Thunderstorms, some severe, may produce heavy to excessive rainfall and isolated flooding over portions of the Southern Plains today and Saturday. Dry conditions, combined with gusty winds and low relative humidities will continue to support an elevated to critical fire weather threat in the Desert Southwest into to early next week. Read More >
National Weather Service | Dallas/Fort Worth |
30 Year Normals (1981-2010) | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Ann | ||
N o r m a l |
Maximum (°F) | 56.1 | 60.2 | 67.1 | 75.2 | 82.4 | 89.6 | 94.3 | 95.5 | 88.6 | 78.5 | 67.4 | 57.5 | 76.0 | |
Minimum (°F) | 33.1 | 36.9 | 44.3 | 51.8 | 61.9 | 69.0 | 72.4 | 72.1 | 64.8 | 53.8 | 44.4 | 34.7 | 53.3 | ||
Precipitation (in.) | 2.85 | 3.03 | 3.89 | 2.68 | 4.50 | 3.51 | 2.20 | 2.50 | 2.83 | 5.07 | 3.56 | 3.30 | 39.92 | ||
Degree Days |
Heating | 633 | 464 | 308 | 115 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 85 | 296 | 589 | 2512 | |
Cooling | 1 | 3 | 20 | 70 | 235 | 429 | 569 | 583 | 360 | 120 | 23 | 3 | 2416 | ||
Monthly Precipitation | |||||||||||||||
Year | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Ann | ||
2011 | 3.22 | 1.56 | 0.49 | 1.73 | 5.07 | 3.30 | 0.00 | 0.36 | 2.48 | 2.55 | |||||
2010 | 4.36 | 2.68 | 4.86 | 2.58 | 1.98 | 2.60 | 1.92 | 3.75 | 1.46 | 2.82 | 1.11 | NA | |||
2009 | 1.69 | 1.06 | 5.72 | 3.30 | 6.12 | 4.91 | 3.40 | 3.76 | 7.34 | 12.89 | 2.03 | 2.87 | 55.09 | ||
2008 | 1.58 | 1.76 | 6.38 | 6.53 | 3.22 | 2.39 | 0.76 | 3.32 | 2.76 | 2.03 | 5.25 | 1.22 | 37.23 | ||
2007 | 5.44 | 1.47 | 8.47 | 0.79 | 9.15 | 7.99 | 5.23 | 6.86 | 5.19 | 1.94 | 1.76 | 3.35 | 57.64 | ||
2006 | 4.25 | 2.65 | 4.98 | 2.17 | 1.61 | 1.38 | 1.36 | 2.92 | 2.30 | 3.03 | 1.21 | 4.75 | 32.61 | ||
2005 | 4.18 | 1.62 | 2.76 | 3.45 | 2.26 | 0.35 | 4.80 | 0.88 | 2.36 | 0.61 | 3.34 | 0.45 | 27.06 | ||
2004 | 1.95 | 6.44 | 1.81 | 6.88 | 4.37 | 6.93 | 2.55 | 3.04 | 0.36 | 3.20 | 3.91 | 1.00 | 42.44 | ||
2003 | 0.36 | 4.80 | 1.91 | 1.83 | 3.07 | 3.38 | 1.52 | 2.77 | 3.69 | 2.03 | 0.80 | 0.15 | 26.31 | ||
2002 | 1.67 | 1.61 | 3.41 | 2.91 | 6.06 | 0.71 | 4.91 | 4.74 | 2.96 | 6.50 | 0.32 | 5.66 | 41.46 | ||
2001 | 2.67 | 2.82 | 5.10 | 0.17 | 2.74 | 1.70 | 0.00 | 6.76 | 2.63 | 5.59 | 2.06 | 7.89 | 40.13 | ||
2000 | 1.94 | 4.16 | 3.55 | 1.00 | 7.18 | 8.47 | 0.30 | 0.00 | 1.90 | 2.33 | 7.26 | 4.19 | 42.28 | ||
1999 | 4.61 | 0.08 | 4.80 | 1.05 | 4.47 | 0.99 | 0.94 | 0.00 | 1.66 | 2.75 | 0.18 | 3.79 | 25.32 | ||
1998 | 6.93 | 3.33 | 3.15 | 1.22 | 0.49 | 1.22 | 1.35 | 1.21 | 2.98 | 10.80 | 7.34 | 2.70 | 42.72 | ||
1997 | 0.81 | 6.89 | 4.25 | 7.73 | 1.86 | 3.42 | 0.23 | 6.19 | 0.20 | 6.61 | 2.90 | 5.99 | 47.08 | ||
1996 | 0.80 | 0.00 | 1.67 | 3.43 | 0.97 | 5.43 | 2.69 | 2.72 | 2.74 | 1.79 | 5.84 | 2.06 | 30.14 | ||
1995 | 5.24 | 0.15 | 4.91 | 4.91 | 6.76 | 2.89 | 2.47 | 2.24 | 3.69 | 0.07 | 1.77 | 2.79 | 37.89 | ||
1994 | 0.94 | 4.33 | 3.13 | 2.47 | M | 3.21 | 4.11 | 1.37 | 1.11 | 7.49 | 4.93 | 6.44 | NA | ||
1993 | 1.45 | 5.33 | 4.24 | 4.73 | 2.48 | 2.06 | 0.21 | 0.67 | 3.23 | 11.84 | 3.41 | 1.26 | 40.91 | ||
1992 | 4.76 | M | 5.81 | 1.91 | 1.47 | 2.65 | 1.40 | 4.15 | 1.45 | 5.94 | 5.28 | 4.33 | NA | ||
1991 | 4.38 | 2.99 | 0.62 | 1.98 | 3.32 | 3.23 | 2.03 | 5.65 | 3.30 | 10.61 | 5.51 | 7.08 | 50.70 | ||
1990 | 8.77 | 4.39 | 7.23 | 4.82 | 10.83 | 2.22 | 0.31 | 2.28 | 2.42 | 1.60 | 7.12 | 1.86 | 53.85 | ||
1989 | 2.78 | 3.51 | 3.33 | 2.07 | 8.93 | 5.50 | 2.70 | 1.22 | 3.26 | 2.29 | 0.84 | 0.76 | 37.19 | ||
1988 | 0.76 | 1.97 | 3.96 | 1.37 | 2.21 | 1.73 | 4.13 | 0.11 | 3.24 | 2.11 | 5.35 | 2.51 | 29.45 | ||
1987 | 2.60 | 4.14 | 2.30 | 0.81 | 4.09 | 1.13 | 1.14 | 0.05 | 2.07 | 1.78 | 5.38 | 4.76 | 30.25 | ||
1986 | 1.08 | 5.52 | 0.59 | 3.95 | 4.35 | 4.70 | 4.29 | 6.33 | 6.64 | 6.20 | 5.46 | 1.60 | 50.71 | ||
1985 | 0.94 | 3.09 | 3.10 | 4.05 | 2.35 | 1.85 | 3.91 | 0.38 | 2.67 | 10.91 | 3.78 | 3.31 | 40.34 | ||
1984 | 1.91 | 2.57 | 4.77 | 0.42 | 1.41 | 4.70 | 0.31 | 0.40 | M | 8.42 | 2.69 | 4.71 | NA | ||
1983 | 0.25 | 4.47 | 5.52 | 0.05 | 5.95 | 2.13 | 2.15 | 1.47 | 1.17 | 1.30 | 2.79 | 1.75 | 29.00 | ||
1982 | 2.86 | 2.00 | 2.15 | 2.71 | 6.07 | M | 0.80 | 1.04 | 0.36 | 3.71 | 4.38 | 7.19 | NA | ||
1981 | 1.28 | 0.85 | 3.02 | 1.40 | 9.87 | 9.61 | 3.46 | 0.67 | 4.51 | 9.62 | 2.88 | 0.22 | 47.39 | ||
1980 | 4.97 | 1.83 | 1.76 | 3.98 | 3.42 | 2.23 | 0.97 | 0.17 | 4.34 | 0.72 | 1.85 | 2.01 | 28.25 | ||
1979 | 3.03 | 3.57 | 4.32 | M | 8.05 | 1.21 | 3.38 | 4.61 | 3.68 | 2.39 | 0.93 | 4.68 | NA | ||
1978 | 2.31 | 4.38 | 2.86 | 1.28 | 6.32 | 0.95 | 1.31 | 2.71 | 3.79 | 0.96 | 6.46 | 0.81 | 34.14 | ||
1977 | 2.94 | 5.30 | 3.41 | 4.48 | 0.54 | 2.23 | 1.11 | 2.16 | 1.16 | 1.18 | 3.04 | 1.45 | 29.00 | ||
1976 | 0.19 | 1.42 | 4.72 | 8.55 | 6.86 | 3.52 | 2.29 | 0.42 | 5.07 | 4.18 | 0.26 | 2.86 | 40.34 | ||
Year | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Ann | ||
1975 | 1.41 | 4.15 | 3.84 | 4.57 | 4.12 | 2.29 | 2.48 | 0.57 | 1.54 | 0.67 | 2.08 | 1.95 | 29.67 | ||
1974 | 4.27 | 0.70 | 0.91 | 2.71 | 8.07 | 3.91 | 0.22 | 5.32 | 3.04 | 2.17 | 6.39 | 2.94 | 40.65 | ||
1973 | 4.38 | 2.59 | 4.31 | 9.15 | 2.04 | 9.06 | 1.42 | 2.19 | 6.64 | 7.06 | 2.09 | 2.84 | 53.77 | ||
1972 | 3.86 | 0.31 | 1.84 | 2.06 | 1.42 | 1.87 | 1.85 | 0.67 | 2.12 | 4.92 | 4.44 | 1.60 | 26.96 | ||
1971 | 0.22 | 2.22 | 0.60 | 1.72 | 2.45 | 1.80 | 9.64 | 2.35 | 1.88 | 8.82 | 1.50 | 10.96 | 44.16 | ||
1970 | 0.92 | 6.19 | 5.45 | 4.14 | 3.68 | 0.90 | 0.23 | 1.08 | 8.48 | 6.17 | 0.93 | 1.25 | 39.42 | ||
1969 | 0.84 | 4.11 | 5.41 | 3.60 | 12.46 | 0.74 | 0.30 | 4.25 | 2.14 | 6.26 | 1.31 | 4.79 | 46.21 | ||
1968 | 3.77 | 2.74 | 3.85 | 4.59 | 5.58 | 3.62 | 1.22 | 1.72 | 3.34 | 1.07 | 4.89 | 1.30 | 37.69 | ||
1967 | 0.65 | 2.10 | 1.62 | 3.53 | 4.90 | 0.34 | 3.36 | 0.76 | 7.13 | 12.25 | 2.50 | 5.28 | 44.42 | ||
1966 | 2.25 | 3.00 | 2.08 | 12.20 | 6.01 | 1.99 | 3.04 | 6.21 | 6.73 | 0.87 | 0.39 | 1.73 | 46.50 | ||
1965 | 2.64 | 5.45 | 3.36 | 1.89 | 8.84 | 1.83 | 0.24 | 1.75 | 5.17 | 1.64 | 3.61 | 1.98 | 38.40 | ||
1964 | 2.59 | 2.04 | 3.05 | 7.72 | 2.61 | 1.32 | 0.63 | 1.12 | 10.53 | 0.47 | 3.52 | 1.05 | 36.65 | ||
1963 | 0.84 | 0.12 | 1.08 | 7.17 | 1.88 | 3.51 | 1.42 | 0.41 | 0.66 | 0.00 | 4.05 | 1.67 | 22.81 | ||
1962 | 1.74 | 2.83 | 0.85 | 4.61 | 2.96 | 4.51 | 6.14 | 0.95 | 4.98 | 3.56 | 3.65 | 2.45 | 39.23 | ||
1961 | 4.03 | 3.18 | 3.64 | 1.17 | 2.62 | 6.04 | 1.56 | 1.89 | 3.63 | 2.12 | 3.89 | 2.59 | 36.36 | ||
1960 | 4.91 | 2.99 | 1.19 | 3.11 | 2.93 | 4.68 | 2.73 | 5.63 | 4.27 | 2.61 | 1.18 | 8.20 | 44.43 | ||
1959 | 0.12 | 4.88 | 1.54 | 5.36 | 6.24 | 3.87 | 5.66 | 1.78 | 0.80 | 6.78 | 0.74 | 5.51 | 43.28 | ||
1958 | 2.31 | 1.22 | 3.07 | 7.41 | 3.94 | 2.11 | 3.36 | 1.50 | 6.75 | 2.56 | 1.98 | 1.62 | 37.83 | ||
1957 | 3.37 | 1.90 | 4.32 | 14.50 | 6.24 | 2.82 | 0.94 | 2.57 | 5.37 | 7.40 | 5.71 | 2.29 | 57.43 | ||
1956 | 2.54 | 4.33 | 0.35 | 1.27 | 3.87 | 0.88 | 0.45 | 0.66 | 0.02 | 2.39 | 4.80 | 1.74 | 23.30 | ||
1955 | 1.47 | 3.57 | 2.64 | 3.63 | 2.92 | 2.37 | 1.91 | 5.60 | 2.01 | 0.68 | 0.05 | 1.15 | 28.00 | ||
1954 | 3.67 | 1.71 | 0.67 | 0.89 | 4.48 | 2.17 | 0.17 | 0.94 | 2.68 | 7.08 | 2.81 | 0.98 | 28.25 | ||
1953 | 1.06 | 1.49 | 2.84 | 6.01 | 5.48 | 0.49 | 1.27 | 2.32 | 1.18 | 3.04 | 2.19 | 4.47 | 31.84 | ||
1952 | 0.89 | 2.79 | 2.87 | 7.93 | 7.51 | 0.76 | 1.66 | 0.20 | 0.45 | 0.34 | 6.92 | 4.84 | 37.16 | ||
1951 | 2.24 | 3.36 | 1.48 | 2.16 | 5.14 | 8.04 | 1.41 | 0.68 | 2.86 | 7.02 | 1.17 | 0.69 | 36.25 | ||
Year | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Ann | ||
1950 | 4.68 | 6.88 | 0.61 | 4.93 | 6.74 | 4.47 | 6.15 | 3.31 | 3.24 | 0.98 | 1.15 | 0.13 | 43.27 | ||
1949 | 5.56 | 2.99 | 2.88 | 4.23 | 3.39 | 2.09 | 2.67 | 0.89 | 1.74 | 6.32 | 0.57 | 1.66 | 34.99 | ||
1948 | 3.45 | 1.95 | 2.11 | 3.60 | 5.57 | 1.48 | 2.97 | 0.66 | 1.48 | 1.63 | 2.60 | 1.42 | 28.92 | ||
1947 | 2.66 | 0.72 | 2.46 | 6.46 | 3.30 | 6.86 | 0.00 | 4.26 | 3.52 | 2.15 | 3.94 | 6.90 | 43.23 | ||
1946 | 4.71 | 4.50 | 2.66 | 2.00 | 8.90 | 1.67 | 1.24 | 2.26 | 1.00 | 2.20 | 9.87 | 1.78 | 42.79 | ||
1945 | 2.41 | 6.31 | 12.54 | 3.29 | 1.72 | 5.86 | 8.93 | 2.93 | 2.02 | 4.73 | 2.33 | 2.10 | 55.17 | ||
1944 | 3.25 | 3.66 | 2.73 | 4.47 | 9.84 | 1.93 | 1.22 | 3.70 | 0.92 | 1.63 | 6.09 | 6.23 | 45.67 | ||
1943 | 0.85 | 1.73 | 4.33 | 1.35 | 6.42 | 10.14 | 1.26 | 0.05 | 5.00 | 2.56 | 0.04 | 3.16 | 36.89 | ||
1942 | 1.87 | 1.25 | 1.90 | 13.66 | 5.77 | 4.74 | 0.00 | 1.83 | 3.19 | 4.39 | 3.96 | 3.80 | 46.36 | ||
1941 | 1.19 | 2.64 | 3.10 | 3.19 | 5.55 | 11.39 | 3.58 | 2.11 | 1.59 | 5.12 | 1.79 | 3.19 | 44.44 | ||
1940 | 1.08 | 2.34 | 1.08 | 6.55 | 4.26 | 5.15 | 3.21 | 1.89 | 1.32 | 2.57 | 8.23 | 4.22 | 41.90 | ||
1939 | 3.37 | 5.09 | 2.34 | 2.21 | 4.29 | 4.26 | 2.46 | 2.61 | 0.35 | 0.88 | 5.06 | 1.84 | 34.76 | ||
1938 | 4.66 | 4.66 | 4.00 | 5.27 | 1.90 | 3.77 | 1.52 | 0.99 | 0.05 | 0.22 | 2.55 | 1.75 | 31.34 | ||
1937 | 2.63 | 1.02 | 5.04 | 1.35 | 1.48 | 2.37 | 2.01 | 1.14 | 0.87 | 3.18 | 3.94 | 8.05 | 33.08 | ||
1936 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 0.10 | 1.40 | 4.86 | 0.00 | 3.48 | 0.25 | 1.99 | 5.59 | 1.43 | 5.14 | 26.12 | ||
1935 | 6.33 | 4.23 | 3.52 | 4.30 | 8.39 | 6.65 | 0.26 | 1.42 | 7.90 | 3.48 | 2.06 | 2.22 | 50.76 | ||
1934 | 2.47 | 3.36 | 5.04 | 3.52 | 4.79 | 0.99 | 0.00 | 0.83 | 4.49 | 0.54 | 8.31 | 1.29 | 35.63 | ||
1933 | 3.20 | 2.37 | 2.64 | 2.85 | 4.89 | 0.33 | 2.42 | 1.01 | 2.00 | 2.45 | 0.72 | 4.07 | 28.95 | ||
1932 | 8.26 | 3.58 | 3.35 | 3.92 | 10.30 | 5.30 | 2.74 | 4.29 | 4.45 | 2.70 | 0.25 | 5.06 | 54.20 | ||
1931 | 1.92 | 3.58 | 4.76 | 3.23 | 5.61 | 2.59 | 2.96 | 2.12 | 0.43 | 2.28 | 3.09 | 3.96 | 36.53 | ||
1930 | 2.62 | 4.72 | 3.72 | 3.44 | 16.26 | 0.88 | 0.29 | 2.49 | 2.52 | 6.77 | 4.58 | 4.06 | 52.35 | ||
1929 | 6.10 | 2.38 | 2.53 | 7.30 | 12.54 | 1.63 | 1.90 | 0.00 | 6.35 | 3.28 | 4.34 | 4.74 | 53.09 | ||
1928 | 0.58 | 4.88 | 1.95 | 6.38 | 1.69 | 7.55 | 2.50 | 0.52 | 0.96 | 3.18 | 2.71 | 8.32 | 41.22 | ||
1927 | 2.27 | 2.25 | 4.35 | 5.31 | 3.67 | 5.96 | 3.67 | 0.65 | 5.14 | 7.48 | 0.66 | 2.11 | 43.52 | ||
1926 | 5.61 | 0.99 | 6.03 | 4.26 | 6.98 | 2.68 | 6.76 | 1.43 | 6.74 | 7.56 | 2.26 | 7.03 | 58.33 | ||
Year | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Ann | ||
1925 | 2.33 | 3.53 | 0.25 | 4.54 | 3.54 | 0.26 | 1.55 | 1.57 | 2.05 | 8.68 | 4.04 | 0.60 | 32.94 | ||
1924 | 2.85 | 3.11 | 5.29 | 3.94 | 6.46 | 1.93 | 0.14 | 3.54 | 5.68 | 0.00 | 2.09 | 1.48 | 36.51 | ||
1923 | 5.75 | 3.30 | 2.49 | 5.95 | 1.09 | 11.81 | 0.00 | 0.73 | 8.37 | 2.70 | 2.67 | 10.06 | 54.92 | ||
1922 | 3.70 | 2.91 | 5.20 | 9.12 | 6.77 | 5.87 | 1.45 | 1.16 | 0.60 | 1.76 | 2.83 | 0.14 | 41.51 | ||
1921 | 3.91 | 1.98 | 1.70 | 5.00 | 1.33 | 7.06 | 1.90 | 0.61 | 1.77 | 0.21 | 0.92 | 2.05 | 28.44 | ||
1920 | 4.30 | 0.88 | 2.12 | 3.79 | 8.36 | 3.23 | 2.82 | 7.44 | 3.28 | 6.18 | 2.92 | 2.59 | 47.91 | ||
1919 | 2.45 | 3.45 | 3.23 | 3.97 | 5.17 | 5.38 | 2.38 | 2.77 | 6.42 | 11.88 | 7.87 | 0.94 | 55.91 | ||
1918 | 1.96 | 0.51 | 1.95 | 9.76 | 4.84 | 2.22 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 1.96 | 3.87 | 11.58 | 6.84 | 47.45 | ||
1917 | 1.64 | 2.23 | 4.49 | 4.55 | 4.80 | 0.58 | 1.53 | 1.98 | 3.20 | 0.54 | 4.23 | 0.21 | 29.98 | ||
1916 | 4.69 | 0.00 | 0.47 | 7.51 | 4.81 | 5.11 | 1.81 | 1.82 | 2.70 | 3.48 | 2.18 | 0.39 | 34.97 | ||
1915 | 2.90 | 3.21 | 2.51 | 8.05 | 1.66 | 3.58 | 1.01 | 10.42 | 2.43 | 2.07 | 2.41 | 1.64 | 41.89 | ||
1914 | 0.80 | 1.85 | 2.23 | 9.23 | 8.02 | 0.47 | 2.12 | 9.85 | 1.56 | 1.21 | 4.15 | 5.84 | 47.33 | ||
1913 | 2.87 | 2.67 | 0.89 | 2.40 | 1.42 | 1.11 | 3.65 | 0.70 | 6.82 | 2.72 | 1.71 | 13.25 | 40.21 | ||
1912 | 0.33 | 2.17 | 5.91 | 4.37 | 2.12 | 2.58 | 0.45 | 3.35 | 0.00 | 3.45 | 0.26 | 2.80 | 27.79 | ||
1911 | 0.32 | 4.76 | 1.76 | 8.67 | 0.68 | 0.28 | 5.61 | 1.54 | 0.94 | 2.39 | 1.41 | 6.38 | 34.74 | ||
1910 | 1.16 | 2.94 | 2.44 | 1.81 | 3.38 | 3.62 | 0.55 | 0.91 | 0.56 | 1.92 | 0.05 | 3.45 | 22.79 | ||
1909 | 0.10 | 0.93 | 2.01 | 1.25 | 2.68 | 5.17 | 0.25 | 1.86 | 2.02 | 2.74 | 1.60 | 5.04 | 25.65 | ||
1908 | 1.30 | 3.52 | 1.64 | 4.86 | 8.24 | 2.54 | 2.01 | 2.41 | 2.20 | 4.23 | 1.96 | 0.75 | 35.66 | ||
1907 | 1.20 | 5.20 | 2.51 | 3.84 | 9.62 | 3.02 | 2.42 | T | 1.82 | 4.46 | 6.42 | 4.79 | 45.30 | ||
1906 | 2.28 | 2.63 | 3.97 | 2.37 | 4.88 | 4.35 | 7.32 | 4.21 | 4.82 | 2.38 | 5.05 | 5.23 | 49.49 | ||
1905 | 3.02 | 4.60 | 4.40 | 5.50 | 8.65 | 3.02 | 5.75 | 0.75 | 3.92 | 2.54 | 2.45 | 6.21 | 50.81 | ||
1904 | 1.57 | 1.60 | 3.90 | 3.41 | 4.55 | 9.02 | 2.82 | 1.40 | 2.05 | 4.15 | 0.20 | 0.36 | 35.03 | ||
1903 | 1.86 | 6.92 | 4.51 | 0.25 | 2.03 | 3.92 | 5.73 | 0.80 | 5.60 | 4.27 | 0.00 | 0.29 | 36.18 | ||
1902 | 1.61 | 0.35 | 2.53 | 2.47 | 2.65 | 2.12 | 10.40 | T | 6.08 | 7.01 | 11.32 | 2.79 | 49.33 | ||
1901 | 0.00 | M | M | NA | |||||||||||
Year | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Ann |