National Weather Service United States Department of Commerce

Excessive Rainfall and Potential Tropical Cyclone in the South; Severe Thunderstorms in the Midwest

Excessive rainfall may produce locally considerable flash flooding over parts of the northwestern Gulf Coast, lower Mississippi River Valley, and Deep South through Thursday. Potential Tropical Cyclone One is forecast to become a tropical storm (Arthur) as it moves along or just off the northwestern Gulf coast through Wednesday. An outbreak of severe weather is forecast in the Midwest Wednesday. Read More >

Subject: NAM3 EXPERIMENTAL Froude Number for the greens

Model run: BTV_GRID_D2D_NAM3_20260616_1200
Using the MB925 to MB850 layer.
Assumes greens are orthogonal to 270 degree winds.

925-850 mb Layer Average Wind/RH. Avg QPF over the greens.
Date   Time        Wind RH% 700 850T QPF
Day mm/dd hhZ Frd# DDFF (%) RH% (C) (in)
=== ===== === ==== ==== === === === ====
Tue 06/16 12Z 0.38 3112  86   8   5 0.00
Tue 06/16 13Z 0.42 3110  81  10   5 0.00
Tue 06/16 14Z 0.88 3009  76  15   6 0.00
Tue 06/16 15Z 2.00 2908  73  20   6 0.00
Tue 06/16 16Z 2.97 2806  71  25   7 0.00
Tue 06/16 17Z 3.70 2706  68  35   7 0.00
Tue 06/16 18Z 3.92 2606  64  49   8 0.00
Tue 06/16 19Z 4.09 2506  64  50   8 0.00
Tue 06/16 20Z 3.98 2507  69  47   8 0.00
Tue 06/16 21Z 2.97 2407  71  44   9 0.00
Tue 06/16 22Z 2.16 2408  72  41   9 0.00
Tue 06/16 23Z 0.94 2309  74  37   9 0.00
Wed 06/17 00Z 0.53 2310  74  37   9 0.00
Wed 06/17 01Z 0.50 2312  73  32   9 0.00
Wed 06/17 02Z 0.57 2413  74  35   9 0.00
Wed 06/17 03Z 0.55 2413  73  39   9 0.00
Wed 06/17 04Z 0.57 2413  73  42   9 0.00
Wed 06/17 05Z 0.55 2412  73  47   9 0.00
Wed 06/17 06Z 0.54 2412  74  56   9 0.00
Wed 06/17 07Z 0.50 2311  75  56   9 0.00
Wed 06/17 08Z 0.47 2311  77  56   8 0.00
Wed 06/17 09Z 0.44 2211  78  58   8 0.00
Wed 06/17 10Z 0.39 2211  79  60   8 0.00
Wed 06/17 11Z 0.37 2111  80  60   8 0.00
Wed 06/17 12Z 0.34 2110  81  57   8 0.00
Wed 06/17 13Z 0.67 2009  81  55   8 0.00
Wed 06/17 14Z 0.66 1808  82  47   8 0.00
Wed 06/17 15Z 0.53 1708  82  45   9 0.00
Wed 06/17 16Z 0.51 1709  84  37   9 0.02
Wed 06/17 17Z 0.30 1710  85  27   9 0.03
Wed 06/17 18Z 0.23 1711  84  24  10 0.03
Wed 06/17 19Z 0.21 1812  82  22  10 0.03
Wed 06/17 20Z 0.24 1813  80  22  10 0.01
Wed 06/17 21Z 0.23 1713  77  33  10 0.01
Wed 06/17 22Z 0.19 1714  77  50  11 0.00
Wed 06/17 23Z 0.11 1715  78  61  11 0.00
Thu 06/18 00Z 0.14 1817  77  72  11 0.00
Thu 06/18 01Z 0.14 1818  77  69  11 0.00
Thu 06/18 02Z 0.20 1920  78  68  11 0.00
Thu 06/18 03Z 0.43 2022  81  60  10 0.00
Thu 06/18 04Z 0.43 2022  84  61  10 0.00
Thu 06/18 05Z 0.37 2023  85  69  10 0.00
Thu 06/18 06Z 0.30 2023  88  60  10 0.00
Thu 06/18 07Z 0.23 1922  89  57  11 0.00
Thu 06/18 08Z 0.22 2022  90  46  11 0.00
Thu 06/18 09Z 0.20 1923  90  39  11 0.00
Thu 06/18 10Z 0.16 1923  89  70  11 0.00
Thu 06/18 11Z 0.08 1823  84  88  12 0.00
Thu 06/18 12Z 0.04 1728  83  97  11 0.01
Thu 06/18 13Z 0.13 1735  91  97  11 0.02
Thu 06/18 14Z 0.06 1738  90  94  12 0.02
Thu 06/18 15Z 0.08 1742  92  97  13 0.03
Thu 06/18 16Z 0.08 1742  96  92  13 0.08
Thu 06/18 17Z 0.15 1837  97  95  13 0.16
Thu 06/18 18Z 0.26 1931  98  76  13 0.13
Thu 06/18 19Z 0.39 2027  98  55  14 0.07
Thu 06/18 20Z 0.48 2023  97  82  14 0.06
Thu 06/18 21Z 0.94 2425  84  58  14 0.29
Thu 06/18 22Z 0.92 2522  88  77  13 0.01
Thu 06/18 23Z 0.95 2422  94  52  12 0.01

Run total areal avg QPF for the greens is: 1.02 inches.

Froude Number (Frd#): 
Frd# < 0.5 Flow is subcritical and blocked.
         Upslope clouds/precip backed farther upwind of and up to mtn crest.
         W Upslope snow favors eastern Champlain Valley, BTV, and Western slopes.
         Gap winds possible.
Frd# 0.5-1 Flow is subcritical/slow moving/blocked.
         Upslope clouds/precip falls immediately upwind of mtn crest.
         W Upslope snow favors western slopes to the Green Mt. spine including:
         Montgomery,Underhill,Jericho,Bolton,Richmond,Huntington,Lincoln.
         Gap winds possible.
Frd# 1-2 Flow is critical.
         With strong winds, Mountain waves/downslope winds possible.
         Precip falls close to mountain ridge crests and on lee side.
         W Upslope snow favors Green Mt Spine,Jay,Stowe,Waterbury,NE Kingdom.
Froude > 2 Flow is supercritical/unblocked(rapid flow).
         Air flows freely over terrain.
         Persistent upslope snow not favored. Scattered snow showers and flurries.

Relative Humidity (RH): 
         925-850 mb RH > 90% needed for upslope precipitation.
         with 700mb RH > 70% favors upslope snow.
         with 700mb RH > 90% greater amounts of W upslope snow possible.

850mb Temperature (T degC) Westerly Upslope Snow Ratios: (Avg=28:1)
        T > -11       10-15:1
        T -11 to -15  25-35:1
        T < -15       15-20:1