National Weather Service United States Department of Commerce

Lowell to Impact Hawaii; Heat Persists in the South-Central U.S.

Hurricane Lowell is forecast to pass west of Kauai`s coastal waters tonight. Impacts such as high surf and heavy rain could impact all of the islands. Sweltering heat remains across the South-Central Plains and Lower/Middle Mississippi Valley into this week with limited nighttime relief. Periods of moderate to heavy rainfall will be possible through Tuesday morning in the northern Rockies. Read More >

 
Tornado Image by Brad Goddard

NWS Office of Dissemination

The National Weather Service (NWS) provides weather, hydrologic, and climate, observations, forecasts, and warnings for the United States, its territories, adjacent waters and ocean areas, for the protection of life and property and the enhancement of the national economy. Our mission is to provide timely, efficient, and reliable weather, water, and climate information to improve public safety for a Weather-Ready Nation.

The Office of Dissemination, specifically the Dissemination Systems Branch (DSB), conceives, designs, implements, and manages telecommunications systems required to distribute meteorological and hydrologic data, reports, information, and weather warnings to the public, public safety agencies, and the mass news media through governmental and public telecommunications systems.

Dissemination Systems

NOAA Weather Radio All Hazards (NWR) - seven (7) discrete FM frequencies for broadcasting local weather, alerts, and hazard warnings. Some receivers can connect to external alerting devices.

NOAA Weather Wire Service (NWWS) - fastest method of receiving text weather information, alerts and warnings over either the Internet or a 1.8m C-Band satellite dish.  For highest product availability, use both.

Emergency Managers Weather Information Network (EMWIN) - NWS text, satellite imagery and graphic products over the Internet and via high data rate over the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) network using 1.0m C-band satellite dish.

International Services and Communication Systems (ISCS) - a collective group of message dissemination systems used to provide weather, water and climate information to segments of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) International community; includes

  • GeoNetCast - Americas (GNC-A) - provide weather and water warnings and information in various formats via C-Band broadcast.
  • GTS Internet File Service (GIFS) - alternate method of receiving GNC-A weather and water information over the public Internet.
  • EMWIN is included here because it also services the international community
NWR View Outages
 
NWR Transmitter Status

This information was current on:
 

  • Welcome to the Dissemination Systems Branch landing page. From here you can access six tabs down the left edge; Dissemination Home, FAQs, Coverage Comparison, System Comparison, Network Diagram, Dissemination Table, and Acronyms. Picture below is of a tornado funnel cloud touching the surface and picking up dust.
  • Down the center of the web page is NWS Office of Dissemination information ending in a link to Weather Ready Nation. And a second paragraph about the Dissemination Systems Branch (DSB) . Following this paragraph are Dissemination Systems. Here are descriptions of the four dissemination systems; NOAA Weather Radio All Hazards, NOAA Weather Wire Service, Emergency Managers Weather Information Network, and the International Services and Communication Systems with two sub-system bullets; G T S Internet File Service, and GeoNetCast- Americas. Each of the description titles for systems and sub-systems are hyper links to the respective URL. Below the last sub-system listed is a table indicating the NOAA Weather Radio transmitter status as of  .
  • The right edge of the web page has a general picture depicting a weather feature; a long straight road with dark thunder clouds above and a tornado funnel cloud touching the horizon of the road. Below is a yellow box with various updates; expansion of partial county alerting, links to public information statements, the partial county expansion page, a link to ISCS – 0227 new Micronesia products from the Weather Forecast Office located in Guam. Below this is a table indicating the operational status of the dissemination systems. Finally, a note about the last NWWS transition completed on June 16, 2022.
NOAA Weather Radio Station Status

This information was current on:
 

Frequently Asked Questions

Click an FAQ to view questions then click the question to view the answer.

Welcome to the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ ) page.

  • This page follows the standard setup with nine horizontal tabs under the main National Weather Service title; these tabs are Home, Forecast, Past Weather, Safety, Information, Education, News, Search, and About.
  • Under the Home tab on the left is a box to enter your “city”, “state”, or zip-code, then a “GO” button to receive a local forecast. Next to this feature is text box highlighting a weather feature.
  • Under the above area on the left is the FAQ title with links to weather dot gov and national weather service dissemination parent pages. There are seven horizontal tabs; DSB Home, Systems, DSB Information, Notices, Contacts, About DSB, and Resources. This is followed by a banner across the middle of the page indicating Frequently Asked Questions and four vertical tabs down the left side; Important Links, Contact Us, Coverage Comparison, and Other Resources; and four horizontal clickable links for NWR FAQs (for NOAA Weather Radio), NWWS FAQs (for NOAA Weather Wire Service), E M W I N FAQs (for Emergency Managers Weather Information Network), and ISCS FAQs (for International Services and Communication Systems).
  • Clicking on one of the FAQ links will produce a series of question links down the middle of the page. Clinking the respective FAQ will produce a response box.

Coverage Comparison

Geographical Coverage - The images below present the radio frequency coverage plots for the NWWS, EMWIN and ISCS satellite broadcasts and the NWR VHF radio broadcasts. Any potential user will need to ensure they are in the respective footprint for signal reception.

  • Welcome to the System Coverage Comparison page. This page follows the standard setup with nine horizontal tabs under the main National Weather Service title; these tabs are Home, Forecast, Past Weather, Safety, Information, Education, News, Search, and About.
  • Under the Home tab on the left is a box to enter your “city”, “state”, or zip-code, then a “GO” button to receive a local forecast. Next to this feature is text box highlighting a weather feature.
  • Under the above is the National Weather Service Dissemination title with the weather dot gov link under. There are seven vertical tabs; DSB Home, Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), Coverage Comparison; which is highlighted in blue indicating the current webpage, System Comparison, Network Diagram, Dissemination Table, and Acronyms. There are seven horizontal tabs; DSB Home, Systems, DSB Information, Notices, Contacts, About DSB, and Resources. This is followed by a banner across the middle of the page indicating Coverage Comparison.
  • Coverage maps are provided in the following order; NOAA Weather Radio propagation, NOAA Weather Wire Service Galaxy-28, EMWIN GOES East and GOES West, and ISCS GeoNetcast for the Americas (GNC-A).
  • NOAA Weather Radio propagation coverage based on over 1030 transmitters covers over 95% of the United States including Guam, the Marianas, American Samoa, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. Alaska coverage is isolated to high population areas and some coastal areas.
  • NOAA Weather Wire Service satellite coverage extends over Central and North America, the Caribbean to the West Coast of Greenland, most of the Canadian Archipelago north. West coast of Alaska may require a larger dish to receive the NWWS transmission.
  • EMWIN GOES transmission covers the Central Pacific to Central Atlantic and North, Central and South Americas. ISCS GNC-A plot covers North, Central and South Americas, Eastern Pacific to Europe and Africa West Coast. Alaska and Western Northwest territories Canada are outside the marginal reception ring.

System Comparison

The NWS uses multiple systems and communication channels to accomplish its mission of communicating …

Click the links below to view the system webpages.
NWR NOAA Weather Radio
NWWS NOAA Weather Wire Service
EMWIN Emergency Managers Weather Information Network
ISCS International Services and Communication Systems
  Services Click the links below to view details on the services.
Dissemination NWR NWWS EMWIN ISCS
Satellite No YES YES YES
Radio Broadcast YES No No No
Internet (Push) No YES No No
Internet (Pull) No No YES YES
eMail No No No No
Direct to Social Media No No No No
Interactive Webpage No No Yes (see note) Yes (see note)
US National Products YES YES YES YES
International Products No No YES YES
Image Products No No YES YES

Notes: Web Page GUI allows products to be downloaded by clicking on the product file(s).

System: NWR

NOAA Weather Radio

Geo Coverage:
Over 1000 VHF FM transmitters across USA and territories (details)
Receiving System:
Commercial NWR Receiver with 7-discrete frequencies between 162.400 MHz to 162.550 MHz (details)
Access Constraint(s):
Open access to voice broadcast of all NWR transmitters within range (details)
Est. Cost (one time):
NWR commercial receivers $20 - $120 (details)
Est. Cost (recurring):
Electric power consumption and/or batteries. None

Supplemental System Information

System: NWWS

NWWS – Satellite Broadcast

Geo Coverage
Most of North and Central America, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean
(excluding areas west of a line south-southwest from Utqiagvik through Bethel)
Receiving System
DVB-S2 receiver (NOVRA 300S or similar)
Access Constraints
Galaxy-28 Channel 201 is best
Estimated One-Time Cost
Varies; includes computer, software, receiver, and 1.8m+ satellite dish
Estimated Recurring Cost
Varies; includes local computer, software, and receiver maintenance

NWWS – Internet Push (a.k.a. NWWS Open Interface (O/I))

Geo Coverage
Global (via the Internet)
Receiving System
Computer with XMPP reader or XMPP-compliant software to read product descriptions
Access Constraints
NWS-issued account credentials (User ID & Password) required
Estimated One-Time Cost
Varies; includes computer and requisite software (purchased or developed)
Estimated Recurring Cost
Varies; includes computer and software updates, maintenance, or annual fee

Note:

  • To quickly check User ID and password, use PIDGIN (with XMPP Console), GAJIM, or Mozilla Thunderbird
  • These tools only show message header info.
  • A commercial or custom XMPP app is needed to read full messages ("stanzas")

Supplemental System Information

  • NWWS Configuration
  • Operational Poster (PDF)
  • NWWS-OI Set-up Information

    This set-up can be used in Pidgin (or other XMPP readers) to verify or test account access/availability; especially if the User_ID and password failed to grant access and an error occurred.

    See CONFIGURATION for specific input for XMPP readers.

      Previous Set-Up Current Set-Up
    Domain: nwws-oi.weather.gov nwws-oi.weather.gov
    Resource: nwws nwws
    Connection security: Use Old-style SSL Require encryption or
    Use encryption if available
    Connect port: 5223 5222
    Proxy type Use Global proxy settings No Proxy or Use Global proxy settings
  • User Options for Alerts and Warnings

System: EMWIN

EMWIN – Satellite Broadcast

Geo Coverage
2/3 of the globe
https://noaasis.noaa.gov/GOES/HRIT/broadcast.html
Receiving System
HRIT satellite receiving system and application software
https://noaasis.noaa.gov/GOES/HRIT/manu_list.html
Access Constraints
Open access, user account not required
Estimated One-Time Cost
Varies: computer, software, receiver
Commercial receiver: $20K–$60K
Hobby receiver: $1000–$1800
Estimated Recurring Cost
Varies (local computer, software, and receiver maintenance)

EMWIN – Internet Pull (a.k.a. EMWIN FTP Server)

Geo Coverage
Global via public Internet
details
Receiving System
Computer with Internet connection and OS/browser software
details
Access Constraints
None – anonymous FTP server; NWS may limit/reject the access of abusive users
Estimated One-Time Cost
Varies (computer, software)
Estimated Recurring Cost
Varies (local computer/software maintenance, public internet service)

Supplemental System Information

System: ISCS

ISCS – Satellite Broadcast (aka: GEONETCast-Americas)

Geo Coverage
WMO RA-IV Region, plus (details)
Receiving System
C-band receiver with FAAST demod software/appliance (details)
Access Constraints
Open access with use of FAAST demod – user account not required
Est. Cost (one-time)
Varies: computer, software, receiver [commercial receiver: $20–$30K] (details)
Est. Cost (recurring)
Varies (local computer, software and receiver maintenance)

ISCS – Internet Pull (aka: GTS Internet File Service / GIFS)

Geo Coverage
Global via public Internet
Receiving System
Computer with Internet connection and OS / Browser software (details)
Access Constraints
None – anonymous FTP server; NWS may limit/reject access from abusive users
Est. Cost (one-time)
Varies (computer, software)
Est. Cost (recurring)
Varies (local computer/software maintenance, public internet service)

Supplemental System Information

  • Welcome to the Dissemination System Comparison page. This page follows the standard setup with nine horizontal tabs under the main National Weather Service title; these tabs are Home, Forecast, Past Weather, Safety, Information, Education, News, Search, and About.
  • Under the Home tab on the left is a box to enter your “city”, “state”, or zip-code, then a “GO” button to receive a local forecast. Next to this feature is text box highlighting a weather feature.
  • Under the above is the National Weather Service Dissemination title with the weather dot gov link under. There are seven vertical tabs; DSB Home, Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), Coverage Comparison; which is highlighted in blue indicating the current page, System Comparison highlighted in blue for the current webpage, Network Diagram, Dissemination Table, and Acronyms. There are seven horizontal tabs; DSB Home, Systems, DSB Information, Notices, Contacts, About DSB, and Resources. This is followed by a banner across the middle of the page indicating System Comparison.
  • A box containing the four system linkable acronyms with the respective definitions is in the middle; NWR, NWWS, EMWIN, and ISCS.
  • A 5-column table follows the box with each system in a column across the top and method of dissemination down the leftmost column.
  • Satellite Dissemination is available in NWWS, EMWIN, and ISCS.
  • Radio Broadcast is only available from NOAA Weather Radio.
  • Internet Push is available only from NWWS.
  • Internet Pull is available from EMWIN and ISCS.
  • eMail dissemination is not available from any of the four dissemination systems.
  • Direct dissemination to social media is not available from any of the four dissemination systems.
  • Interactive Webpages is offered from EMWIN and ISCS where the webpages allow products to be downloaded by clicking on the product files.
  • United States National Products, alerts and warnings are available from all dissemination systems.
  • International Products are available over EMWIN and ISCS.
  • Image products are available over EMWIN and ISCS.
  • Below the table are comparative descriptions for each dissemination system; Geo Coverage, Receiving System, Access Constraints, Estimated one-time cost, Recurring costs and any supplemental information.
  • These descriptions are in the same dissemination system order; NWR, NWWS, EMWIN, and ISCS.

Network Diagram

User Alert Modes: Here are various modes for receiving weather information, alerts, and warnings. See Dissemination Table for more info.

Welcome to the Dissemination Network Diagram page.

  • This page follows the standard setup with nine horizontal tabs under the main National Weather Service title; these tabs are Home, Forecast, Past Weather, Safety, Information, Education, News, Search, and About.
  • Under the Home tab on the left is a box to enter your “city”, “state”, or zip-code, then a “GO” button to receive a local forecast. Next to this feature is text box highlighting a weather feature.
  • Under the above is the National Weather Service Dissemination title with the weather dot gov link under. There are seven vertical tabs; DSB Home, Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), Coverage Comparison, System Comparison, Network Diagram; which is highlighted in blue indicating the current webpage, Dissemination Table, and Acronyms. There are seven horizontal tabs; DSB Home, Systems, DSB Information, Notices, Contacts, About DSB, and Resources. This is followed by a banner across the middle of the page indicating User Alert Modes.
  • A diagram of boxes and lines connecting to a list of user modes is in the middle. User modes include satellite, Internet, and radio.
  • Satellite reception mode is available from EMWIN with 1-meter dish, NWWS and NWS SBN/NOAAPORT Galaxy-28 via 1.8 meter dish or greater, and GNC-A ISCS with a 1-meter dish.
  • Internet reception mode is available from EMWIN, NWWS Open Interface, and ISCS GIFS.
  • Radio reception is only from NOAA Weather Radio; however in some areas EMWIN users are able to rebroadcast over specific VHF.
  • See Dissemination Table (left side tab) for additional information.

Dissemination Table

Click on system name to see additional detail.


Dissemination Table


(Mode)

NWR NWWS EMWIN ISCS FTP Anonymous SBN/NOAAPORT
Satellite see NWWS or SBN/NOAAPORT SBN/NOAAPORT Channel 201

GOES-East (16)
GOES-West (18)

Channels:
20,21, & 22

GNC-A Channels
ISCS-ADMIN
ISCS-ANLZ-CLIMATE
ISCS-BUFR
ISCS-FCAST
ISCS-GRIB1
ISCS-GRIB2
ISCS-PIC
ISCS-RADAR
ISCS-SAT
ISCS-SURFACE
ISCS-UA
ISCS-WARN
NO Channel 101-108
Internet

Check with local WFO webpages for NWR audio links.

Commercially available apps carry NWR audio.

XMPP One-way chatroom requires NWS issued User_ID and password with XMPP chat/reader software program (Java, Pidgin, Gajim, or similar)

–[See also Weather API]
 
FTP server GIFS < 24-hour connection

[See also Weather API]
[See also Weather API]
FM Radio 162.400 MHz, 162.425 MHz, 162.450 MHz, 162.475 MHz, 162.500 MHz, 162.525 MHz, and 162.550 MHz see NWR

User Rebroadcast Capability

163.300 MHz,
163.325 MHz,
163.350 MHz,
168.7125 MHz, and 168.8125 MHz

NO NO
Can be used to activate the local Emergency Alert System (EAS) YES YES NO NO YES
CAP formatted text products available in Product Stream

XOAK57 KWBC
XOAK58 KWBC
XOAK59 KWBC
XOCA52 KWBC
XOGM50 KWBC
XOHW KWBC
XOUS51 KWBC
XOUS52 KWBC
XOUS53 KWBC
XOUS54 KWBC
XOUS55 KWBC
XOUS56 KWBC
XOXX55 KWBC
XOZS50 KWBC
 
Not available Not available Not available Not available YES YES

Welcome to the Dissemination Table page

  • This page follows the standard setup with nine horizontal tabs under the main National Weather Service title; these tabs are Home, Forecast, Past Weather, Safety, Information, Education, News, Search, and About.
  • Under the Home tab on the left is a box to enter your “city”, “state”, or zip-code, then a “GO” button to receive a local forecast. Next to this feature is text box highlighting a weather feature.
  • Under the above is the National Weather Service Dissemination title with the weather dot gov link under. There are seven vertical tabs; DSB Home, Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ), Coverage Comparison, System Comparison, Network Diagram, Dissemination Table; which is highlighted in blue indicating the current webpage, and Acronyms. There are seven horizontal tabs; DSB Home, Systems, DSB Information, Notices, Contacts, About DSB, and Resources. This is followed by a banner across the middle of the page indicating Dissemination Table.
  • Below this is a seven column table with modes down the left column and a column for each dissemination system; NWR, NWWS, EMWIN, ISCS, F T P Anonymous, anDSB N / NOAAport.
  • Satellite mode; NWWS S B N / NOAAport Channel 201, EMWIN GOES Channels 20, 21 and 22, ISCS GNC-A Channels listed, anDSB N / NOAAport Channels 101 to 108.
  • Internet mode; may be available of local WFO webpage, NWWS Open Interface one-way chatroom, EMWIN FTP server, ISCS GIFS, FTP Anonymous server.
  • FM Radio mode; NWR frequencies between 162 point 400 and 162 point 550 mega hertz, EMWIN rebroadcast may be available over 163 point 300, 163 point 325, 163 point 350, 168 point 7125 or 168 point 8125 mega hertz.
  • Used for Emergency Alert System activation mode; NWR , NWWS , anDSB N / NOAAport
  • CAP formatted digital messaging mode; only over S B N / NOAAport

Acronyms

Abbreviation Short for
AFS Analyze, Forecast and Support
AWIPS Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System
BMH Broadcast Message Handler
CAP Common Alerting Protocol
CLA (note 1) Climatological Report (Annual)
CLI (note 1) Climatological Report (Daily)
CLM (note 1) Climatological Report (Monthly)
COG Collaborative Operating Group (FEMA)
CONUS Continental United States
DHS Department of Homeland Security
DIS or DISS Office of Dissemination
DOC Department of Commerce
DSB Dissemination Systems Branch
EDT Eastern Daylight Time
EMWIN Emergency Managers Weather Information Network
EST Eastern Standard Time
ET Eastern Time
EWW (note 1) Extreme Wind Warning
FAQ Frequently Asked Questions
FCC Federal Communications Commission
FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
FM Frequency Modulation
FTP File Transfer Protocol
GIFS Global Telecommunications System (GTS) Internet File Service
GOES Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite
HF High Frequency
HLS (note 1) Hurricane Local Statement
HRIT High Rate Information Transmission
IPAWS Integrated Public Alert and Warning System
ISCS International Services and Communication Systems
LDM Local Data Manager
LNB Low Noise Block down converter
LRIT Low Rate Information Transmission
LSR (note 1) Local Storm Report
MHZ MegaHertz
NCO NCEP Central Operations
NIDS NWS Internet Dissemination System
Abbreviation Short for
NOAA National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration
NSD NOAA Staff Directory
NTIA National Telecommunications and Information Administration
NWA National Weather Association
NWR NOAA Weather Radio
NWS National Weather Service
NWSI National Weather Service Instruction
NWSTG National Weather Service Telecommunications Gateway
NWWS NOAA Weather Wire System
OBS Office of Observations
OI Open Interface
PCA Partial County Alerting
PID Packet Identifier
PNS (note 1) Public Information Statement
RMTN Regional Meteorological Telecommunications Network
RSS Really Simple Syndication
SAME Specific Area Message Encoding
SBN Satellite Broadcast Network
SDM Senior Duty Meteorologist
SCN Service Change Notice
SMS Short Message Service
TAF (note 1) Terminal Aerodrome Forecasts
TBD To Be Determined
TSU (note 1) Tsunami Watch/Warning
USCG U.S. Coast Guard
USGS United States Geological Survey
UTC Coordinated Universal Time
UGC University Grants Commission
VHF Very High Frequency
VPN Virtual Private Network
WFO Weather Forecast Office
WSH Weather Service Headquarters
XML eXtensible Markup Language
XMPP Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol
Z Zulu
ZFP (note 1) Zone Forecast Point

Note 1: AWIPS Category Codes as defined in: www.weather.gov/source/datamgmt/xr04_X_ref_by_NNN.html