poor  

Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
     which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
     1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
     2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
     3. initiation of widespread precipitation

Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
     reach the trigger temperature.

Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
     feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.

Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which 
     attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
     soaring into a single index number.  Objective points are assigned to
     these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
     stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
     the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough 
     movements.

042613

Soaring Forecast for Santa Fe NM
National Weather Service Albuquerque NM
0707 MDT Sunday July 6 2025

This forecast is for Sunday, July 6, 2025:

If the trigger temperature of 80.2 F/26.8 C is reached...then
   Thermal Soaring Index....................... Excellent
   Maximum rate of lift........................ 1402 ft/min (7.1 m/s)
   Maximum height of thermals.................. 20983 ft MSL (14528 ft AGL)

Forecast maximum temperature................... 91.0 F/33.2 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1030 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 16641 ft MSL (10185 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Monday 07/07....... Excellent


Remarks... 

Sunrise/Sunset.................... 05:55:14 / 20:23:19 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 14 hr 28 min 6 sec (868 min 6 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:09:16 MDT... 76.83 degrees

Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 07/06/2025 at 0600 MDT

Freezing level.................. 16274 ft MSL (9819 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 15254 ft MSL (8799 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 16759 ft MSL (10303 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -6.9
K index......................... +16.8

Height  Temperature  Wind  Wind Spd  Lapse Rate  ConvectionT  Thermal  Lift Rate
ft MSL  deg C deg F   Dir   kt  m/s  C/km F/kft  deg C deg F   Index    fpm  m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000  -66.4 -87.5   255   24   12   2.2   1.2   75.6 168.1    25.4      M    M
 45000  -60.0 -76.0   265   37   19   7.3   4.0   61.7 143.1    18.5      M    M
 40000  -49.1 -56.4   270   44   23   7.2   4.0   56.5 133.7    16.2      M    M
 38000  -44.7 -48.5   265   47   24   7.2   4.0   54.1 129.4    14.9      M    M
 36000  -40.4 -40.7   265   50   26   7.1   3.9   52.4 126.3    14.0      M    M
 34000  -36.3 -33.3   270   43   22   6.9   3.8   49.7 121.4    12.4      M    M
 32000  -32.1 -25.8   270   35   18   6.9   3.8   47.6 117.6    11.1      M    M
 30000  -27.6 -17.7   265   30   15   6.6   3.6   44.7 112.5     9.2      M    M
 29000  -25.6 -14.1   265   27   14   6.6   3.6   43.6 110.4     8.5      M    M
 28000  -23.8 -10.8   265   25   13   4.9   2.7   42.3 108.1     7.5      M    M
 27000  -22.3  -8.1   260   23   12   5.1   2.8   40.4 104.7     6.1      M    M
 26000  -20.8  -5.4   260   21   11   5.1   2.8   38.7 101.6     4.7      M    M
 25000  -19.3  -2.7   255   19   10   6.4   3.5   37.1  98.8     3.5      M    M
 24000  -17.2   1.0   255   17    9   7.3   4.0   36.1  97.0     2.6      M    M
 23000  -15.0   5.0   255   15    8   7.3   4.0   35.2  95.4     1.8      M    M
 22000  -12.9   8.8   260   14    7   6.7   3.7   34.4  93.9     1.1      M    M
 21000  -11.0  12.2   265   11    6   6.5   3.6   33.2  91.7     0.0      M    M
 20000   -9.1  15.6   280    9    5   6.5   3.6   32.1  89.7    -1.0   1318  6.7
 19500   -8.1  17.4   285    8    4   6.5   3.6   31.6  88.8    -1.4   1274  6.5
 19000   -7.2  19.0   290    8    4   6.5   3.6   31.0  87.8    -1.9   1230  6.3
 18500   -6.2  20.8   290    7    4   6.4   3.5   30.5  86.8    -2.5   1187  6.0
 18000   -5.1  22.8   285    7    4   8.9   4.9   30.0  86.1    -2.9   1140  5.8
 17500   -3.7  25.3   285    6    3   9.4   5.2   30.0  86.0    -2.9   1082  5.5
 17000   -2.3  27.9   280    6    3   9.4   5.2   29.9  85.9    -2.9   1024  5.2
 16500   -0.8  30.6   280    6    3   9.3   5.1   29.9  85.8    -3.0    967  4.9
 16000    0.6  33.1   275    6    3   9.4   5.1   29.8  85.7    -3.1    910  4.6
 15500    2.0  35.6   270    5    3   9.2   5.1   29.7  85.5    -3.2    853  4.3
 15000    3.3  37.9   265    5    3   9.2   5.1   29.7  85.4    -3.3    797  4.0
 14500    4.7  40.5   255    5    3   9.1   5.0   29.6  85.2    -3.4    741  3.8
 14000    6.0  42.8   250    5    3   9.1   5.0   29.5  85.0    -3.5    686  3.5
 13500    7.4  45.3   240    5    3   9.0   4.9   29.4  84.8    -3.7    631  3.2
 13000    8.7  47.7   240    6    3   8.9   4.9   29.2  84.6    -3.8    577  2.9
 12500   10.0  50.0   240    6    3   8.8   4.8   29.1  84.4    -4.0    523  2.7
 12000   11.7  53.1   235    6    3   8.0   4.4   28.7  83.7    -4.5    449  2.3
 11500   12.9  55.2   235    6    3   7.8   4.3   28.4  83.2    -4.9    400  2.0
 11000   13.9  57.0   225    7    4   7.6   4.2   28.1  82.5    -5.3    354  1.8
 10500   14.9  58.8   215    8    4   5.9   3.2   27.7  81.9    -5.8    309  1.6
 10250   15.2  59.4   210    8    4   5.0   2.7   27.3  81.2    -6.2    292  1.5
 10000   15.5  59.9   200    9    4   5.4   3.0   27.0  80.6    -6.7    275  1.4
  9750   15.9  60.6   195    9    5   5.2   2.9   26.6  80.0    -7.1    259  1.3
  9500   16.1  61.0   190   10    5   2.9   1.6   26.2  79.2    -7.6    244  1.2
  9250   16.1  61.0   180   11    6   2.5   1.4   25.6  78.1    -8.4    236  1.2
  9000   16.3  61.3   175   10    5   3.8   2.1   25.1  77.3    -9.0    224  1.1
  8750   16.4  61.5   170   10    5   3.2   1.7   24.7  76.4    -9.5    212  1.1
  8500   16.5  61.7   165   10    5   1.4   0.7   24.1  75.4   -10.2    202  1.0
  8250   16.5  61.7   155    9    5   1.7   0.9   23.4  74.2   -11.0    195  1.0
  8000   16.7  62.1   150    9    4   4.2   2.3   22.9  73.3   -11.6    182  0.9
  7750   17.0  62.6   145    8    4   5.4   3.0   22.6  72.6   -12.0    164  0.8
  7500   17.5  63.5   140    6    3   5.9   3.2   22.3  72.1   -12.3    143  0.7
  7250   17.9  64.2   130    5    3   6.1   3.4   22.0  71.6   -12.6    122  0.6
  7000   18.4  65.1   115    4    2   4.6   2.5   21.7  71.0   -12.9    101  0.5
  6750   18.5  65.3   110    4    2  -2.6  -1.4   21.1  69.9   -13.5     91  0.5
  6500   17.8  64.0   090    2    1 -19.9 -10.9   19.6  67.2   -15.0    105  0.5

 * * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * * 

           07/06/2025 at 0900 MDT          |       07/06/2025 at 1200 MDT        
                                           |
CAPE...  +712.9    LI...       -4.7        | CAPE...  +524.4    LI...       -3.5
CINH...   -84.1    K Index... +17.1        | CINH...   -11.5    K Index... +22.3
                                           |
Height Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate | Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft | deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000 -66.6 -87.9  255  20 10   2.4   1.3 | -66.3 -87.3  245  20 10   1.1   0.6
 45000 -59.9 -75.8  260  31 16   7.3   4.0 | -61.1 -78.0  260  35 18   7.7   4.2
 40000 -48.9 -56.0  265  39 20   7.3   4.0 | -49.6 -57.3  255  41 21   7.4   4.1
 38000 -44.5 -48.1  265  44 22   7.3   4.0 | -45.2 -49.4  260  43 22   7.4   4.1
 36000 -40.1 -40.2  270  48 25   7.2   3.9 | -40.2 -40.4  265  45 23   6.8   3.8
 34000 -35.9 -32.6  275  42 22   6.9   3.8 | -36.2 -33.2  270  38 20   6.7   3.7
 32000 -31.8 -25.2  280  37 19   7.1   3.9 | -32.2 -26.0  275  32 16   6.6   3.6
 30000 -27.7 -17.9  275  30 15   5.9   3.2 | -28.4 -19.1  270  27 14   6.4   3.5
 29000 -26.0 -14.8  270  26 14   5.9   3.2 | -26.5 -15.7  265  25 13   6.4   3.5
 28000 -24.2 -11.6  265  24 12   5.5   3.0 | -24.6 -12.3  260  23 12   5.4   2.9
 27000 -22.6  -8.7  260  23 12   5.6   3.1 | -23.0  -9.4  255  22 11   5.4   3.0
 26000 -20.9  -5.6  250  22 12   5.6   3.1 | -21.4  -6.5  245  20 10   5.5   3.0
 25000 -19.3  -2.7  245  22 11   6.3   3.4 | -19.8  -3.6  240  19 10   5.9   3.3
 24000 -17.3   0.9  250  19 10   6.6   3.6 | -17.4   0.7  245  15  8   6.8   3.8
 23000 -15.4   4.3  260  16  8   6.7   3.7 | -15.4   4.3  260  12  6   6.9   3.8
 22000 -13.5   7.7  270  14  7   6.8   3.7 | -13.4   7.9  270  10  5   7.3   4.0
 21000 -11.5  11.3  270  12  6   6.8   3.7 | -11.3  11.7  275   9  5   7.3   4.0
 20000  -9.5  14.9  270   9  5   6.8   3.8 |  -9.1  15.6  275   8  4   7.4   4.1
 19500  -8.5  16.7  270   8  4   7.0   3.9 |  -8.0  17.6  280   8  4   7.8   4.3
 19000  -7.4  18.7  270   7  3   7.5   4.1 |  -6.8  19.8  270   8  4   8.1   4.5
 18500  -6.2  20.8  265   5  3   7.3   4.0 |  -5.6  21.9  265   7  4   8.1   4.5
 18000  -5.0  23.0  265   4  2   9.1   5.0 |  -4.3  24.3  260   7  4   8.7   4.7
 17500  -3.6  25.5  260   4  2   9.2   5.1 |  -3.0  26.6  250   6  3   8.6   4.7
 17000  -2.2  28.0  255   3  2   9.2   5.1 |  -1.7  28.9  245   6  3   8.9   4.9
 16500  -0.8  30.6  255   3  1   9.2   5.1 |  -0.4  31.3  240   6  3   9.2   5.0
 16000   0.5  32.9  260   2  1   9.2   5.1 |   1.0  33.8  235   5  3   9.2   5.0
 15500   1.9  35.4  260   2  1   9.2   5.1 |   2.4  36.3  235   5  2   9.2   5.0
 15000   3.3  37.9  270   2  1   9.2   5.1 |   3.8  38.8  235   4  2   9.2   5.0
 14500   4.7  40.5  280   2  1   9.2   5.1 |   5.1  41.2  235   4  2   9.0   4.9
 14000   6.0  42.8  285   2  1   9.2   5.1 |   6.4  43.5  235   3  1   9.0   4.9
 13500   7.4  45.3  295   2  1   8.9   4.9 |   7.8  46.0  235   2  1   8.7   4.8
 13000   8.6  47.5  295   2  1   8.6   4.7 |   9.0  48.2  240   1  1   8.5   4.6
 12500   9.9  49.8  290   2  1   8.3   4.6 |  10.2  50.4  255   1  0   7.8   4.3
 12000  11.6  52.9  275   3  1   7.8   4.3 |  11.0  51.8  215   1  0   7.0   3.8
 11500  12.7  54.9  260   3  1   7.5   4.1 |  11.9  53.4  195   1  1   8.5   4.6
 11000  13.7  56.7  250   3  2   7.0   3.9 |  13.2  55.8  195   2  1   8.8   4.8
 10500  14.8  58.6  250   4  2   7.4   4.1 |  14.5  58.1  200   2  1   9.1   5.0
 10250  15.2  59.4  245   4  2   5.5   3.0 |  15.8  60.4  200   3  1   9.5   5.2
 10000  15.5  59.9  240   3  2   5.7   3.1 |  16.5  61.7  200   3  1   9.4   5.2
  9750  15.9  60.6  230   3  2   5.2   2.9 |  17.2  63.0  200   3  2   9.6   5.2
  9500  16.1  61.0  215   3  2   3.3   1.8 |  17.9  64.2  200   3  2   9.8   5.4
  9250  16.2  61.2  185   3  1   3.9   2.1 |  18.6  65.5  200   3  2   9.8   5.4
  9000  16.5  61.7  170   3  1   5.2   2.9 |  19.4  66.9  200   4  2   9.7   5.3
  8750  16.7  62.1  160   3  2   4.9   2.7 |  20.1  68.2  205   4  2   9.9   5.4
  8500  17.0  62.6  150   3  2   4.5   2.5 |  20.8  69.4  205   4  2  10.1   5.5
  8250  17.3  63.1  140   4  2   5.9   3.2 |  21.6  70.9  205   4  2  10.2   5.6
  8000  17.8  64.0  140   4  2   9.1   5.0 |  22.3  72.1  205   4  2  10.3   5.7
  7750  18.5  65.3  140   4  2   9.8   5.4 |  23.1  73.6  205   5  2  10.3   5.6
  7500  19.2  66.6  140   4  2   9.5   5.2 |  23.8  74.8  205   5  2  10.2   5.6
  7250  19.9  67.8  140   4  2   9.3   5.1 |  24.6  76.3  205   5  2  10.1   5.5
  7000  20.6  69.1  145   4  2  10.0   5.5 |  25.4  77.7  205   5  2  11.0   6.0
  6750  21.5  70.7  145   4  2  14.8   8.1 |  26.4  79.5  205   5  2  18.2  10.0
  6500  23.0  73.4  150   4  2  25.6  14.0 |  28.4  83.1  210   5  2  41.8  22.9

           07/06/2025 at 1500 MDT          |       07/06/2025 at 1800 MDT        
                                           |
CAPE...  +192.9    LI...       -1.7        | CAPE...   +78.7    LI...       -0.3
CINH...    -5.7    K Index... +29.1        | CINH...  -118.6    K Index... +26.2
                                           |
Height Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate | Temperature  Wnd WndSpd  Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft | deg C deg F  Dir kt m/s  C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 50000 -66.9 -88.4  240  22 11   2.3   1.2 | -67.6 -89.7  245  27 14   2.5   1.4
 45000 -60.7 -77.3  260  35 18   7.3   4.0 | -60.9 -77.6  255  37 19   7.2   3.9
 40000 -49.8 -57.6  260  47 24   7.4   4.1 | -50.0 -58.0  260  43 22   8.0   4.4
 38000 -44.8 -48.6  260  45 23   7.4   4.1 | -45.2 -49.4  260  44 23   8.0   4.4
 36000 -40.4 -40.7  265  44 23   6.7   3.7 | -40.4 -40.7  265  45 23   7.2   4.0
 34000 -36.5 -33.7  265  37 19   6.5   3.6 | -36.6 -33.9  260  38 19   6.3   3.4
 32000 -32.6 -26.7  270  30 16   6.5   3.6 | -32.8 -27.0  255  30 16   6.2   3.4
 30000 -28.6 -19.5  270  27 14   6.7   3.7 | -28.0 -18.4  250  26 13   7.4   4.0
 29000 -26.6 -15.9  265  25 13   6.7   3.7 | -25.8 -14.4  245  24 12   7.4   4.0
 28000 -24.6 -12.3  265  23 12   7.4   4.0 | -23.6 -10.5  245  22 11   6.8   3.7
 27000 -22.4  -8.3  265  22 11   7.3   4.0 | -21.6  -6.9  245  20 10   6.9   3.8
 26000 -20.2  -4.4  265  21 11   7.4   4.0 | -19.5  -3.1  250  17  9   6.9   3.8
 25000 -18.0  -0.4  265  19 10   6.9   3.8 | -17.5   0.5  255  15  8   6.5   3.6
 24000 -15.9   3.4  260  17  9   5.8   3.2 | -15.6   3.9  255  16  8   6.4   3.5
 23000 -14.2   6.4  260  16  8   6.0   3.3 | -13.7   7.3  260  17  9   6.4   3.5
 22000 -12.5   9.5  255  14  7   6.9   3.8 | -11.8  10.8  260  17  9   7.1   3.9
 21000 -10.5  13.1  250  12  6   7.0   3.8 |  -9.7  14.5  265  16  8   7.4   4.0
 20000  -8.5  16.7  250  10  5   7.1   3.9 |  -7.5  18.5  265  15  8   7.4   4.1
 19500  -7.5  18.5  245   9  4   7.7   4.2 |  -6.5  20.3  265  14  7   7.4   4.1
 19000  -6.3  20.7  245   8  4   8.5   4.6 |  -5.4  22.3  270  14  7   7.4   4.1
 18500  -5.1  22.8  240   8  4   8.6   4.7 |  -4.4  24.1  270  13  7   7.4   4.1
 18000  -3.9  25.0  235   8  4   8.2   4.5 |  -3.3  26.1  270  12  6   7.8   4.3
 17500  -2.7  27.1  230   8  4   8.2   4.5 |  -2.2  28.0  270  12  6   7.9   4.3
 17000  -1.5  29.3  230   8  4   8.5   4.7 |  -1.0  30.2  265  13  7   8.0   4.4
 16500  -0.2  31.6  230   8  4   8.9   4.9 |   0.2  32.4  265  13  7   8.7   4.8
 16000   1.1  34.0  230   8  4   8.9   4.9 |   1.5  34.7  260  13  7   8.6   4.7
 15500   2.4  36.3  230   8  4   9.4   5.2 |   2.8  37.0  260  13  7   8.9   4.9
 15000   3.8  38.8  230   8  4   9.3   5.1 |   4.1  39.4  260  13  7   8.9   4.9
 14500   5.2  41.4  230   8  4   9.5   5.2 |   5.4  41.7  260  12  6   9.1   5.0
 14000   6.6  43.9  230   8  4   9.5   5.2 |   6.8  44.2  260  11  6   9.2   5.1
 13500   8.0  46.4  230   8  4   9.6   5.2 |   8.2  46.8  265  10  5   9.2   5.0
 13000   9.5  49.1  235   8  4   9.6   5.3 |   9.5  49.1  270   8  4   9.0   4.9
 12500  10.9  51.6  235   7  4   9.6   5.2 |  11.5  52.7  290   6  3   9.0   4.9
 12000  12.3  54.1  235   7  4   9.5   5.2 |  12.8  55.0  315   4  2   8.9   4.9
 11500  13.7  56.7  240   6  3   8.7   4.8 |  14.2  57.6  330   4  2   9.2   5.0
 11000  15.7  60.3  255   5  3   9.2   5.1 |  15.5  59.9  360   3  2   8.8   4.9
 10500  17.1  62.8  260   5  3   9.5   5.2 |  16.9  62.4  030   5  3   8.9   4.9
 10250  17.8  64.0  270   5  2   8.7   4.8 |  17.5  63.5  040   5  3   8.4   4.6
 10000  18.5  65.3  280   5  2   8.8   4.9 |  18.1  64.6  050   5  3   8.6   4.7
  9750  19.1  66.4  290   5  2   9.1   5.0 |  18.8  65.8  060   6  3   8.4   4.6
  9500  19.8  67.6  295   5  2  10.1   5.6 |  19.4  66.9  065   6  3   9.4   5.2
  9250  20.6  69.1  300   5  2   9.4   5.2 |  20.1  68.2  065   7  4   7.9   4.3
  9000  21.2  70.2  310   5  3   8.4   4.6 |  20.6  69.1  075   8  4   5.9   3.2
  8750  21.9  71.4  315   6  3   8.9   4.9 |  21.0  69.8  085   9  5   6.3   3.5
  8500  22.5  72.5  320   6  3   9.8   5.3 |  21.5  70.7  090  10  5   7.2   3.9
  8250  23.3  73.9  325   6  3   9.9   5.4 |  22.0  71.6  095  11  6   6.1   3.3
  8000  24.0  75.2  325   7  4   9.2   5.0 |  22.3  72.1  100  12  6   3.3   1.8
  7750  24.7  76.5  330   8  4   9.6   5.3 |  22.5  72.5  105  14  7   2.8   1.6
  7500  25.4  77.7  335   8  4  10.2   5.6 |  22.7  72.9  105  15  8   2.7   1.5
  7250  26.2  79.2  335   8  4  10.8   5.9 |  22.8  73.0  105  16  8   2.8   1.5
  7000  27.0  80.6  335   8  4   9.0   4.9 |  23.0  73.4  105  16  8   2.9   1.6
  6750  27.7  81.9  335   8  4  13.6   7.5 |  23.2  73.8  105  16  8   6.3   3.5
  6500  30.0  86.0  335   7  4  61.8  33.9 |  24.2  75.6  105  13  7  25.6  14.0
________________________________________________________________________________

This product is issued once per day, at approximately 730 AM local 
time. It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial 
issuance. 

The information contained herein is based on numerical weather prediction
model data for the Santa Fe County Municipal Airport site in Santa Fe, New Mexico at

                   North Latitude: 35.61097 deg
                   West Longitude: 106.61097 deg
                   Elevation: 6279.5 feet (1936.0 meters)

and may not be representative of other areas along and east of the Sandia
and Manzano Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground.  Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.

The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice.  Comments are welcome and should be directed
to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this page.

DEFINITIONS:

CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
     energy available for convective development, also known as the positive 
     area on a thermodynamic diagram.  Units are Joules per kilogram.  Larger
     values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of 
     stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms.  Values around or
     greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
     convective activity develop.

CINH (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
     needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
     a thermodynamic diagram.  Units are Joules per kilogram.  The more negative
     this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection.  This
     inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
     lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)

Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
     average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
     if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it 
     just becomes saturated.  It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
     produced by surface heating only.

Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
     the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level.  It can be considered a
     "trigger temperature" for that level.

Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.

Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above 
     mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists.  The location and
     existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain 
     waves.

K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
     between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
     of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
     of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface.  Larger 
     positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of 
     thunderstorm development.  One interpretation of K index values regarding
     soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158 
     and is reproduced in the following table:

          below -10    no or weak thermals
           -10 to 5    dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
            5 to 15    good soaring conditions
           15 to 20    good soaring conditions with occasional showers
           20 to 30    excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
                       probability of showers and thunderstorms
           above 30    more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms

Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
     inversions. 

Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the 
     average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
     maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.

Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
     level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
     an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
     condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
     level.  The parcel's initial temperature is the forecast maximum 
     temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
     feet of the airmass.  Negative values are indicative of instability with
     positive values showing stable conditions.

Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals.  It is
     computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
     level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
     Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
     are applied to these calculations.

Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
     forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.

Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals.  It 
     is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
     height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures 
     between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet 
     above the ground.  After this computation, further empirical adjustments
     are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
     middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
     temperature and the time of overdevelopment.  

Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
     or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds.  Broken means that
     between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
     conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
     Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
     some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
     that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
  
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights: 
     1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
        where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
     2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
        where the wind speed no longer increases with height

PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
     on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
     sea level).  Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.

Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
                 and the time of overdevelopment.

Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
     temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
     through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level.  Negative values
     are indicative of thermal lift.

Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the 
     computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
     cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
     temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:

                 Maximum rate of lift        Adjective Rating
                      >= 800 fpm                 Excellent
                 >= 400 and < 800 fpm              Good
                 >= 200 and < 400 fpm              Fair
                       < 200 fpm                   Poor  

Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
     which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
     1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
     2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
     3. initiation of widespread precipitation

Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
     reach the trigger temperature.

Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
     feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.

Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which 
     attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
     soaring into a single index number.  Objective points are assigned to
     these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
     stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
     the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough 
     movements.

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Latest Upper Air Sounding from Albuquerque (Weather Balloon Data issued twice daily)


 
 

Latest Winds Aloft Over Albuquerque (Weather Balloon Data issued twice daily)

 


 

Albuquerque (KABX) Radar Velocity Azimuth Display Wind Profile (Observed)

Albuquerque Vertical Wind Profile (Forecast from Rapid Refresh Model)

Lowest 2000 ft Above Ground Level

Vertical Wind Profile (for lowest 2000 ft)

Albuquerque Vertical Wind Profiler at Double Eagle Airport (Real-time observations)

Note: The Wind Profiler is moved to Balloon Fiesta Park during Balloon Fiesta

Double Eagle (Albuquerque) Vertical Wind Profiler

Map of Surface Observations (Including Winds)
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Phone Numbers for Up-to-the-Minute Airport Observations

  • Albuquerque International Sunport (KABQ): (505) 242-4044

  • Albuquerque Double Eagle II Airport (KAEG): (505) 842-2009

  • Grants-Milan Municipal Airport (KGNT): (505) 287-9890

  • Belen Regional Airport (KBRG): (505) 864-4375

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Albuquerque (ZAB) Center Weather Service Unit

Regional perspective of aviation weather forecasts and data

 

Wind Roses for Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) Sites

Diagram showing the relative frequency of wind direction and speed each airport